105 chapter 31

________ is essential for the growth and development of bones, muscles, and other organs in children.

growth hormone

The condition of having an excessive amount of glucose (sugar) in the blood is called ________.

hyperglycemia

The thymus functions as an endocrine gland but is also part of the ________ system.

lymphatic

Androgens are hormones that promote the development of ________ characteristics.

male

Which hormone stimulates the mammary glands to produce milk after childbirth? Prolactin Oxytocin Cortisol Growth hormone

prolactin

Most of the structures and glands of the endocrine system develop during the first ________ months of pregnancy.

three

The adrenal glands are located on the ________ of each kidney.

top

In hyperthyroidism, the thyroid produces inadequate amounts of the thyroid hormones. T or F

false

Lipolysis is defined as the destruction of ________.

fats

A glandular tumor is called a(n) ________.

adenoma

Which of the following hormones stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce its hormones? Adrenocorticotropic hormone Corticotropin-releasing hormone Prolactin hormone Melanocyte-stimulating hormone

adrenocorticotropic hormone

Which hormone aids in the digestion of fatty acids? Gastrin Enterogastrone Cholecystokinin Secretin

cholecystokinin

Melatonin is called the "body clock" because it helps regulate ________ rhythm.

circadian

Cardiomegaly is a(n) ________.

enlarged heart

________, which is secreted by the adrenal glands, dilates bronchial tubes.

epinephrine

Which of the following is NOT one of the three types of cells making up the islets of Langerhans? Delta Alpha Epsilon Beta

epsilon

________ controls skin pigmentation in the epidermis. All of these Prolactin Melanocyte-stimulating hormone Luteinizing hormone

melanocyte stimulating hormone

Graves' disease is the ________ of hyperthyroidism.

most common form

The ________ produce estrogen and progesterone.

ovaries

Which gland is called the "master gland" because it regulates all the other endocrine glands? Thyroid gland Adrenal gland Pituitary gland Parathyroid gland

pituitary gland

Present only during pregnancy, the ________ produces human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) hormone, estrogen, and progesterone.

placenta

Which of the following is NOT one of the primary glands of the endocrine system? Thyroid Pituitary Salivary Parathyroid

salivary

Cortisol is a(n) ________ secreted by the adrenal cortex.

steroid

The pyloric area between the ________ and the small intestine secretes the hormone gastrin.

stomach

The testes are located in the male scrotum and produce the male hormone ________, which is essential for the normal growth and development of the male accessory sex organs.

testosterone

Hormones are the chemical messengers that regulate sexual function in both males and females. T or F

true

Patients with type 1 diabetes are dependent on insulin injections for the duration of their lives. T or F

true

The endocrine system is made up of glands and the hormones they secrete. T or F

true

The most common form of diabetes is ________.

type 2 diabetes

Which of the following is NOT one of the symptoms of elevated thyroid levels? Weight gain Frequent bowel movements Nervousness Heart palpitations

weight gain