World History B Exam Review

Downfall of the Soviet Union

1) Anti-Assimilation - the soviets underestimated the degree to which the non-Russian ethnic they didn't want to be part of it 2) Economic Failure - Doesn't encourage people to be great and lagged technology and research. Soviet Union was in an arms race to stock pile nucs. 3) Idea of communism just didn't work - had a big front, but wan't that great

What are the causes and effects of the end of the Cold War?

1. Anti-Assimilation- The Soviets underestimated the degree which the non-Russians hated being apart of the Soviet Union​ 2. Economic Failure- Nobody was pushed to be great 3. The Idea of Communism- Had a big bad front, but wasn't that great.

What key factors allowed Britain to lead the way in the Industrial Revolution?

1. They had a large workforce because not as many people were needed on the farms 2. Natural Resources- they had rivers and ports and lots of coal and iron 3. Business Takes Off- they had a lot of Entrepreneurs (people who invested in businesses) Changing Textile, from cottage industry to factories making clothes 4. The Birth of Factories- factories output lots of products for cheap prices

How did nationalism contribute to changes in Africa and the Middle East following World War I?

Britain began promising land to Jews and Arabs. Neither side wanted to share the land.

How do developed, developing, and underdeveloped nation differ in population and environmental issues?

Developed Nation- percapita income= greater than $20,000 Developing Nation- percapita between $2,000- $20,000 Undeveloped Nation- percapita less than $2,000 There are many more kids born to people in undeveloped countries. The developed countries have the biggest carbon emissions in the world.

How did Gandhi and the Congress party work for independence in India?

Gandhi lead non-violent boycotts and practiced Civil Disobedience. He lead Salt Marches down to the ocean to get salt without taxes. People followed him into the water and they were arrested. Newspapers criticized Britain for harsh reaction.

How did Britain gradually extend its control over most of India, despite opposition?

Great Britain created the British East India Company. They .created armies with people name Sepoy (Indians who were loyal to companies) and they paid the Sepoy. They waited for the right time, then attacked.

Why have conflicts plagued some African countries?

HIV, Imperialism, a corrupt government, and ethnic cleansing hurt Africa. They don't have any natural resources left, and they are a very undeveloped country.

How did Stalin transform the Soviet Union into a totalitarian state?

He said he would fix the economy and everyone would be equal. 5 year modernization plan and he built industry and agriculture.

Explain Napoleon's rise to power in Europe, his subsequent defeat, and how the outcome still affects Europe today.

He was a REALLY good general who never lost. They elected him, Emperor of the French. He tried to conquer too much land and was forced to step down. He lost his final battle at Waterloo. He helped with other revolutions. He redrew the borders.

How did Hitler and the Nazi party establish and maintain a totalitarian government in Germany?

Hitler promised to make a change and rose to power because they were economically hurting.

How did Latin American nations struggle for stability, and how did industrialized nations affect them?

Imperialism, colonization, unstable govs, and drugs

How did China cope with internal division and foreign invasion prior to WWII?

It caused them to unite.

How did Japan become a modern industrial power, and what did it do with its new strength?

Matthew Perry started bombing some ships in Tokyo for "fun" and Japan embraced it and wanted the same technology.

How and why did fascism rise in Europe?

Mussolini promised to make them great. He promised to fix their economy.

Which regions were attacked and occupied by the Axis powers, and what was life like under their occupation?

Poland, Austria, Czechoslovakia, and France fell to them. All jews were sent to concentration camps and put to work.

Why and how did World War I begin in 1914?

Princip, a member of the Black Hand, and assassinated Franz Ferdinand. Alliances were also formed. The Central Powers and the Allied Powers. Also MAIN M: militarism A: alliances I: imperialism N: nationalism Everyone exhibited this and in the end, it caused World War 1

What events helped bring about the Industrial Revolution?

The 2nd Agricultural Revolution: -fertilizer, crop rotation, seed drill, and wealthy landowner consolidation All of this lead to a food surplus which caused population growth and job specialization.

How did two revolutions and a civil war bring about Communist control of Russia?

The Bolsheviks took over Russia's government and brought about Communism. Russia became known as the Soviet Union.

What issues arose in the aftermath of WWII and how did new tensions develop?

The Cold War arose, and everyone had to choose between Communism and Democracy. Everyone was afraid of a nuclear attack.

What were the social effects of the Industrial Revolution?

The Entrepreneurs and Industrial middle class were fine. The Industrial working class suffered. They and their kids worked all day in factories and mines. They were paid little to none. They lived in tenements and had no running water or plumbing. There was garbage in the streets and sewage was dumped into the river and contaminated it.

What political and economic challenges did the leading democracies face in the 1920s and 1930s?

The Great Depression was happening and it affected all of the countries. This caused powerful leaders to rise.

What are the causes of conflict in the Middle East?

The Israeli and Palestinian conflict cause many issues. Along with large debt and oil issues. There are also many terrorist groups that are causing much tension.

What factors influenced the peace treaties that ended World War I, and how did people react to the treaties?

The League of Nations was created to prevent future wars. Also, the Treaty of Versailles was made to punish Germany. Germany hated it and the US didn't love it, but Italy, France, and Britain did.

What were the military and political consequences of the Cold War in the Soviet Union, Europe, and the United States?

The Soviet Union went bankrupt. The US didn't want to start another World War. Nobody wanted it.

How did Enlightenment ideas lead to cultural and political change, including revolutions throughout the world?

The philosophers and the printing press helped spread ideas. Once the people heard about them, they were determined to reach the new cultural, and political changes. It inspired revolutions.

Why did industrialization and reform come more slowly to Russia than to Western Europe?

Their Tsars imprisoned critics and exiled reformers. They didn't want to lose power. They had Feudalism and their serfs were sent to factories to work, but their masters took all the money. They didn't have warm water ports and lost the Crimean War.

How and why has China emerged as an Economic world power?

They burn lots of fossil fuels in order to get their economy on track.

How did imperialist European powers claim control over most of Africa by the end of the 1800s?

They fought and took over all the land (except Ethiopia and Liberia) with their new weapons they created. They had the Berlin Conference to split up the land. What ended up happening was whoever got to the land first, colonized it. They had the Industrial Revolution and needed the resources.

How did Japan change in the 1920's and 1930's?

They get rid of Western ideas, brought back their emperor, and experienced Ultranationalism.

How did Western powers use diplomacy and war to gain power in Qing China?

They were selling Opium to the Chinese merchants. They fought The Opium War, the Western powers won and showed the used to be big power was beatable. The Taiping Rebellion was a revolt that would have worked but the Europeans like the gov. The Boxer Rebellion was one last attempt to throw out foreigners and they lost which showed the world that China was very beatable yet again.

What were the causes and effects of the French Revolution?

They were so in debt because only the 3rd estate had to pay taxes. The rich people didn't have to. After the French Revolution was the Congress of Vienna. Other countries wanted to stop the uprisings. It inspired the Latin American Revolution.

Who were the key revolutionaries that led the movements for independence in Latin America, and what were their accomplishments?

Toussant L'Overture- He escaped slavery and started a rebellion in Haiti Father Miguel Hidalgo- He wanted freedom for Mexico Simon Bolivar- Saw his chance to free Venezuela after French takeover Napoleon- When he ousted Spanish king, the colonies saw their chance to fight back.

How and where was World War I fought?

World War 1 was fought using Trench Warfare. It was fought in Europe.

Glasnost

freedom to speak and say whatever they want. They lashed out.

Perestroika

rebuilding the economic program.