World Geography Test Chapter 11

Led to rise of Communism

society based on equitable distribution of wealth, land, and public ownership of production

Seine River

source is in central France flows northwest through Paris and empties into the English Channel.

Devolution

the granting of self-rule to local and regional authorities

Mont Blanc

the highest park in the Alps.

Holocaust

the mass murder of 6 million Jews by Germany's Nazi regime during World War II

Communism

the theory that calls for economic equality and ownership of resources and factories by the state

trading community or bloc

unites much of Europe into one trading community or bloc, enjoys one of the largest volumes in trade in the world

Netherlands

uses some wind power

Christianity

was established as the major religion

Alps

The BLANK are a high and jagged mountain range that lies to the south of the Northern European Plain.

Great Britain, Ireland

The British Isles - two large islands of BLANK and BLANK

Foehns

a dry wind that blows from the leeward sides of mountains

Guest Workers

a foreign laborer living and working temporarily in another country

Avalanches

a large mass of ice, snow, and rock that slide down a mountain

1700's Enlightment

a move meant to value reason and question tradition

Mistral

a strong northerly wind from the Alps that can bring cold air to southern France

Kyoto Protocal

an amendment to the international treaty on climate change designed to reduce the amount of greenhouse gases emitted by specific countries

Industrial Capitalism

an economic system in which business leaders use profits to expand their companies

Agribusiness

an industry engaged in agriculture on a large scale

Northern European Plain or Great Plain

area of relatively flat and low-lying land

Rhone River

begins in the Swiss Alps and flows through Switzerland and France

Mediterranean

climate found in Southern France and Monaco

Northwest Europe

densely populated because of temperate climates, fertile soil, manufacturing and trade

Loess

fine yellowish, brownish top soil made up of particles of silt and clay, carried and deposited by the wind

Danube River

from Southern Germany's Black Forest through Austria and into Eastern Europe. Empties into Black Sea.

Dikes

large bank of earth and stone that holds back water

Loire River

longest river in France. A system of canals connects the river with both Seine and Rhone River systems.

Central Uplands

made up of low rounded mountains, hills, and high plateaus, with scattered forests

Rhine River

most important river in Northern Europe, flows from the Swiss Alps through France and Germany and into the Netherlands. Connects interior=r cities to the port of Rotterdam

Impressionists

moved outdoors to capture immediate experiences or impressions

Realism

prominent in 1800's, focused on realistic depiction of everyday life.

Protestant Reformation

religious reform movement that began in Germany. Decreased the power of Roman Catholic Church and introduced Protestation

Crusades (A.D. 1000)

religious wars against Islamic's states of the eastern Meditterranean

Religion; Hindus and Muslims

BLANK - Christianity is the primary language. Most people do not practice their faith in Europe. Growing numbers of BLANK and BLANK in the region.

Low hills, rolling plains

BLANK and BLANK dominate in the south and in Ireland

Netherlands; Belgium

BLANK and BLANK have highest population densities

Low birthrates

BLANK and higher life expectations have led to an older population

Growing Populations

BLANK and tourism cause environmental problems

Fertile soil, rivers

BLANK and wealth of BLANK drew farmers to the area.

Switzerland and the United Kingdom

BLANK are leaders in international banking and insurance

98% - 100%

BLANK are literate

Native seaweed and shellfish

BLANK compete with foreign species carried into local waterways

Pollution

BLANK contaminates marine and animal life and creates health hazards for humans

Air pollution

BLANK damages buildings, lakes, and rivers

Oil and Natural Gas

BLANK found in the North Sea

olives, citrus fruits, and grapes

BLANK grow in Meditrranean

Thames

BLANK in England, allows ships to reach London.

Tourism

BLANK is another large service industry

Aging

BLANK is starting to have a significant effect on demographics

World War I

BLANK made Germany pay all reparations for World War II

Peat Bogs

BLANK of Ireland serve as a source of fuel, especially in the rural countryside where it is used to heat homes

70%

BLANK of workers in service

1/6

BLANK of world's trade

Acid-resistant coating

BLANK on buildings, restrictions on older vehicles in Paris

Germanic Tribes

BLANK would invade and cause its collapse

Industrial Revolution

Beginning in the 1700s, rapid major change in the economy

Northern European Plain

Between the Alps and BLANK

Paris, London, Brussels, and Amsterdam

Cities located along navigable rivers like Thames and Seine. Ex BLANK

pollution

Countries have made efforts to clean up BLANK

equal work; work and family life

Countries support BLANK opportunities for women and promote public to balance BLANK

Mediterranean Sea

Countries that border the BLANK use it for waste disposal

Earth's crust

Created by the folding of BLANK BLANK and shaped by the glaciation, the alps mountain system forms a crescent that runs from Southern France through Switzerland and Austria

work space, water access, global trade

Educated BLANK, location BLANK, adaptability to changes in BLANK give the EU trade advantages over regions of the world.

healthcare

Education - Compulsory education and comprehensive BLANK and social services.

long, narrow, deep lakes

Eleven lakes surrounded the Alps. Most in valleys. They are BLANK and have provided good places for people to settle because of water power for industry and water routes for transportation. Also tourist destinations.

trade barriers and tariffs

Eliminates BLANK among member resources

democracy and social change

Encouraged BLANK in Northwestern Europe

Industrial Revolution

European birthplace of modern industry

Benelux, Germany, France

Fragmentation exists in the BLANK (Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg) countries, then BLANK and BLANK

Algeria and Morocco

France - attracted many immigrants as workers from BLANK and BLANK

coal and iron ore

Large deposits of BLANK sparked the development of industries

migration of wildlife

Limits the BLANK and causes some animal populations to become isolated

Romanticism

Lord Bryan and Ludwig Von Beethoven

Polders

Low - Lying area from which seawater has been drained to create new land

300

Most of Northeastern Europe lies within BLANK of a sea or ocean coast, so ocean transportation is important

Great Britain

1945, BLANK welcomed many immigrants from South Asia and the west Indies

The European Union

27 countries seeking economic unite. 16 of those countries use a common currency (euro)

East Germany; West Germany

Germany was divided into BLANK (communist) and BLANK (democratic). Reunited in 1990

Christianity

History and Government - A variety of ethnic groups came into contact with each other. influenced by BLANK

philophical

Idea of Progress became BLANK

Stretches

It BLANK from South eastern England and western France to central France and across Germany

Atlantic, North Sea, and the Baltic Sea

It has declined in the BLANK

one or more; Euskera

Languages - Most countries have BLANK official languages. A small number of people speak BLANK (Basque Language)

Marine west coast

Most of Northwestern Europe has BLANK climate that produces soils that are often rich in humus - a material formed from decaying leaves and other organic matter that makes soil extremely fertile.

deciduous; coniferous

Natural vegetation includes varieties of BLANK (lose leaves) in Marine West coast areas and BLANK (core-bearing tress) found in cooler, alpine areas up to the timberline, the elevation at which tress cannot grow.

25%

Netherlands - BLANK of land is below sea level. Coastal dunes do not always keep out the food waters.

waste

Northern and Western Europe generates considerable BLANK products

cool and iron ore; 1700's

Northwestern Europe's abundant supply of BLANK, fueled the development of modern industry in the BLANK. Being replaced by oil, natural gas, nuclear energy, and hydroelectricity.

Windmills

Once drained and kept dry by BLANK. Today pumps remove water by other power sources.

Roman Empire

Once part of the BLANK - built towns, roads, and cities throughout Europe and brought stability and property to the region

Eastern Medditerranean

Opened trade routes to the BLANK which resulted in the exchange of cultural ideas about economics and politics between Europe and Southwest Asia

Greece and Rome

Renaissance - New interest in the culture of ancient BLANK

British Isles

Rugged coastline of the BLANK BLANK features rocky cliffs that drop to deep bays.

quarries, forests

Some of them are extracted from BLANK and other operations within the sub region. Lots of population and land use changes.

1991

Soviet Union collapsed in BLANK

high-quality and communism

Supported by BLANK systems

transportation, trade and recreational activities

The many rivers flow across the sub region for BLANK

Cold War

The power struggle between the Soviet Union and the United States

agriculture, manufacturing, services, and technology

Various combinations of BLANK (banking, tourism, and high-tech industries)

rises, snow

When moist marine air reaches the Alps, it BLANK, and BLANK covers the Alps.