Week I: Intro and CH I

Nearly all neuroscientists and philosophers support the position of ____. a) monism b) exceptionalism​ c) dualism​ d) relativism​

A

When a membrane is at rest, what attracts potassium ions to the inside of the cell?​ a) an electrical gradient b) a concentration gradient c) both an electrical gradient and a concentration gradient d) neither an electrical gradient nor a concentration gradient

A

Which of the following describes the transmission of information in a local neuron?​ a) The signal decreases in strength as it travels. b) The signal increases in strength as it travels. c) The signal strength remains constant as it travels. d) Local neurons do not transmit any information.

A

​A(n) ____ investigates the chemical reactions in the brain. a) neurochemist b) psychophysiologist​ c) comparative psychologist​ d) neurologist​

A

A(n) ____ explanation describes eating in terms of the hypothalamus affecting insulin production, which affects the availability of glucose in cells.​ a) physiological b) ontogenetic c) evolutionary d) functional

B

Biological psychologists are primarily interested in the study of the physiological, evolutionary, and ____.​ a) social influences on attitudes b) developmental mechanisms of behavior and experience* c) cultural mechanisms of society as a whole d) psychological influences on disease

B

The insulating material that covers many vertebrate axons is called the ____.​ a) dendrite b) myelin sheath c) cell body or soma d) presynaptic terminal

B

The membrane of a neuron is composed of ____ with ____ embedded in them.​ a) carbohydrates; purines b) fat molecules; proteins c) proteins; neurotransmitters d) benzene molecules; carbohydrates

B

What mechanism prevents or slows some chemicals from entering the brain, while allowing others to enter?​ a) a threshold b) a blood-brain barrier c) an endoplasmic wall d) a differential-drug inhibitor

B

Which explanation of human behavior focuses most on learning through experience? a) physiological b) ontogenetic​ c) evolutionary​ d) functional​

B

A drug will prevent an action potential if it ____.​ a) lowers the threshold of the membrane b) blocks the movement of potassium across the membrane c) blocks the movement of sodium across the membrane d) increases the movement of sodium across the membrane

C

A(n) ____ explanation of the brain invokes the chemical reactions that enable hormones to influence brain activity. a) ontogenetic b) evolutionary​ c) physiological​ d) functional​

C

If you are interested in clinical psychology, school psychology, social work, physical therapy, or another field that is on the outskirts of neuroscience, which resource would be a good choice? a) The Journal of Neuroscience b) Neurology​ c) Scientific American Mind​ d) Nature Neuroscience​

C

Mr. Spindero periodically visits a hospital clinic where he takes various paper and pencil tests that document the progression of his dementia. A(n) ____ is most likely to be administering the tests. a) neurologist b) psychologist​ c) neuropsychologist​* d) cognitive neuroscientist​

C

The function of an Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee is to ____. a) evaluate veterinarians who provide care to laboratory animals b) determine whether research is merely for the benefit of humans​ c) evaluate proposed experiments to ensure that they minimize pain and discomfort​ d) provide food and water for lab animals, and keep cages clean​

C

What type of neuron in the pons receives information only from other cells in the pons and sends information only to other cells in the pons?​ a) afferent b) efferent c) intrinsic d) inter-synaptic

C

When a neuron's membrane is at rest, the concentration gradient tends to move potassium ____ the cell and the electrical gradient tends to move it ____ the cell.​ Question 16 options: a) into; into b) into; out of c) out of; into d) out of; out of

C

A(n) ____ is most likely to be involved in measuring heart rate, breathing rate, brain waves, and other body processes. a) occupational therapist b) neuropsychologist​ c) psychiatric social worker​ d) psychophysiologist​

D

Small, charged molecules can cross the cell membrane through ____.​ a) diffusion b) ribosomes c) mitochondria d) protein channels

D

Which action would depolarize a neuron?​ Question 18 options: a) decreasing membrane permeability to calcium b) increasing membrane permeability to potassium c) decreasing membrane permeability to sodium d) increasing membrane permeability to sodium

D