Week 4 Pharmacology Drugs Used in Specific Neuro Disorders
A nurse administers oral carbidopa-levodopa to a patient who has tremors caused by Parkinson's disease. The nurse would expect to see the medication effect in which time frame?
5 hours
A nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of a patient's drug regimen for Alzheimer's disease. Which assessment finding by the nurse would indicate that the drug is effective?
Improvement in mental status
Which instructions would the nurse include in patient teaching for a patient taking extended-release carbidopa-levodopa?
"Do not abruptly stop taking this medication." "You may continue to have symptoms for several weeks or months " "You may experience discolored urine or dark perspiration while taking this medication."
The nurse is providing education to a patient taking carbidopa-levodopa. Which statement by the nurse correctly explains why the patient should take this medication with low-protein foods?
"High-protein foods interfere with transportation of this medication to the central nervous system."
Which statement related to carbidopa-levodopa and symptoms of dyskinesia would the nurse include in patient teaching?
"It may take weeks or months before your symptoms are controlled."
A family member states, "My father complains of an upset stomach after taking rivastigmine." Which response by the nurse is appropriate?
"Make sure he takes the medication with food."
Which information related to rivastigmine would the nurse provide Mrs. Hill?
"Rise slowly from sitting or lying positions, because orthostatic hypotension can occur."
A patient taking an antihypertensive drug and carbidopa-levodopa tells the nurse that he or she is applying for a job that involves operating heavy machinery. Which information would the nurse share with the patient?
"These medications together may increase your risk for hypotension, so you will need to use caution when operating heavy machinery."
Which instruction is most important for the nurse to include when teaching a patient who has been prescribed sustained-released carbidopa-levodopa?
"Watch for adverse effects like dizziness and drowsiness."
Match the class of drugs used to treat Parkinson's disease with its mechanism of action.
Affect dopamine content of the brain -Dopaminergics Stimulate dopamine receptors of nerve cells in the brain -Dopamine agonists Inhibit activity of acetylcholine -Anticholinergics Inhibit activity of monoamine oxidase (MAO) -MAO-B inhibitors
Which foods would the nurse instruct a patient who is taking selegiline to avoid?
Aged cheeses Red wine Bananas
Rivastigmine must be used with caution in patients with which condition?
Asthma
The nurse is preparing to administer rivastigmine to a patient. The prescription states to administer 8 mg b.i.d. The pharmacy sends four 2-mg tablets for the morning dose. Which action would the nurse take?
Call the health care provider for a prescription change.
Which statement about the mechanism of action of carbidopa is accurate?
Carbidopa has no therapeutic effect on its own.
Which statement explains the action of carbidopa-levodopa?
Carbidopa prevents levodopa decarboxylation in the periphery, resulting in more levodopa being transported to the brain.
Which statement about carbidopa-levodopa is accurate?
Carbidopa-levodopa should not be stopped abruptly.
Which baseline laboratory tests would be obtained for a female patient who has been prescribed carbidopa-levodopa?
Complete blood count (CBC) Liver function tests (LFTs) Prolactin level Pregnancy test
Which adverse effect of carbidopa-levodopa would the nurse teach the patient and family to report to the health care provider?
Dyskinesia
Which phrase describes a correct therapeutic goal for treatment of Parkinson's disease?
Improve the patient's ability to carry out activities of daily living
To evaluate the effectiveness of dopaminergic agents, the nurse would assess for which condition?
Improvement in balance
Which description of the therapeutic effect of rivastigmine is accurate?
Improves memory
A patient has been taking carbidopa-levodopa for many years. During assessment, the nurse finds that the patient presents with hand tremors, drooling, and a mask-like facial expression. Which action would the nurse anticipate incorporating into the plan of care?
Increase in medication dosage
Which effect may occur when theophylline and rivastigmine are administered together?
Increased risk for theophylline toxicity
Which statement correctly explains the action of rivastigmine?
Increases availability of acetylcholine in the neuron receptors
Which factor in a patient's health history is most important for the nurse to consider with regard to treatment for Alzheimer's disease using rivastigmine?
Liver disease
Which side effects would the nurse teach Mrs. Hill to expect while taking rivastigmine?
Nausea Diarrhea Anorexia Headache
Which statement is accurate about the pharmacodynamics of topical rivastigmine?
Onset of action is 0.5 to 1 hour.
Which route of administration for rivastigmine results in a peak concentration between 8 and 16 hours?
Transdermal
Through which route is carbidopa-levodopa excreted?
Urine