Women's Health Chapter 10

10. When describing genetic disorders to a group of couples planning to have children, the nurse would identify which as an example of an autosomal dominant inheritance disorder? A. Huntington disease B. sickle cell disease C. phenylketonuria D. cystic fibrosis

A

12. Which event will result in zygote formation? A. The nucleus of the ovum and sperm make contact and combine chromosomes. B. The nucleus of the ovum carries forth the genetic information at implantation. C. The nucleus of the sperm and the fallopian tube make contact and combines chromosomes. D. The nucleus of the sperm carries forth the genetic information at implantation

A

14. During a prenatal class, the nurse is describing what happens when the ovum is fertilized by the sperm. Which statement would the nurse most likely include? A. The zygote is transported into the uterine cavity. B. The embryo is transported into the uterine cavity. C. Genetic material is shared with the embryo upon implantation. D. The placenta begins to form in the fallopian tube.

A

23. In order for conception to take place, it is most common for a woman to get pregnant: A. two weeks after her normal menstrual period. B. two weeks before her normal menstrual period. C. immediately after a normal menstrual period. D. during her menstrual period.

A

24. A couple asks the nurse at a preconception class for information on becoming pregnant. Which response made by the nurse is correct? A. "The 200 million sperm in ejaculated semen are necessary for conception to take place." B. "The 1 million sperm in ejaculated semen are necessary for conception to take." C. "Fertilization will typically occur 2 weeks before your last normal menstrual period." D. "Fertilization will typically occur 1 week after the last normal menstrual period."

A

25. A couple attends genetic counseling. What are the chances that the couple will have a child with Down syndrome? A. Chromosomal abnormalities occur in about 1 in 150 live-born infants. B. Chromosomal abnormalities cannot be inherited and occur at random. C. If a woman is a carrier, there is a 25% chance that her daughter will be affected. D. If a man is a carrier, there is a 25% chance that he will have an unaffected son.

A

26. The nurse is assessing a 12-hour-old newborn and hears a heart murmur. What initial action should the nurse take? A. Document the finding as normal for age B. Report the finding to the health care provider C. Assess the infant every 2 hours for worsening symptoms D. Allow the infant to room in with the parents if temperature is stable

A

27. A client asks about a child inheriting an autosomal recessive disorder. What must occur for an offspring to demonstrate signs and symptoms of the disorder with this type of inheritance? A. Both parents must be carriers. B. One parent must have the disease. C. One parent, usually the mother, must be a carrier. D. One parent, usually the father, must not be a carrier or have the disease.

A

28. At prenatal classes a client asks the nurse how long it takes to actually become pregnant after having sexual intercourse. What is the nurse's best response? A. "Conception happens immediately after fertilization of the ovum." B. "Conception happens about 12 hours after fertilization of the ovum." C. "Conception happens about 24 hours after fertilization of the ovum." D. "Conception happens about 72 hours after fertilization of the ovum."

A

29. A nurse teaching a couple says that when X-linked recessive inheritance is present in a family, the genogram will reveal that: A. mostly males in the family have the disorder. B. the parents of the affected man have the disorder. C. sons of an affected man are also affected. D. all daughters and no sons will inherit the condition.

A

4. A pregnant woman undergoes a triple screen at 16 to 18 weeks' gestation. What would the nurse suspect if the woman's estriol and alpha-fetoprotein levels are decreased with high hCG levels? A. Down syndrome B. sickle-cell anemia C. cardiac defects D. respiratory disorders

A

21. A client who is six weeks' pregnant asks the prenatal nurse, "What development has taken place with my baby by now?" Which information should the nurse include in the response? Select all that apply. A. "By week 3 there would be the beginning development of the brain, spinal cord, and heart." B. "By week 4 the arms and legs begin to grow and develop." C. "By week 5 the heart now beats and the eyes and ears can be seen." D. "By week 6 the lungs begin forming and the baby circulation is established." E. "By week 6 the baby makes active movements with sucking motions made with the mouth."

A,B,C,D

15. Which processes that occur after fertilization would lead to a normal pregnancy? Select all that apply. A. The morula divides into specialized cells that will form fetal structures. B. Within the morula is a blastocyst that will form the embryo. C. The morula develops into the embryonic membranes, the chorion, and placenta. D. The morula enters the uterine cavity about 72 hours after fertilization. E. The blastocyst reaches the uterine cavity immediately after fertilization.

A,B,D

19. A prenatal nurse is conducting a class on healthy pregnancy and explains the role of placental hormones. Which statements would the nurse make? Select all that apply. A. Human chorionic gonadotropin is the basis for pregnancy tests. B. Human placental lactogen participates in the development of maternal breasts for lactation. C. Thyroxin modulates fetal and maternal metabolism. D. Progesterone stimulates maternal metabolism and breast development. E. Relaxin causes enlargement of a woman's breasts, uterus, and external genitalia. F. Estrogen causes enlargement of a woman's breasts.

A,B,D,F

16. Which processes, if they occur during the formation of the placenta, would lead to a successful pregnancy? Select all that apply. A. Implantation of the trophoblast occurs in the upper uterus. B. Three days after conception, the trophoblast makes human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). C. The trophoblast attaches to the fallopian tube for nourishment. D. The placenta is fully developed by the end of fourth week. E. The trophoblast develops into the placenta.

A,B,E

17. Which characteristics about amniotic fluid would alert the prenatal nurse to further investigate? Select all that apply. A. Oligohydramnios is noted on assessment. B. The amount of amniotic fluid fluctuates at each checkup. C. Polyhydramnios is noted on assessment. D. The client has approximately 2 L of amniotic fluid at term. E. The client has approximately 1 L of amniotic fluid at term.

A,C,D

30. A woman visits the prenatal clinic and is noted to have oligohydramnios. The client asks, "Why is this fluid important anyway?" Which statements would be included in the nurse's response? Select all that apply. A. "Amniotic fluid helps maintain your baby's body temperature." B. "The fetus ingests amniotic fluid for its nourishment." C. "Too little amniotic fluid is linked with placental problems." D. "Amniotic fluid keeps your baby free from any teratogens." E. "It acts like a cushion protecting your baby from trauma that may occur."

A,C,E

3. The nurse is teaching a couple about X-linked disorders because they are concerned that they might pass on hemophilia to their children. Which response indicates the need for further teaching? A. "The father can't be a carrier if he doesn't have hemophilia." B. "If the father doesn't have it, then his kids won't either." C. "If the mother is a carrier, her daughter could be one too." D. "If the mother is a carrier, her sons will have hemophilia."

B

5. The nurse is conducting a presentation for a young adult community group about fetal development and pregnancy. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the group identifies that the sex of offspring is determined at which time? A. during meiosis cell division B. at fertilization C. when the morula forms D. during oogenesis

B

7. Assessment of a pregnant woman reveals oligohydramnios. The nurse would be alert for the development of which condition? A. maternal diabetes B. placental insufficiency C. neural tube defects D. fetal gastrointestinal malformations

B

22. At a prenatal class, the participants ask the nurse who would benefit from genetic counseling. Which responses by the nurse are correct? Select all that apply. A. "A woman who is a grand multigravida." B. "A woman whose husband is age 50 years or older." C. "A woman who has been exposed to teratogens." D. "A young teenager experiencing her first pregnancy." E. "A woman who receives an abnormal alpha-fetoprotein result."

B,C,E

18. A client's recent prenatal ultrasound assessment reveals a normal placenta. Which outcomes would the nurse expect? Select all that apply. A. The placenta will filter out toxins that the mother ingests. B. The hormones made by the placenta support fetal growth. C. The placenta removes the fetal waste products such as stool. D. The placenta protects the fetus from an immune attack created by the mother. E. The placenta produces hormones that ready the fetus for extrauterine life.

B,D,E

20. A client at a prenatal class requests information on how the gender of a baby is determined. Which statement made by the nurse would be most accurate? A.) "Gender is determined by week 20 of gestation and depends on whether the ovum is fertilized by a Y-bearing or an X-bearing sperm." B.) "Gender is determined as the embryo is fertilized by a Y-bearing or an X-bearing sperm." C.) "Gender is determined at conception and depends on whether the ovum is fertilized by a Y- bearing or an X-bearing sperm." D.) "Gender is determined at conception and depends on whether the sperm is fertilized by a Y- bearing or X-bearing ovum."

C

6. During a prenatal visit, a pregnant woman says, "I know the amniotic fluid is important, but can you tell me more about it?" When describing amniotic fluid to a pregnant woman, which description would the nurse most likely include? A. "This fluid acts as transport mechanism for oxygen and nutrients." B. "The fluid is mostly protein to provide nourishment to your baby." C. "This fluid acts as a cushion to help to protect your baby from injury." D. "The amount of fluid remains fairly constant throughout the pregnancy."

C

1. The nurse is teaching a couple about the pros and cons of genetic testing. Which statement by the nurse best describes the limits of genetic testing? A. "Various genetic tests help the primary care provider choose appropriate treatments." B. "Genetic testing helps couples avoid having children with fatal diseases." C. "Genetic tests identify people at high risk for preventable conditions." D. "Some genetic tests can give a probability for developing a disorder."

D

11. Which mother is in the fetal stage of development? A. a pregnant mother who is one week pregnant B. a pregnant mother who is five weeks' pregnant C. a pregnant mother who is seven weeks' pregnant D. a pregnant mother who is thirty weeks' pregnant

D

13. When describing gender determination at a prenatal class, the nurse would include which statement? A. "Gender is determined when the primary oocyte completes its first mitotic division." B. "Gender is determined when the sperm and the oocyte undergo the process of mitosis." C. "Gender is determined when the ovum and the spermatozoon undergo the process of meiosis." D. "Gender is determined at fertilization when the ovum is fertilized."

D

2. The nurse is counseling a couple who suspect that they could bear a child with a genetic abnormality. What would be most important for the nurse to do when working with this family? A. Gather information for three generations. B. Inform the family of the need for information. C. Maintain the confidentiality of the information. D. Present the information in a factual, nondirective manner.

D

8. A couple comes to the clinic for preconception counseling and care. As part of the visit, the nurse teaches the couple about fertilization and initial development, stating that the zygote formed by the union of the ovum and sperm consists of how many chromosomes? A. 22 B. 23 C. 44 D. 46

D

9. After teaching a pregnant woman about the hormones produced by the placenta, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the woman identifies which hormone produced as being the basis for pregnancy tests? A. human placental lactogen (hPL) B. estrogen (estriol) C. progesterone (progestin) D. human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

D