Week 43 - patrick

So what is the goal for prototyping ? (Brown T 2008)

The goal of prototyping isn't to finish. It is to learn about the strengths and weaknesses of the idea and to identify new directions that further prototypes might take

A finish product entials bias in relation to XX ???? (Brown T 2008)

The more "finished" a prototype seems, the less likely its creators will be to pay attention to and profit from feedback.

A method of doing a overview is also called ... (To connect different parts in overview) (V. Krishnan • Karl T. Ulrich)

The term is 'clustering'

What is - product design (V. Krishnan • Karl T. Ulrich)

We use the term product design in its narrow sense to refer to the detailed design phase, which constitutes the specification of design parameters, the determination of precedence relations in the assembly, and the detail design of the components (including mate- rial and process selection)

What is inspiration ? (Brown T 2008)

We label these "inspiration," for the circumstances (be they a problem, an opportunity, or both) that motivate the search for solutions

The new approach consider a multidimensional and over time and Further, how will short term unsuccessfully project benefit the firm on long term how? Hint: SYDNED OPERA HOUSE Davies, A. (2017)

May provide new knowledge about technologies, products, services, and customer requirements that open up future business opportunities.

sum up In total (V. Krishnan • Karl T. Ulrich) Argue for ..... Name some key points:

4 keys within decisions: 1. concept development 2. supply-chain design 3. product design 4.production ramp-up and launch. strategy involves trade off Cluster approach - The overview of doing things - how can we best collab with other sections

What is - Supply-Chain Design. (V. Krishnan • Karl T. Ulrich)

= The inbound and outbound flows of materials, as well as the supply of intellectual property and services to the firm. Supply-chain design decisions therefore include supplier selection as well as production and distribution system design issues, and address the following questions. -Which components will be designed specifically for the product? - Who will design and produce the product? - What is the configuration of the physical supply chain? - What type of process will be used toassemble the product? - Who will develop and supply the process equipment?

Design thinking by Tim Brown. (Brown T 2008) How does he define design thinking

"design thinking" - a methodology that imbues the full spectrum of innovation activities with a human-centered design ethos. imbues = gennemsyrer In general: It is a discipline that uses the designer's sensibility and methods to match people's needs with what is technologically feasible and what a viable business strategy can convert into customer value and market opportunity.

What involves these 3 things/steps? 1. Begin at the beginning. 2. Take a human-centered approach. 3. Design for the cycle. (Brown T 2008)

1. Involve design thinkers at the very start of the innovation pro- cess, before any direction has been set. Design thinking will help you explore more ideas more quickly than you could otherwise. 2. Along with business and technology considerations, innovation should factor in human behavior, needs, and preferences. Human-centered design thinking - especially when it includes research based on direct observation - will capture unexpected in- sights and produce innovation that more precisely reflects what consumers want. 3. In many businesses people move every 12 to 18 months. But design projects may take longer than that to get fromday one through implementa- tion. Plan assignments sothat design thinkers go from inspiration to ideation to imple- mentation. Experiencing the full cycle builds better judgment and creates great long-term benefits for the organization.

How to make Design Thinking Part of the Innovation Drill 8 steps: name the three important for NILFISK (Brown T 2008)

1. Begin at the beginning. x 2. Take a human-centered approach. x 3. Try early and often. 4. Seek outside help. 5. Blend big and small projects. 6. Budget to the pace of innovation 7. Find talent any way you can. 8. Design for the cycle. x

The traditional view on projects measures? also called - Iron triangle NILFISK Davies, A. (2017)

1. Time 2. Cost 3. Quality = Iron triangle Trade-offs between time, cost, and quality are often made to meet a project's goal

Design projects must ultimately pass through three spaces - name the 3 spaces. (Brown T 2008)

1. inspiration 2. ideation 3. implementation Projects will loop back through these spaces - particularly the first two - more than once as ideas are refined and new directions taken.

Explain the concept of Product Development Organization (V. Krishnan • Karl T. Ulrich)

By product development organization, we mean the social system and environment in which a firm's design and development work is carried out.

What is innovation (Brown T 2008)

By this I mean that innovation is powered by a thorough understanding, through direct observation, of what people want and need in their lives and what they like or dislike about the way particular products are: - made, - packaged, - marketed, - sold - supported.

Name the ' 4 - steps' in the Decisions within a Development Project (V. Krishnan • Karl T. Ulrich) (in the text they argue for 4, but there are 5 header)

Concept Development - Supply-Chain Design - product design - 'Performance Testing and Validation' - Product Launch and Production Ramp-up

What is / explain - Concept Development (V. Krishnan • Karl T. Ulrich)

Concept development involves questions such as: - What are the target values of the product attributes? - What will the product concept be? - What variants of the prod- uct will be offered? - What is the product architec- ture? - What will be the overall physical form and industrial design of the product? Good words within C.D. : a vector of attributes - core product concept.

sum up In total (Brown T 2008) Argue for ..... Name some key points:

Design thinking discipline which is used to match the customer needs by the feasible technology and business strategy innovation is about how the product is - made, - packaged, - marketed, - sold - supported. Design projects have 3 steps. 1. inspiration 2. ideation 3. implementation And the Design Thinking within the Innovation Drill have 8 statements - where 3 are highly relevant for NILFISK

Davies, A. (2017) define projects as?

Each project is established to bring together people with diverse knowledge to complete a temporary assignment, solve a complex problem, or turn a novel idea into reality.

What is - Product Launch and Production Ramp-up. (V. Krishnan • Karl T. Ulrich)

For instance, the firm must decide the degree to which test marketing should be done, and the sequence in which products are introduced in different markets. - trade off arise then launch: including threat of competitor entry and the completeness of development, In practice, poor product-design decisions can also slow the rate of production ramp-up. There has been some work on production ramp-u

Trade off, in launching high in and low in products (V. Krishnan • Karl T. Ulrich)

In launching a product, the firm decides the tim-ng and sequence of product introduction. An interesting trade-off confronting the timing decision is one of cannibalization versus faster accrual of profit. When products are introduced simultaneously, low- end products might cannibalize the sales of the high- end products.

Name some key point from 'Product Development Decisions: A Review of the Literature' - What is the text about, key words. (V. Krishnan • Karl T. Ulrich) (abstract key point)

Product development, Single firms, physical goods, the fundamental decisions (decision making in product development)

V. Krishnan • Karl T. Ulrich define product development as?

Product development, which we define as the transformation of a market opportunity into a product available for sale.

What is: Product Strategy and Planning (V. Krishnan • Karl T. Ulrich)

Product strategy and planning involve decisions about the firm's target market, product mix, project prioritization, resource allocation, and technology selection. Good questions: Specific decisions include the following. - What is the firm's target market? - What portfolio of product opportunities will be pursued? - What is the timing of the product development projects? - What assets will be shared across products? - Which technologies will be employed in the planned prod- ucts?

What is the main reason for projects to fail? Davies, A. (2017)

Projects have a past to learn from and a future to create. what is common to most of these poorly performing projects is that they failed to adapt to the environment Too often they are treated in isolation from previous projects and the wider historical and organizational context within which they are conceived and executed. In order words: They do not adapt to the changing environment and learn from the past

What/how should prototype be/be produced (Brown T 2008)

Prototypes should command only as much time, effort, and investment as are needed to generate useful feedback and evolve an idea.

Explain the cluster approach Could be relevant for NILFISK (V. Krishnan • Karl T. Ulrich)

The cluster approach make the process overview easy to understand and further makes the overview for: - where do we need a better XXX - is the core product concept good for XX - Who will design XXX ... p. 15

What is - Performance Testing and Validation (V. Krishnan • Karl T. Ulrich) Not meantion as the 4 key.

While detailed design decisions are being made and refined, the design is also prototyped to validate for, fit, function, and fabrication.

What is / explain 'a vector of attributes' in concept development (V. Krishnan • Karl T. Ulrich)

a vector of attributes refers to: - (e.g., speed, price, reliability, capacity). - customer needs - product specifications

What is ideation ? (Brown T 2008)

ideation," for the process of generating, developing, and testing ideas that may lead to solutions;

What is implementation ? (Brown T 2008)

implementation," for the charting of a path to market

Further to strategy: What must be considered in: An operational version of the portfolio decision is the product line design problem? HIGLY RELEVANT FOR NILFISK***

in which the number and identity of individual products must be decided.