WRWDQ 10

estimates of the number of people killed by fires form car rollovers

180 deaths per year

regulatory capture

A situation in which bureaucrats favor the interests of the groups or corporations they are supposed to regulate at the expense of the general public.

What was the result of Ford Pinto's 1970 crash test result?

All the prototypes failed the 20-mph test. Ruptured gas tanks and dangerous leaks. The only Pintos to pass the test has been modified in some way.

Explain how Ford's Benefits and Costs calculations convinced Ford not to implement any safety improvements

Benefits are in perspective of insurance companies (benefit check) and cost is to Ford. The benefits outlined was saving 180 burn deaths, 180 burn injuries, and 2100 burned vehicles. Approximately unit cost was $200,000 per death, $67,000 per injury, and $700 per vehicle coming to a total benefit of $49.5 million. The costs were 11 million cars, 1.5 million light trucks. $11 per car, $11 per truck to a total of $137.5 million. Thus, the costs of the suggested safety improvement outweigh their benefits.

Ford officials were faced with which two choices for the Pinto? What were the potential consequences of each of the two choices?

Either go ahead with existing designing and meeting production timetable, but jeopardizing consumer safety, or they delay production by redesigning the gas tank to make it safer

the cost of technical improvement that would prevent gas tanks from leaking in rollover accidents

Ford engineers estimated the cost of technical improvements that would prevent gas tanks from leaking in rollover accidents to be $11 per vehicle.

Watch the video "Our groundwater connection." Explain how pesticides, fertilizers, and carcinogens can pollute our groundwater and our drinking water.

Groundwater pollution travels in cloud forms but they travel through layers of the soil and get into the ground water level. They can get into our drinking water when wells get the water we use to drink. We won't notice the chemicals because they don't have an odor or color.

each time a person is killed in a car accident in Ford's internal "Fatalities with Crash-Induced Fuel Leakage and Fires" report.

In 1972, it estimated that society loses $200,725 every time a person is killed in an auto accident

What recall did Ford implement in 1978?

In 1978 Ford was obligated to recall all 1971-76 Pintos for fuel tank modifications.

What happened on 10 August 1978?

On August 10, 1978, eighteen-year-old Judy Ulrich, her sixteen-year-old sister Lynn, and their eighteen-year-old cousin Donna, in their 1973 Ford Pinto, were struck from the rear by a van near Elkhart, Indiana. The gas tank of the Pinto exploded on impact. In the fire that resulted, the three teenagers were burned to death. Ford was charged with criminal homicide. The judge in the case advised jurors that Ford should be convicted if it had clearly disregarded the harm that might result from its actions, and that disregard represented a substantial deviation from acceptable standards of conduct. On March 13, 1980, the jury found Ford not guilty of criminal homicide.

What kind of modification did the Ford Pintos that passed the 1970 crash test include?

Rubber bladder in the gas tank or a piece of steel between the tank and rear bumper

What kind of employee did the Beim report recommend the NY Federal Reserve hire? Why?

That meant hiring "out of box" thinkers even at the risk of getting "disruptive personalities". It called for expert examiners who could contrarian, ask difficult questions and challenging the prevailing orthodoxy.

Explain the Ford Pinto's involvement in fire-related death between 1971 and 1978.

The Pinto was responsible for a number of fire-related deaths. Ford puts the figure at 23; critics say figure is closer to 500. According to the sworn testimony of Ford engineers, 95 percent of the fatalities would have survived if Ford had located the fuel tank over the axle.

According to the Beim report, what are the biggest problems facing the NY Federal Reserve?

The new york fed has become too risk averse and deferential to the banks it supervised. Its examiners feared contradicting bosses, who too often forced their findings into an institutional consensus that watered down much of what they did.

What role did Ford's own lobbyists play in the government's crash test standards?

Their lobbyists were responsible for delaying for 7 years the adoption of any NHTSA crash standard.

How does L'Oreal videos perceived as ethical

They are saying things that human beings should have

What did Ford decide to do for the next six years? What was the reasoning behind Ford's decision

They decided to push ahead with the original design. The used cost-benefit reasoning, which is an analysis in monetary terms of the expected cost and benefits of doing something.

How was the gas tank placement design of the European and Japanese cars that were in the Ford Pinto's price and weight range?

They had safer gas-tank position and much better than the Pinto.

what standard did the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration adopt in 1976? How did this standard impact the Pinto?

adopted a 30-mph collision standard in 1976. The pinto then acquired a rupture-proof fuel tank.

How does L'Oreal videos build trust that could backfire

it can be hard for people to accept compliments, internal contradiction of being. amakeup brand vs not judging yourself