Western Civilization Ch 13 Final
How did the closing of the monasteries and convents affect upper-class women?
Marriage became virtually the only occupation for upper-class women.
Why did Elizabeth I have her cousin and heir Mary, Queen of Scots, executed?
Mary became implicated in a plot to assassinate Elizabeth.
Why did Protestants allow the dissolution of marriages in divorce?
Protestants viewed marriage as a contract for mutual support, and married partners who failed to provide support endangered their souls and the entire community.
The overriding goal of the Catholic religious orders established in the sixteenth century was
To uplift the moral condition of both clergy and laity.
Luther believed that marriage
brought spiritual advantages and was the ideal state for nearly all human beings.
In the early sixteenth century, anticlericalism focused primarily on all of the following issues except
clerical heresy
Protestants argued that the highest form of Christian life is
for each individual to serve God through his or her individual calling.
The Consistory was
A body of laymen and pastors who led Geneva.
How did Inquisitors view most people accused of witchcraft?
As superstitious and ignorant peasants who should be educated rather than executed
The Edict of Nantes
Granted French Huguenots the right to worship in 150 towns.
The Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis ended the conflict known as the
Habsburg-Valois Wars
What aided Martin Luther as his call for reform emerged?
Luther understood the power of the new printing press and authorized the publication of his works.
The Pilgrimage of Grace attested to
popular opposition, in northern England, to Henry VIII's reformation
The dissolution of the English monasteries
resulted from Henry VIII's desire to confiscate their wealth
The Reformation in England was primarily the result of
the dynastic and romantic concerns of Henry VIII
Luther believed that the church consisted of
the spiritual priesthood of all believers.
Martin Luther's first response to the Peasants' War was
to side with the peasants
In religious affairs, Elizabeth I of England followed a policy that
was a middle course between Catholic and Protestant extremes
A new religious order for women that emerged in the sixteenth century was the
Ursuline Order
How widespread was the influence of the Inquisition?
The Inquisition effectively destroyed heresy within the Papal States but had little influence elsewhere.
How did the choice to embrace or reject the Reform movement occur in a territory or region in the Holy Roman Empire?
The political leader(s) of the territory or region determined whether to introduce reforms.
Why did most ordinary Poles oppose the Lutheran reform movement
They held strong anti-German feelings.
The Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre led to
a lengthy civil war
The inquisitorial legal procedure differed from the accusatorial legal procedure in all of the following ways except
a suspect would not be told the charges against him
What were Lutheran and Calvinist attitudes toward secular rulers?
Lutherans taught respect for authority while Calvinists encouraged opposition to political authorities who were considered ungodly.
In Hungary, Lutheranism was
Spread by Hungarian students who had studied at the University of Wittenberg.
