21.1-21.9

The respiratory defense system is important because it keeps out debris. helps warm the air. helps filter the air. keeps out pathogens. All of the answers are correct.

All

Each terminal bronchiole supplies air directly to about 6500 bronchioles. over 150 million alveoli. a single pulmonary lobule. several alveolar sacs. a single alveolar duct.

a single pulmonary lobule.

The conchae

create turbulence in the air to trap particulate matter in mucus.

Absorption of O2 from blood and release of CO2 from tissue cells is known as alveolar ventilation. external respiration. pulmonary ventilation. internal respiration. gas diffusion.

internal respiration

The glottis is the opening to the pharynx. part of the hard palate. the soft tissue that hangs off the end of the soft palate. a flap of elastic cartilage. the opening to the larynx.

the opening to the larynx.

Air entering the body is filtered, warmed, and humidified by the lungs. lower respiratory tract. upper respiratory tract. alveoli. bronchioles.

upper respiratory tract.

Damage to the type II pneumocytes of the lungs would result in a loss of surfactant. a decreased rate of gas exchange. increased tendency to alveolar collapse. increased surface tension in the alveoli. All of the answers are correct.

All

During swallowing, the epiglottis folds back over the glottis. solids and liquids are prevented from entering the respiratory tract. the larynx is elevated. All of the answers are correct. None of the answers is correct.

All

During a choking episode, most foreign objects are more likely to become lodged in the ________ bronchus due to its larger diameter and steeper angle. right primary right secondary left secondary left primary None of the answers are more likely.

Right primary

If the fluid bond between the parietal and visceral pleura is broken and the lung collapses, the resulting condition is termed anaplasia. metaplasia. atelectasis. emphysema. apnea.

atelectasis.

The auditory tubes open into the larynx. nasal cavity. oropharynx. nasopharynx. laryngopharynx.

nasopharynx.

The laryngeal cartilage composed of elastic cartilage that prevents entry of solids or liquids into the larynx when swallowing is the corniculate cartilage. thyroid cartilage. epiglottis. cricoid cartilage. arytenoid cartilage.

epiglottis.

The trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli all make up the alveoli of the respiratory tract. respiratory mucosa. lower respiratory tract. upper respiratory tract. internal respiratory tract.

lower respiratory tract.

Tension on the vocal cords is regulated by the contraction of laryngeal muscles. extrinsic ligaments. movement of the arytenoid cartilages. movement of the arytenoid cartilages and contraction of voluntary muscles. None of the answers is correct.

movement of the arytenoid cartilages and contraction of voluntary muscles.

The beating of the cilia of the respiratory passages in the direction of the pharynx forms the lamina propria. mucus escalator. respiratory mucosa. conducting portion of the respiratory tract. respiratory defense system.

mucus escalator.

Starting at the ________, the epithelium changes to stratified squamous epithelium. larynx trachea nasopharynx nasal cavity oropharynx

oropharynx

The common passageway shared by the respiratory and digestive systems is the larynx. vestibule. glottis. trachea. pharynx.

pharynx.

Which structure is located most superior at the hilum of the left lung? pulmonary artery pulmonary veins primary bronchus oblique fissure

pulmonary artery

In the lower respiratory tract, cartilage plates first appear at the tertiary bronchi. secondary bronchi. bronchioles. primary bronchi. terminal bronchioles.

secondary bronchi.

Air traveling from the tertiary bronchi must pass through the ________ to reach the pulmonary lobule. trachea terminal bronchioles alveoli primary bronchi secondary bronchi

terminal bronchioles