WFS-1701 Chapter 10 Quiz

Which of the following is an example of negative self-talk? A) "I cannot complete this assignment before the due date." B) "This is a lot of work, but I will complete it before the deadline." C) "It wouldn't be easy, but I can complete this project."

A) "I cannot complete this assignment before the due date."

Exercising for as little as ______ minutes can reduce your stress level. A) 10 B) 5 C) 15 D) 2

A) 10

Which of following statements about insomnia are accurate? (Select all that apply.) A) Common causes of insomnia include fear and anxiety. B) People suffering from insomnia have an easy time returning to sleep. C) People suffering from insomnia often have an easy time resting their minds even if they do not fall asleep. D) Insomnia is a sleep disorder characterized by persistent difficulty falling asleep and staying asleep.

A) Common causes of insomnia include fear and anxiety. D) Insomnia is a sleep disorder characterized by persistent difficulty falling asleep and staying asleep.

Which of the following are steps in the basic approach to problem solving? (Select all that apply.) A) Consider the pros and cons. B) Compare the problem to others' problems. C) Identify the problem. D) Brainstorm solutions.

A) Consider the pros and cons. C) Identify the problem. D) Brainstorm solutions.

Which of the following statements about eustress is most accurate? A) Eustress can be draining, even though it is a pleasant experience. B) Eustress leads to conflict. C) Eustress is a negative form of stress. D) Eustress leads to distress and chronic health problems.

A) Eustress can be draining, even though it is a pleasant experience.

Which of the following correctly describes acute stress? (Select all that apply.) A) It is a short-term form of stress. B) It usually triggers the fight-or-flight response. C) It can cause muscle tension, headaches, and heartburn. D) It lasts for long periods of time.

A) It is a short-term form of stress. B) It usually triggers the fight-or-flight response. C) It can cause muscle tension, headaches, and heartburn.

True or false: People who sleep less than 6 hours are more likely to die prematurely than people who sleep between 6 and 8 hours a night. A) True B) False

A) True

Which of the following does the body release during the fight-or-flight response? (Select all that apply.) A) adrenaline B) oxytocin C) cortisone D) cortisol

A) adrenaline D) cortisol

Which of the following are poor stress-management techniques? (Select all that apply.) A) avoiding stressful situations B) laughing C) accepting things that cannot be changed D) overeating

A) avoiding stressful situations D) overeating

Chronic exposure to stress responses A) can harm an individual's health. B) helps to develop a person's imagination. C) strengthens an individual's immune system. D) makes a person better able to cope with stress.

A) can harm an individual's health.

In deep breathing, you fill your lungs with air by A) expanding the abdomen. B) expanding the chest. C) using half of one's breathing capacity. D) taking oxygen from the blood.

A) expanding the abdomen.

Which of the following are examples of social stressors? (Select all that apply.) A) facing tough competition B) discrimination C) relying on a language in which you aren't fluent D) reliable public transit

A) facing tough competition B) discrimination C) relying on a language in which you aren't fluent

Which of the following are among the most common causes of insomnia among college students? (Select all that apply.) A) fear B) poor eating habits C) anxiety D) overall stress

A) fear C) anxiety D) overall stress

What are the general components of spirituality? (Select all that apply.) A) feeling a connectedness to oneself and others B) developing a system of personal beliefs and values C) acquiring influence over others D) finding meaning and purpose in life

A) feeling a connectedness to oneself and others B) developing a system of personal beliefs and values D) finding meaning and purpose in life

People who are frequently and inappropriately angry increase their risk for anger-linked health problems, including which of the following? (Select all that apply.) A) hypertension B) decreased immune functioning C) heart disease D) sinus infections

A) hypertension B) decreased immune functioning C) heart disease

Which of the following are cognitive strategies for restructuring self-talk? (Select all that apply.) A) identifying adversity B) becoming re-energized C) denying the consequences of negative belief D) disputing negative beliefs

A) identifying adversity B) becoming re-energized D) disputing negative beliefs

Which of the following are good ways to meet new people? (Select all that apply.) A) joining an intramural club B) getting a job C) volunteering D) watching television alone

A) joining an intramural club B) getting a job C) volunteering

Ways to increase the likelihood of a good night's sleep include which of the following? (Select all that apply.) A) keeping a regular sleep schedule B) creating a sleep-friendly environment C) avoiding regular exercise D) avoiding caffeine, alcohol, and nicotine

A) keeping a regular sleep schedule B) creating a sleep-friendly environment D) avoiding caffeine, alcohol, and nicotine

For many college students, having a heavy work schedule is associated with which of the following? (Select all that apply.) A) less sleep B) increased smoking or drinking C) poor dietary choices D) decreased BMI

A) less sleep B) increased smoking or drinking C) poor dietary choices

What is the most common cause of insomnia? A) too much physical activity B) snoring C) sleep walking D) stress

D) stress

Which of the following are the steps involved in making new friends? (Select all that apply.) A) meeting new people B) being a good listener C) buying nice gifts D) making time for friends

A) meeting new people B) being a good listener D) making time for friends

A way to help ensure an optimal performance in a high-stress situation is to ______ the task so that it becomes second nature. A) overlearn B) sublearn C) relearn D) unlearn

A) overlearn

Handling stress by trying to do something practical to resolve the cause of the stress is called ______ coping. A) problem-focused B) emotion-focused C) cognitive D) attributive

A) problem-focused

Experiencing fear during a life-threatening event is an example of which of the following? A) rational anxiety B) a phobia C) a disorder D) irrational anxiety

A) rational anxiety

Lori is trying to learn a few relaxation strategies. Which of the following strategies might she consider as options? (Select all that apply.) A) reading B) getting a massage C) keeping a journal D) procrastinating on an assignment E) drinking a can of soda daily

A) reading B) getting a massage C) keeping a journal

You can use the ABCDE model to A) restructure your thoughts in a more positive direction. B) identify the source of those negative thoughts. C) plan a strategy to avoid having such thoughts in the future. D) organize your time so that you feel better about yourself.

A) restructure your thoughts in a more positive direction.

Which of the following are good stress-management strategies? (Select all that apply.) A) thinking positively B) letting go of disappointing results C) drinking alcohol D) giving up emotionally

A) thinking positively B) letting go of disappointing results

Passive-aggressive behavior is when a person A) tries to get back at others indirectly. B) exacts direct revenge on others. C) teaches others how to behave better. D) ignores the behavior of others.

A) tries to get back at others indirectly.

The autonomic nervous system provides what type of control over body processes? A) unconscious B) conscious C) voluntary D) lenient

A) unconscious

A mix of which of the following foods will help counteract stress? (Select all that apply.) A) vegetables B) fried foods C) fruits D) caffeine E) whole grains

A) vegetables C) fruits E) whole grains

The main emotions associated with stress are ________________________ and _______________________________.

Answers you can use: Blank 1: anger or angry Blank 2: fear, fearful, or anxiety

Stress resulting from a positive stressor is known as _________________________.

Answers you can use: eustress or estress

The collection of emotional, intellectual, and social qualities or traits that characterize an individual are called _______________________________________.

Answers you can use: personality or personallity

Which of the following are benefits of drafting a to-do list and setting priorities? (Select all that apply.) A) A prioritized list frees a person from obligations. B) A prioritized list allows a person to focus on the tasks that are most important. C) A prioritized list allows for procrastination. D) A prioritized list helps a person avoid distractions.

B) A prioritized list allows a person to focus on the tasks that are most important. D) A prioritized list helps a person avoid distractions.

A person is more likely to manage his or her anger by asking which of the following questions before responding to a stressful situation? (Select all that apply.) A) Am I strong enough to win a fight against this person? B) Am I justified in getting angry? C) Is this situation worth getting angry about? D) Will expressing my anger make a positive difference?

B) Am I justified in getting angry? C) Is this situation worth getting angry about? D) Will expressing my anger make a positive difference?

True or false: Personality can be expressed in behaviors and in interactions with others but not through patterns of thought or feelings. A) True B) False

B) False

True or false: Religion is the same thing as spirituality. A) True B) False

B) False

True or false: The relaxation response is part of the fight-or-flight response. A) True B) False

B) False

True or false: When using exercise to lessen stress, the type of activity matters more than maintaining regular participation. A) True B) False

B) False

Which of the following statements about meditation are accurate? (Select all that apply.) A) The benefits of meditation do not extend beyond the meditation session. B) Meditation can be practiced almost anywhere. C) People who practice meditation can experience long-lasting physical benefits. D) Those who practice meditation need to be wary of the negative impact it can have on emotions.

B) Meditation can be practiced almost anywhere. C) People who practice meditation can experience long-lasting physical benefits.

Which of the following are negative responses to anger? (Select all that apply.) A) having courage to defend oneself B) being unable to deal with situations without getting angry C) shouting at people D) using violence E) being motivated to improve

B) being unable to deal with situations without getting angry C) shouting at people D) using violence

The effects of chronic stress A) are usually temporary. B) can be serious and long-lasting. C) bring people back to homeostasis. D) are nearly impossible to reverse.

B) can be serious and long-lasting.

Which of the following are typically leading sources of stress among college students? (Select all that apply.) A) knowing a subject too well B) completing classwork in time C) being concerned about money D) not having enough to do E) dealing with roommates

B) completing classwork in time C) being concerned about money E) dealing with roommates

Eating well counteracts stress by doing which of the following? (Select all that apply.) A) allowing a person to sustain activity on little sleep B) controlling blood pressure C) eliminating the need to divide large tasks into small chunks D) supporting the immune system

B) controlling blood pressure D) supporting the immune system

The autonomic nervous system controls which of the following? (Select all that apply.) A) skeletal muscles B) digestion C) breathing D) heart rate

B) digestion C) breathing D) heart rate

Anger triggers the urge to A) debate. B) fight. C) compromise. D) run.

B) fight.

Which of the following are often the results of sleep deprivation? (Select all that apply.) A) better test-taking B) getting more colds C) impaired concentration D) lower grades

B) getting more colds C) impaired concentration D) lower grades

The state in which your body is fairly relaxed and functioning at a stable level is called A) physical stress. B) homeostasis. C) fight-or-flight. D) acute stress.

B) homeostasis.

In general, men are more likely than women to react to stress by A) nurturing others. B) initiating a confrontation or withdrawing. C) befriending people and seeking consensus. D) talking things out.

B) initiating a confrontation or withdrawing.

Setting realistic goals A) encourages procrastination and poor time management. B) is important for stress management and behavior change. C) prevents a person from overcoming weaknesses. D) will keep a person from exceeding expectations.

B) is important for stress management and behavior change.

According to a survey by the American Psychological Association, which of the following are the two biggest stressors reported by Americans adults? A) safety B) money C) health D) work

B) money D) work

The general adaptation syndrome A) observes that long-term stress rarely causes exhaustion. B) offers a model of how chronic stress affects health. C) consists of four phases. D) argues that stress is alarming to people in the long-term.

B) offers a model of how chronic stress affects health.

One strategy that has been recommended to college students to reduce homesickness is to live A) alone. B) on campus. C) off campus. D) with a romantic partner.

B) on campus.

Which of the following can result from sleep apnea? (Select all that apply.) A) trouble with eyesight and hearing B) persistent daytime sleepiness C) high blood pressure D) loss of long-term memory

B) persistent daytime sleepiness C) high blood pressure

High allostatic load results from which of the following? (Select all that apply.) A) rapid return to homeostasis B) poor coping with stressors C) frequent or chronic stressors D) inability to shut down stress response

B) poor coping with stressors C) frequent or chronic stressors D) inability to shut down stress response

Which of the following are stress-related negative health behaviors? (Select all that apply.) A) dementia B) poor eating habits C) avoiding medical care D) poor sleep E) optical damage

B) poor eating habits C) avoiding medical care D) poor sleep

In the United States, stress in the workplace has been linked to which of the following? (Select all that apply.) A) dementia B) premature mortality C) post-traumatic stress disorder D) cardiovascular disease

B) premature mortality D) cardiovascular disease

Which of the following lists the steps of the transactional model of stress in order? A) primary appraisal, reappraisal, coping, secondary appraisal B) primary appraisal, secondary appraisal, coping, reappraisal C) primary appraisal, coping, secondary appraisal, reappraisal D) coping, primary appraisal, secondary appraisal, reappraisal

B) primary appraisal, secondary appraisal, coping, reappraisal

A stress response prepares the body for a physical reaction to a threat A) if the threat can be successfully managed. B) regardless of whether the perceived threat is real or imagined. C) after confirming that the threat is real. D) after confirming that the threat has put the person's life in danger.

B) regardless of whether the perceived threat is real or imagined.

The benefits of deep breathing include which of the following? (Select all that apply.) A) better hydration B) relaxing muscles C) reading quickly D) quieting the mind

B) relaxing muscles D) quieting the mind

Good time management techniques include which of the following? (Select all that apply.) A) procrastination B) setting time limits for using the internet C) scheduling activities D) setting time traps that allow for lapses in focus

B) setting time limits for using the internet C) scheduling activities

which of the following is an example of positive self-talk? A) "I don't think I can figure out how to even start working on this project." B) "I can't possibly complete this job before the due date." C) "This is a lot of work, but I will complete it before the deadline." D) "Maybe I can get someone else to take this assignment."

C) "This is a lot of work, but I will complete it before the deadline."

Which of the following statements about the body's response to a stressor is true? A) The parasympathetic nervous system generates the fight-or-flight response, and the sympathetic nervous system returns the body to homeostasis. B) The body secretes hormones, sometimes in large enough doses to strengthen the immune system. C) The sympathetic nervous system generates the fight-or-flight response, and the parasympathetic nervous system returns the body to homeostasis. D) The fight-or-flight response is stronger in women than in men.

C) The sympathetic nervous system generates the fight-or-flight response, and the parasympathetic nervous system returns the body to homeostasis.

The Yerkes-Dodson law states that A) stress should be kept to a minimum for optimal performance. B) performance decreases as stress level increases. C) a certain amount of stress is good for performance, but too much is bad D) performance increases as stress level increases.

C) a certain amount of stress is good for performance, but too much is bad

Expressing wants and desires without consideration for others is called ______ communication. A) direct B) assertive C) aggressive D) passive

C) aggressive

Which of the following are signs that a person is not getting enough sleep? (Select all that apply.) A) staying focused during boring activities B) waking up without an alarm C) constant irritation D) regularly feeling tired during the day

C) constant irritation D) regularly feeling tired during the day

Which of the following is not an example of a daily hassle or minor problem that causes stress? A) homework B) bills due for payment C) death of a family member D) job deadlines

C) death of a family member

The best way to tackle a big project is to A) get it all done as soon as possible. B) keep asking lots of questions and rethinking your approach. C) divide your time into chunks in which to work on certain portions of it. D) wait until the last minute to start and do everything at once.

C) divide your time into chunks in which to work on certain portions of it.

After attempting a solution for a problem, one should A) move immediately to the next problem. B) revert to old behaviors. C) evaluate the effectiveness of that solution. D) refrain from sharing that solution with others.

C) evaluate the effectiveness of that solution.

Focusing on the present leads a person to do which of the following? (Select all that apply.) A) neglect a future obligation B) repeat past mistakes C) have a positive outlook D) relax

C) have a positive outlook D) relax

Setting an unrealistically high goal will likely A) enhance a person's coping skills. B) lead to greater success. C) increase stress. D) make a person stronger.

C) increase stress.

Which of the following are strategies that colleges have introduced to help freshmen build friendships? (Select all that apply.) A) bring-your-child-to-work days B) off-campus clubs C) live-in policies D) residence hall learning communities

C) live-in policies D) residence hall learning communities

In general, women are more likely than men to react to stress by A) drinking alcohol and smoking cigarettes. B) initiating a confrontation. C) nurturing those around them and reaching out to others. D) withdrawing and refusing to talk about the situation.

C) nurturing those around them and reaching out to others.

Not expressing feelings to avoid confrontation is called ______ communication. A) assertive B) aggressive C) passive D) indirect

C) passive

Experiencing fear during a life-threatening event is an example of which of the following? A) a disorder B) irrational anxiety C) rational anxiety D) a phobia

C) rational anxiety

The collection of physiological and emotional changes that occur in response to a threat is called A) homeostasis. B) a stressor. C) stress. D) assertive behavior.

C) stress.

A specific event or condition that triggers stress is called a A) provoker. B) stimulant. C) stressor. D) depressant.

C) stressor.

To reduce stress, try to focus on A) the future. B) the past. C) the present.

C) the present.

The transactional model of stress describes A) how people explain the outcome of exposure to a stressor. B) what stressors affect people. C) the steps most people take when responding to a stressor. D) how the stress response works.

C) the steps most people take when responding to a stressor.

When using the Internet to do homework, it is advisable to A) keep a cell phone handy. B) keep email open. C) open as many tabs as possible in the browser. D) log out of all social sites.

D) log out of all social sites.

An intense, persistent, and irrational fear directed at a specific situation or object is called A) trauma. B) a relaxation technique. C) anger. D) a phobia.

D) a phobia.

The cumulative physical damage of chronic exposure to the stress response, especially the effects of stress hormones, is called A) eustress. B) distress. C) chronic disease. D) allostatic load

D) allostatic load

A persistent state of worry or nervousness not directed at any particular threat is known as A) a phobia. B) stress. C) rational fear. D) anxiety.

D) anxiety.

Minor setbacks that occur regularly are called A) instances of eustress. B) chronic stressors. C) burnout episodes. D) daily hassles.

D) daily hassles.

Dealing with stress by trying to adjust the emotions experienced in response to stressors is called ______ coping. A) attributive B) problem-focused C) cognitive D) emotion-focused

D) emotion-focused

The types of stressors that happen outside our control, such as extreme weather, overcrowded dorms, and poor public transit, are called ______ stressors. A) post-traumatic B) chronic C) social D) environmental

D) environmental

The meditation technique that involves focusing on a single word or phrase is called ______ meditation. A) yoga B) inclusive C) relaxing D) exclusive

D) exclusive

Progressive muscle relaxation is a technique that involves A) holding one's breath for as long as possible while flexing muscles. B) concentrating on numerous muscle groups at the same time. C) relaxing the muscles and then gradually tensing them while focusing on the one's body. D) tensing muscles and then actively reducing the tension while concentrating on one's body.

D) tensing muscles and then actively reducing the tension while concentrating on one's body.

The physiological state of deep rest that changes the physical and emotional response to stress is called A) insomnia. B) progressive muscle relaxation. C) the fight-or-flight response. D) the relaxation response.

D) the relaxation response.

Irrational fears are fears that are A) based on reality but focused on the wrong thing. B) strictly physical responses to stress. C) inappropriate reactions to life-threatening events. D) unreasonable.

D) unreasonable.

Expressing thoughts, feelings, and needs in direct and appropriate ways sensitive to others while standing up for your personal rights is called ________________________ communication.

assertive

When your breathing and heart rate are relatively low and steady, and other body processes function at a "normal" level, you are in a state of functioning called _____________________________.

homeostasis

Stress is associated with __________________________________ health behaviors, including poor sleep and poor eating habits.

negative

The three stages of the general adaption syndrome are alarm reaction, _____________________________ , and exhaustion.

resistance