1.4 FAMILY LIFE CYCLE
family
Almost 50% of Americans say that their ____ is the greatest influence on their health.
Unattached Young Adult
Anticipated problems o Emotional: Psychosomatic Depression
Unattached Young Adult
Anticipated problems o Fiancé pressure
Unattached Young Adult
Anticipated problems o Social: Peer Pressure (vices)
Newly Married Couple
Anticipated problems o Medical: - Early Pregnancy - STDs - Gynecologic - Infertility
Newly Married Couple
Anticipated problems: o Emotional/Social: - Depression - Jealousy - Adjustment to being a spouse - Problems with in-laws - Financial
Adaptation
Key element in studying of families
Genetics
"There are certain predispositions to certain disease dependent on your genes, e.g. hypertension, diabetes, and certain types of cancer".
Individual Lifecycle
"You have different milestones to achieve or is expected of you or developmental changes before going to the next stage."
Launching Family
Start: when 1st child leaves home
FIRST ORDER CHANGES
Tasks must be accomplished by the family and family members working within the stage of the Family Life Cycle
Newly Married Couple
1st order changes: o Establishing residence o Financial stability o Mutually satisfying sexual relations o Proper communication o Planning for a family
Family with Young Children
1st order changes: o Improved residence o Financial stability o Maintain proper communication and sexual relations
STAGES OF FAMILY LIFE CYCLE
1. Leaving Home: Unattached Young Adult 2. Newly Married Couple 3. Family with Young Children 4. Family with Adolescents 5. Launching Family 6. Family in Later Years
Family with Adolescents
1st order change o Increasing flexibility of boundaries to include children's independence
Launching Family
1st order change: o Multiple entries and exits within the family system
Family with Young Children
2nd order change o Acceptance of parents
Launching Family
2nd order changes o Renegotiation of marital system into a dyad o Development of adult-adult relationships between child and parents o Re-alignment of relationships to include in-laws and grandchildren o Dealing with disabilities, deaths of family members
Family with Adolescents
2nd order changes o Shifting of parent-child relationships to permit adolescent to move in and out of the system o Re-focus on midlife marital and career issues o Beginning shift toward taking care of older generation
Newly Married Couple
2nd order changes: o Formation of marital system o Realignment of relationships - Extended families - Friends - Spouse
SECOND ORDER CHANGES
A "NEED TO BE" something new
FIRST ORDER CHANGES
A "NEED TO DO" something new
Family Life Cycle
A CONCEPTUAL TOOL for understanding family development.
Life Cycle
A SERIES OF DIFFERENT STAGES one undergoes for proper development
Lifecycle
A series of different stages one undergoes for proper development
Family Life Cycle
A set of PREDICTABLE STEPS or PATTERNS AND DEVELOPMENT TASKS families undergo within a given time frame.
Family Stage
A time period in the life of a family that has a unique structure
Unattached Young Adult
Accepting of parent-offspring separation
FIRST ORDER CHANGES
Additions to existing state of the individual's self and family
Adaptation
It molds the identity of the individual
Individual Lifecycle
Biological stages a person undergoes
Family with Adolescents
Changes: children -> puberty; parents -> middle life
Family with Young Children
Changes: wife -> mother; husband -> father
FIRST ORDER CHANGES
Do not involve change in the main structure of the family
Six-stage Cycle
Each stage has to be studied in relation to its components: o Developmental tasks o Patterns of behavior o Process of transition
Family Life Cycle
Each stage is associated with a certain development task in order for the family to proceed to next stage.
Family in Later Years
Elderly parents should accept shifting of generational goals - from parents taking care of children to children taking care of parents
Family in Later Years
End: death of parents
Launching Family
End: when last child leaves home
Family Life Cycle
Events of _____ can be RELATED TO CLINICAL EVENTS AND TO HEALTH MAINTENANCE of the family
SECOND ORDER CHANGES
Example: o A change that is present when a family moves into the stage of birth of the first child, husband becomes the father and wife becomes the mother of a dependent sibling
FIRST ORDER CHANGES
Example: o A change that is present when a family moves to a new residence
FIRST ORDER CHANGES
Example: o An unattached young adult needs to develop independence from his or her parents
modifications
FAMILY LIFE CYCLE - Many authors have suggested a considerable number of ______
1930s to 1940s
FAMILY LIFE CYCLE - Wide range of variation as to its formulation beginning in the ___
CYCLIC DEVELOPMENT
Family Life Cycle Presents ______ of the evolving family unit.
marital relationship
Family Life Cycle shows the evolution of the ______.
Unattached Young Adult
First order changes: Extending social contact outside the home
Unattached Young Adult
First order changes: Tasks to be done: employment, living accommodations
INDIVIDUAL MEDICINE
Focuses on: - Eating Habits - Improve nutritional intake - Exercise advice
FAMILY LIFE CYCLE
It provides a PREDICTABLE, CHRONOLOGICALLY ORIENTED SEQUENCE OF EVENTS in family life
Fetus, Infant, Child, Adolescent, Adult, Elderly
Individual Lifecycle Stages:
Family Medicine
Individual Medicine Focus: - Eating habits of family members - Exercise in other family members - How to encourage patient/rest of family to maintain healthy lifestyle
FIRST ORDER CHANGES
Involve increments of mastery and adaptation
Family Life Cycle
It analyzes and predicts how illness will affect family psychodynamics and give appropriate psychosocial support.
Family Life Cycle
It delineates various development stages in the status of families and describes the manner in which a family is functioning.
FAMILY LIFE CYCLE
It involves a sequence of STRESSFUL CHANGES THAT REQUIRES COMPENSATING OR RECIPROCAL READJUSTMENTS by the family to MAINTAIN VIABILITY
SECOND ORDER CHANGES
It involves transformation of the individual status and meaning
Family Life Cycle
It is a normal process that is occurring in every family development.
Six-stage Cycle
Lauer & Lauer, 2004; Goldenberg & Goldenberg, cited in Harder 2002
Unattached Young Adult
Leaving Home: Start of the family life cycle
Six-stage Cycle
Most widely used family cycle model
SECOND ORDER CHANGES
Occur between stages of the Family Life Cycle o Change in the very basic attributes of the family system
Adaptation
Occurs as one family members moves through the different stages over a period of time
Family in Later Years
Start: departure of last child
Family with Young Children
Start: pregnancy with first child
Family Life Cycle
Represents composite of the individual developmental changes of family members.
Unattached Young Adult
Second order changes: Development of intimate peer relationship
Unattached Young Adult
Second order changes: Differentiation of self, Establishment of work
Financiers/Decision makers
Sometimes in the family, the family member that finances the health of the patient is the one that becomes the decision maker
Family Life Cycle
Stages are defined in terms of the PRESENCE AND AGES OF CHILDREN in the families and the demarcation points involve SIGNIFICANT FAMILY EVENTS
Family life cycle
Stages are defined in terms of the PRESENCE AND AGES OF CHILDREN in the families and the demarcation points involve SIGNIFICANT FAMILY EVENTS (such as marriage or birth of a child)
Transition
The shift from one family stage to another
SECOND ORDER CHANGES
There is a change in the role and identity of the family members
Newly Married Couple
There is a commitment to a new system (marital)
Family Life Cycle
These include the emotional, psychosocial, and physical changes attendant on each step.
Family with Adolescents
Transition stage
Newly Married Couple
Transition stage - "joining of families"
INFLUENCE OF FAMILY ON HEALTH
o Genetics o Source of Information o Financiers/Decision makers o Support group o Cause of illness o Role Models
Unattached Young Adult
o Medical: STDs/ Unwanted Pregnancy