World History; Chapter 14

Jean-Baptiste Colbert

Louis XIV appointed _______as his minister of finance.

Petition of Right

Parliament drew up a document called the _______; it stated that the King did not have the right to make people pay taxes without Parliamentary consent

James

Since____ had financial problems, he was forced to call Parliament into session and ask for additional funds.

Protectorate

Taking the title Lord Protector, Cromwell established what is called the _____.

Absolute

European rulers worked to make their political power ________ (unlimited and unrestrained).

Because parliament had existed before they brought absolutism in and the king had to go to parliament to get what they wanted; They needed to go to parliament to get an approval of taxes so it was going back and forth between the king and parliament

Explain why absolutism was not successful in England

Prussia, Russia, and Austria

Through secret negotiation, ______, ______, _______, agreed to partition Poland among themselves until Poland finally disappeared from the map of Europe.

Cardinal Richelieu

became Louis XIII's chief minister

Romanov

After Ivan's death, the _______ family came to the throne.

French

Britain would attempt to defeat the ________ in North America and India.

Grand Alliance

England and the Netherlands formed the ________to block Louis's actions.

France and Britain

Fighting broke out between ________ and _______ in the New World.

Diplomatic Revolution

France became allies of Austria instead of Prussia which was called the ______________.

Glorious Revolution

Leaders of Parliament invited William of Orange to come to England and take the throne. This was called the "bloodless" or __________ when Parliament dethroned the king.

Pragmatic Sanction

The _________ was designed to prevent Austria's neighbors from taking advantage of Maria Theresa once she came to the Austrian throne.

Philip

The king of Spain died, leaving no direct heir except _____, who was also the grandson of Louis XIV of France.

restoration

The reestablishment of the Stuart monarchy is called the ______.

The War of Spanish Succession The War of Austrian Succession The Seven Years War

The three major wars:

Divine right

They asserted that God had established their authority; therefore, they ruled by _________.

Oliver Cromwell

Under the leadership of ________, the Roundheads defeated Charles

Cavaliers and Roundheads

What were the two sides of the English Civil War?

France, Britain, and Spain

______, _______, _______, signed the Treaty of Paris ending the Seven Year's War.

Nations

________ formed alliances in an effort to preserve the balance of power.

Cabinet

________ government first began during the reign of Charles II, who often called his closest advisors to his office—called a "_______"—to discuss matters of state.

France

________ lost all territory on the mainland of North America. Britain acquired all of Canada and French territory east of the Mississippi.

France

________ lost most of its commercial holdings in India.

Frederick II of Prussia

_________ had no intention of honoring the agreement and invaded the province of Silesia.

Britain

_________ supplied Prussia financial aid to keep French troops preoccupied in Europe.

Louis XIV

appointed Jean-Baptiste Colbert (1619-83) as his minister of finance; revoked the Edict of Nantes in 1685. took the sun as the symbol of his reign; to show his power and splendor, ______ had a great palace (Versailles) built

Brandenburg-Prussia

became the strongest of the German states

Frederick II

become known as Frederick "the Great," the greatest soldier of his day.

Peter I

began a westernization and modernization program in Russia

Peace of Westphalia

contained two important provisions; treaty recognized the independence of the Protestant provinces of the Netherlands and the Swiss confederacy; treaty recognized more than three hundred independent German states and reaffirmed the principle that each prince would determine the religion of his territory

Gustavus Adolphus

king of Sweden, rescued the Protestant cause.

Bill of Rights

limited royal power

Thirty Year's War

the last great religious war fought in Europe

Ivan "the terrible"

took the title of czar

Frederick William

was called "the Great Elector" because he became the most powerful of the German princes, who elected the emperor