1.4 FAMILY LIFE CYCLE

family

Almost 50% of Americans say that their ____ is the greatest influence on their health.

Unattached Young Adult

Anticipated problems o Emotional: Psychosomatic Depression

Unattached Young Adult

Anticipated problems o Fiancé pressure

Unattached Young Adult

Anticipated problems o Social: Peer Pressure (vices)

Newly Married Couple

Anticipated problems o Medical: - Early Pregnancy - STDs - Gynecologic - Infertility

Newly Married Couple

Anticipated problems: o Emotional/Social: - Depression - Jealousy - Adjustment to being a spouse - Problems with in-laws - Financial

Adaptation

Key element in studying of families

Genetics

"There are certain predispositions to certain disease dependent on your genes, e.g. hypertension, diabetes, and certain types of cancer".

Individual Lifecycle

"You have different milestones to achieve or is expected of you or developmental changes before going to the next stage."

Launching Family

Start: when 1st child leaves home

FIRST ORDER CHANGES

Tasks must be accomplished by the family and family members working within the stage of the Family Life Cycle

Newly Married Couple

1st order changes: o Establishing residence o Financial stability o Mutually satisfying sexual relations o Proper communication o Planning for a family

Family with Young Children

1st order changes: o Improved residence o Financial stability o Maintain proper communication and sexual relations

STAGES OF FAMILY LIFE CYCLE

1. Leaving Home: Unattached Young Adult 2. Newly Married Couple 3. Family with Young Children 4. Family with Adolescents 5. Launching Family 6. Family in Later Years

Family with Adolescents

1st order change o Increasing flexibility of boundaries to include children's independence

Launching Family

1st order change: o Multiple entries and exits within the family system

Family with Young Children

2nd order change o Acceptance of parents

Launching Family

2nd order changes o Renegotiation of marital system into a dyad o Development of adult-adult relationships between child and parents o Re-alignment of relationships to include in-laws and grandchildren o Dealing with disabilities, deaths of family members

Family with Adolescents

2nd order changes o Shifting of parent-child relationships to permit adolescent to move in and out of the system o Re-focus on midlife marital and career issues o Beginning shift toward taking care of older generation

Newly Married Couple

2nd order changes: o Formation of marital system o Realignment of relationships - Extended families - Friends - Spouse

SECOND ORDER CHANGES

A "NEED TO BE" something new

FIRST ORDER CHANGES

A "NEED TO DO" something new

Family Life Cycle

A CONCEPTUAL TOOL for understanding family development.

Life Cycle

A SERIES OF DIFFERENT STAGES one undergoes for proper development

Lifecycle

A series of different stages one undergoes for proper development

Family Life Cycle

A set of PREDICTABLE STEPS or PATTERNS AND DEVELOPMENT TASKS families undergo within a given time frame.

Family Stage

A time period in the life of a family that has a unique structure

Unattached Young Adult

Accepting of parent-offspring separation

FIRST ORDER CHANGES

Additions to existing state of the individual's self and family

Adaptation

It molds the identity of the individual

Individual Lifecycle

Biological stages a person undergoes

Family with Adolescents

Changes: children -> puberty; parents -> middle life

Family with Young Children

Changes: wife -> mother; husband -> father

FIRST ORDER CHANGES

Do not involve change in the main structure of the family

Six-stage Cycle

Each stage has to be studied in relation to its components: o Developmental tasks o Patterns of behavior o Process of transition

Family Life Cycle

Each stage is associated with a certain development task in order for the family to proceed to next stage.

Family in Later Years

Elderly parents should accept shifting of generational goals - from parents taking care of children to children taking care of parents

Family in Later Years

End: death of parents

Launching Family

End: when last child leaves home

Family Life Cycle

Events of _____ can be RELATED TO CLINICAL EVENTS AND TO HEALTH MAINTENANCE of the family

SECOND ORDER CHANGES

Example: o A change that is present when a family moves into the stage of birth of the first child, husband becomes the father and wife becomes the mother of a dependent sibling

FIRST ORDER CHANGES

Example: o A change that is present when a family moves to a new residence

FIRST ORDER CHANGES

Example: o An unattached young adult needs to develop independence from his or her parents

modifications

FAMILY LIFE CYCLE - Many authors have suggested a considerable number of ______

1930s to 1940s

FAMILY LIFE CYCLE - Wide range of variation as to its formulation beginning in the ___

CYCLIC DEVELOPMENT

Family Life Cycle Presents ______ of the evolving family unit.

marital relationship

Family Life Cycle shows the evolution of the ______.

Unattached Young Adult

First order changes: Extending social contact outside the home

Unattached Young Adult

First order changes: Tasks to be done: employment, living accommodations

INDIVIDUAL MEDICINE

Focuses on: - Eating Habits - Improve nutritional intake - Exercise advice

FAMILY LIFE CYCLE

It provides a PREDICTABLE, CHRONOLOGICALLY ORIENTED SEQUENCE OF EVENTS in family life

Fetus, Infant, Child, Adolescent, Adult, Elderly

Individual Lifecycle Stages:

Family Medicine

Individual Medicine Focus: - Eating habits of family members - Exercise in other family members - How to encourage patient/rest of family to maintain healthy lifestyle

FIRST ORDER CHANGES

Involve increments of mastery and adaptation

Family Life Cycle

It analyzes and predicts how illness will affect family psychodynamics and give appropriate psychosocial support.

Family Life Cycle

It delineates various development stages in the status of families and describes the manner in which a family is functioning.

FAMILY LIFE CYCLE

It involves a sequence of STRESSFUL CHANGES THAT REQUIRES COMPENSATING OR RECIPROCAL READJUSTMENTS by the family to MAINTAIN VIABILITY

SECOND ORDER CHANGES

It involves transformation of the individual status and meaning

Family Life Cycle

It is a normal process that is occurring in every family development.

Six-stage Cycle

Lauer & Lauer, 2004; Goldenberg & Goldenberg, cited in Harder 2002

Unattached Young Adult

Leaving Home: Start of the family life cycle

Six-stage Cycle

Most widely used family cycle model

SECOND ORDER CHANGES

Occur between stages of the Family Life Cycle o Change in the very basic attributes of the family system

Adaptation

Occurs as one family members moves through the different stages over a period of time

Family in Later Years

Start: departure of last child

Family with Young Children

Start: pregnancy with first child

Family Life Cycle

Represents composite of the individual developmental changes of family members.

Unattached Young Adult

Second order changes: Development of intimate peer relationship

Unattached Young Adult

Second order changes: Differentiation of self, Establishment of work

Financiers/Decision makers

Sometimes in the family, the family member that finances the health of the patient is the one that becomes the decision maker

Family Life Cycle

Stages are defined in terms of the PRESENCE AND AGES OF CHILDREN in the families and the demarcation points involve SIGNIFICANT FAMILY EVENTS

Family life cycle

Stages are defined in terms of the PRESENCE AND AGES OF CHILDREN in the families and the demarcation points involve SIGNIFICANT FAMILY EVENTS (such as marriage or birth of a child)

Transition

The shift from one family stage to another

SECOND ORDER CHANGES

There is a change in the role and identity of the family members

Newly Married Couple

There is a commitment to a new system (marital)

Family Life Cycle

These include the emotional, psychosocial, and physical changes attendant on each step.

Family with Adolescents

Transition stage

Newly Married Couple

Transition stage - "joining of families"

INFLUENCE OF FAMILY ON HEALTH

o Genetics o Source of Information o Financiers/Decision makers o Support group o Cause of illness o Role Models

Unattached Young Adult

o Medical: STDs/ Unwanted Pregnancy