(1.8) Research and Methods

Experimental Group

Group that receives the experimental treatment

Control Group

Group used for comparison that doesn't receive experimental treatment

Step 3

Hypothesis

A researcher wants to find out how much anxiety 11th graders in American high schools experience while taking the ACT examination.

Independent Variable : the ACT examination Dependent Variable : anxiety Population : American high schools Sample : 11th graders

Why is a longitudinal study better than a cross-sectional study for examining how many years cancer survivors stay in remission?

Longitudinal studies allow you to study changes over time

Variable

Something that is likely to change

Why is a survey better than a case study to find out people's preferences for wearing certain shoe brands?

Surveys allow many people to report their personal opinions

A good sample _________.

allows you to generalize results

Step 6

Communication

Which are examples of a population and its potential sample?

- All Men: Heart Attack Survivors - Family: Teenager - Smokers: People Who Have Lung Cancer - Orchestra: Woodwind Players

Sample

A group of people selected from a population

Population

A whole group of people

A researcher wants to find out if children have higher levels of aggression if they play violent video games. What is the dependent variable?

Aggression

What is the purpose of using the Scientific Method?

All of the above

Step 5

Analysis

Scientific Method

Experimental method used to find fact and separate opinions

Step 1

Observation

A researcher wants to study finches in their natural habitat. What type of qualitative research method is best to use?

Observational

Step 2

Research

Qualitative

Research that explores the "why" and "how" of situations

Step 4

Test

A researcher conducts an experiment to find out how many people experience "brain freeze" after eating a cold dessert. One group of people are given ice cream cones to eat, and the other group is given pie to eat. Which group is the experimental group?

The people who are given ice cream to eat.

A hypothesis allows you to predict the potential outcome of your research.

True

A ________ is a type of variable that is not accounted for in a research experiment.

confounding variable