212 BPOA: Transportation Code: IRG 22.5-22.16

IRG 22.15: Moving a parked vehicle - TC 545.402

An operator may not begin movement of a stopped, standing, or parked vehicle unless the movement can be made safely.

IRG 22.9: Restricted access - TC 545.064

An operator may not drive on or from a limited-access or controlled-access roadway except at an entrance or exit that is established by a public authority.

IRG 22.15: Driving through safety zone - TC 545.403

An operator may not drive through or in a safety zone.

IRG 22.16: When conduct permissible - TC 546.002

(1) responding to an emergency call; (2) pursuing an actual or suspected violator of the law; (3) responding to but not returning from a fire alarm; (4) directing or diverting traffic for public safety purposes; or (5) conducting a police escort.

IRG 22.7: Dismissal of Expired License Charge - TC 521.026

(a) A judge may dismiss a charge of driving with an expired license if the defendant remedies this defect within 20 working days or before the defendant's first court appearance date, whichever is later. (b) The judge may assess the defendant a reimbursement fee not to exceed $20 when the charge of driving with an expired driver's license is dismissed under Subsection (a).

IRG 22.7: Suspension for offense relating to racing of motor vehicle on public highway or street - TC 521.350

(a) A license is automatically suspended on conviction of an offense under Section 545.420(a). (b) A suspension under this section is for one year, except as provided by this section. (c) A person whose license is suspended under Subsection (a) remains eligible to receive an occupational license under Subchapter L, except that an occupational license issued to a person younger than 18 years of age whose license is suspended under this section may permit the operation of a motor vehicle only for transportation to and from an educational facility in which the person is enrolled and the place where the person resides. (d) A person whose license is suspended under Subsection (a) shall be required by the court in which the person was convicted to perform at least 10 hours of community service as ordered by the court. If the person is a resident of this state without a driver's license to operate a motor vehicle, the court shall issue an order prohibiting the department from issuing the person a driver's license before the person completes the community service. Community service required under this subsection is in addition to any community service required of the person as a condition of community supervision under Article 42A.304, Code of Criminal Procedure. (e) If a person who is required to perform community service under Subsection (d) completes that community service before the end of the person's license suspension, the person may apply to the department for reinstatement of the person's license or the issuance of a new license. The application must include proof satisfactory to the department that the person has performed the community service. (f) If a person whose license is suspended under this section is subsequently convicted of an offense under Section 521.457(a) during the period of license suspension, in addition to the penalties provided by Section 521.457, the department shall revoke the person's license until the first anniversary of the date of conviction and may not reinstate the person's license or issue the person a new license before that date.

IRG 22.7: Automatic Suspension on Conviction of Certain Offenses Involving Fictitious Motor Vehicle License Plates, Registration Insignia, or Vehicle Inspection Reports - TC 521.3465

(a) A license is automatically suspended on final conviction of the license holder of: (1) an offense under Section 502.475(a)(4); or (2) an offense under Section 548.603(a)(1) that involves a fictitious vehicle inspection report. (b) A suspension under this section is for 180 days. (c) If the person is a resident of this state without a driver's license to operate a motor vehicle, the director shall issue an order prohibiting the person from being issued a driver's license before the 181st day after the date of the conviction.

IRG 22.7: Application by New State Resident - TC 521.144

(a) A new resident of this state who applies for a driver's license must submit with the application: (1) evidence that each motor vehicle owned by the person is registered under Chapter 502; or (2) an affidavit that the applicant does not own a motor vehicle required to be registered under Chapter 502. (b) The department may not issue a driver's license to a new resident who fails to comply with Subsection (a). (c) A registration receipt issued by a county assessor-collector in this state is satisfactory evidence that a motor vehicle is registered under Chapter 502.

IRG 22.13: Removal of unlawfully stopped vehicle - TC 545.305

(a) A peace officer listed under Article 2.12, Code of Criminal Procedure, or a license and weight inspector of the department may remove or require the operator or a person in charge of a vehicle to move a vehicle from a highway if the vehicle: (1) is unattended on a bridge, viaduct, or causeway or in a tube or tunnel and the vehicle is obstructing traffic; (2) is unlawfully parked and blocking the entrance to a private driveway; (3) has been reported as stolen; (4) is identified as having been stolen in a warrant issued on the filing of a complaint; (5) is unattended and the officer has reasonable grounds to believe that the vehicle has been abandoned for longer than 48 hours; (6) is disabled so that normal operation is impossible or impractical and the owner or person in charge of the vehicle is: (A) incapacitated and unable to provide for the vehicle's removal or custody; or (B) not in the immediate vicinity of the vehicle; (7) is disabled so that normal operation is impossible or impractical and the owner or person in charge of the vehicle does not designate a particular towing or storage company; (8) is operated by a person an officer arrests for an alleged offense and the officer is required by law to take the person into custody; or (9) is, in the opinion of the officer, a hazard, interferes with a normal function of a governmental agency, or because of a catastrophe, emergency, or unusual circumstance is imperiled. (b) An officer acting under Subsection (a) may require that the vehicle be taken to: (1) the nearest garage or other place of safety; (2) a garage designated or maintained by the governmental agency that employs the officer; or (3) a position off the paved or main traveled part of the highway. (c) A law enforcement agency other than the department that removes an abandoned vehicle in an unincorporated area shall notify the sheriff. (d) The owner of a vehicle that is removed or stored under this section is liable for all reasonable towing and storage fees incurred.

IRG 22.5: Illegal dumping; criminal penalties - HSC 365.012

(a) A person commits an offense if the person disposes or allows or permits the disposal of litter or other solid waste at a place that is not an approved solid waste site, including a place on or within 300 feet of a public highway, on a right-of-way, on other public or private property, or into inland or coastal water of the state. (a-1) A person commits an offense if: (1) the person discards lighted litter, including a match, cigarette, or cigar, onto open-space land, a private road or the right-of-way of a private road, a public highway or other public road or the right-of-way of a public highway or other public road, or a railroad right-of-way; and (2) a fire is ignited as a result of the conduct described by Subdivision (1). (b) A person commits an offense if the person receives litter or other solid waste for disposal at a place that is not an approved solid waste site, regardless of whether the litter or other solid waste or the land on which the litter or other solid waste is disposed is owned or controlled by the person. (c) A person commits an offense if the person transports litter or other solid waste to a place that is not an approved solid waste site for disposal at the site. (d) An offense under Subsection (a), (b), or (c) is a Class C misdemeanor if the litter or other solid waste to which the offense applies weighs five pounds or less or has a volume of five gallons or less. (d-1) An offense under Subsection (a-1) is a misdemeanor under this subsection if the litter or other solid waste to which the offense applies weighs less than 500 pounds or has a volume of less than 100 cubic feet and is punishable by: (1) a fine not to exceed $500; (2) confinement in jail for a term not to exceed 30 days; or (3) both such fine and confinement. (e) An offense under Subsection (a), (b), or (c) is a Class B misdemeanor if the litter or other solid waste to which the offense applies weighs more than five pounds but less than 500 pounds or has a volume of more than five gallons but less than 100 cubic feet. (f) An offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor if: (1) the litter or other solid waste to which the offense applies weighs 500 pounds or more but less than 1,000 pounds or has a volume of 100 cubic feet or more but less than 200 cubic feet; or (2) the litter or other solid waste is disposed for a commercial purpose and weighs more than five pounds but less than 200 pounds or has a volume of more than five gallons but less than 200 cubic feet. (g) An offense under this section is a state jail felony if the litter or solid waste to which the offense applies: (1) weighs 1,000 pounds or more or has a volume of 200 cubic feet or more; (2) is disposed of for a commercial purpose and weighs 200 pounds or more or has a volume of 200 cubic feet or more; or (3) is contained in a closed barrel or drum. (h) If it is shown on the trial of the defendant for an offense under this section that the defendant has previously been convicted of an offense under this section, the punishment for the offense is increased to the punishment for the next highest category. (i) On conviction for an offense under this section, the court shall provide to the defendant written notice that a subsequent conviction for an offense under this section may result in the forfeiture under Chapter 59, Code of Criminal Procedure, of the vehicle used by the defendant in committing the offense. (j) The offenses prescribed by this section include the unauthorized disposal of litter or other solid waste in a dumpster or similar receptacle. (k) This section does not apply to the temporary storage for future disposal of litter or other solid waste by a person on land owned by that person, or by that person's agent. The commission by rule shall regulate temporary storage for future disposal of litter or other solid waste by a person on land owned by the person or the person's agent. (l) This section does not apply to an individual's disposal of litter or other solid waste if: (1) the litter or waste is generated on land the individual owns; (2) the litter or waste is not generated as a result of an activity related to a commercial purpose; (3) the disposal occurs on land the individual owns; and (4) the disposal is not for a commercial purpose. (m) A municipality or county may offer a reward of $50 for reporting a violation of this section that results in a prosecution under this section. (n) An offense under this section may be prosecuted without alleging or proving any culpable mental state, unless the offense is a state jail felony. (o) For purposes of a prosecution under Subsection (g), a generator creates a rebuttable presumption of lack of culpable mental state if the generator of the solid waste to be disposed of secures, prior to the hauler's receipt of the solid waste, a signed statement from the hauler that the solid waste will be disposed of legally. The statement shall include the hauler's valid Texas driver's license number. (p) It is an affirmative defense to prosecution under Subsection (a-1) that the person discarded the lighted litter in connection with controlled burning the person was conducting in the area into which the lighted litter was discarded. (q) The operator of a public conveyance in which smoking tobacco is allowed shall post a sign stating the substance of Subsections (a-1) and (d-1) in a conspicuous place within any portion of the public conveyance in which smoking is allowed. (r) If conduct that constitutes an offense under Subsection (a-1) also constitutes an offense under Subsection (a), the actor may be prosecuted only under Subsection (a-1). If conduct that constitutes an offense under Subsection (a-1) also constitutes an offense under Chapter 28, Penal Code, the actor may be prosecuted under Subsection (a-1) or Chapter 28, Penal Code, but not both. (s) On conviction of an offense under this section, the court shall require the defendant, in addition to any fine or other penalty, to perform community service as provided by Article 42A.304(e), Code of Criminal Procedure.

IRG 22.15: Reckless driving; offense - TC 545.401

(a) A person commits an offense if the person drives a vehicle in wilful or wanton disregard for the safety of persons or property. (b) An offense under this section is a misdemeanor punishable by: (1) a fine not to exceed $200; (2) confinement in county jail for not more than 30 days; or (3) both the fine and the confinement. (c) Notwithstanding Section 542.001, this section applies to: (1) a private access way or parking area provided for a client or patron by a business, other than a private residential property or the property of a garage or parking lot for which a charge is made for the storing or parking of motor vehicles; and (2) a highway or other public place. (d) Notwithstanding Section 542.004, this section applies to a person, a team, or motor vehicles and other equipment engaged in work on a highway surface.

IRG 22.15: Fleeing or attempting to elude police officer; offense - TC 545.421

(a) A person commits an offense if the person operates a motor vehicle and wilfully fails or refuses to bring the vehicle to a stop or flees, or attempts to elude, a pursuing police vehicle when given a visual or audible signal to bring the vehicle to a stop. (b) A signal under this section that is given by a police officer pursuing a vehicle may be by hand, voice, emergency light, or siren. The officer giving the signal must be in uniform and prominently display the officer's badge of office. The officer's vehicle must bear the insignia of a law enforcement agency, regardless of whether the vehicle displays an emergency light. (c) Except as provided by Subsection (d), an offense under this section is a Class B misdemeanor. (d) An offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor if the person, during the commission of the offense, recklessly engages in conduct that places another in imminent danger of serious bodily injury. (e) A person is presumed to have recklessly engaged in conduct placing another in imminent danger of serious bodily injury under Subsection (d) if the person while intoxicated knowingly operated a motor vehicle during the commission of the offense. In this subsection, "intoxicated" has the meaning assigned by Section 49.01, Penal Code.

IRG 22.15: Riding in or on Boat or Personal Watercraft Drawn By Vehicle; Offense - TC 545.4145

(a) A person commits an offense if the person operates a motor vehicle on a highway or street when a child younger than 18 years of age is occupying a boat or personal watercraft being drawn by the motor vehicle. (b) It is a defense to prosecution under this section that the person was: (1) operating the motor vehicle in a parade or in an emergency; or (2) operating the motor vehicle on a beach. (c) In this section, "boat" and "personal watercraft" have the meanings assigned by Section 31.003, Parks and Wildlife Code.

IRG 22.7: Driving while license invalid - TC 521.457

(a) A person commits an offense if the person operates a motor vehicle on a highway: (1) after the person's driver's license has been canceled under this chapter if the person does not have a license that was subsequently issued under this chapter; (2) during a period that the person's driver's license or privilege is suspended or revoked under any law of this state; (3) while the person's driver's license is expired if the license expired during a period of suspension; or (4) after renewal of the person's driver's license has been denied under any law of this state, if the person does not have a driver's license subsequently issued under this chapter. (b) A person commits an offense if the person is the subject of an order issued under any law of this state that prohibits the person from obtaining a driver's license and the person operates a motor vehicle on a highway. (c) It is not a defense to prosecution under this section that the person did not receive actual notice of a suspension imposed as a result of a conviction for an offense under Section 521.341. (d) Except as provided by Subsection (c), it is an affirmative defense to prosecution of an offense, other than an offense under Section 521.341, that the person did not receive actual notice of a cancellation, suspension, revocation, or prohibition order relating to the person's license. For purposes of this section, actual notice is presumed if the notice was sent in accordance with law. (e) Except as provided by Subsections (f), (f-1), and (f-2), an offense under this section is a Class C misdemeanor. (f) An offense under this section is a Class B misdemeanor if it is shown on the trial of the offense that the person: (1) has previously been convicted of an offense under this section or an offense under Section 601.371(a), as that law existed before September 1, 2003; or (2) at the time of the offense, was operating the motor vehicle in violation of Section 601.191. (f-1) If it is shown on the trial of an offense under this section that the license of the person has previously been suspended as the result of an offense involving the operation of a motor vehicle while intoxicated, the offense is a Class B misdemeanor. (f-2) An offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor if it is shown on the trial of the offense that at the time of the offense the person was operating the motor vehicle in violation of Section 601.191 and caused or was at fault in a motor vehicle accident that resulted in serious bodily injury to or the death of another person. (g) For purposes of this section, a conviction for an offense that involves operation of a motor vehicle after August 31, 1987, is a final conviction, regardless of whether the sentence for the conviction is probated.

IRG 22.15: Child passenger safety seat systems; offense - TC 545.412

(a) A person commits an offense if the person operates a passenger vehicle, transports a child who is younger than eight years of age, unless the child is taller than four feet, nine inches, and does not keep the child secured during the operation of the vehicle in a child passenger safety seat system according to the instructions of the manufacturer of the safety seat system. (b) An offense under this section is a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of not less than $25 and not more than $250. (b-1) Repealed by Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., 1st C.S., Ch. 4, Sec. 69.01(1), eff. September 28, 2011. (c) It is a defense to prosecution under this section that the person was operating the vehicle in an emergency or for a law enforcement purpose. (d) Repealed by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 204, Sec. 8.01. (e) This section does not apply to a person: (1) operating a vehicle transporting passengers for hire, excluding third-party transport service providers when transporting clients pursuant to a contract to provide nonemergency Medicaid transportation; or (2) transporting a child in a vehicle in which all seating positions equipped with child passenger safety seat systems or safety belts are occupied. (f) In this section: (1) "Child passenger safety seat system" means an infant or child passenger restraint system that meets the federal standards for crash-tested restraint systems as set by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (2) "Passenger vehicle" means a passenger car, light truck, sport utility vehicle, passenger van designed to transport 15 or fewer passengers, including the driver, truck, or truck tractor. (3) "Safety belt" means a lap belt and any shoulder straps included as original equipment on or added to a vehicle. (4) "Secured," in connection with use of a safety belt, means using the lap belt and any shoulder straps according to the instructions of: (A) the manufacturer of the vehicle, if the safety belt is original equipment; or (B) the manufacturer of the safety belt, if the safety belt has been added to the vehicle. Text of subsection effective until June 01, 2023 (g) A judge, acting under Article 45.0511, Code of Criminal Procedure, who elects to defer further proceedings and to place a defendant accused of a violation of this section on probation under that article, in lieu of requiring the defendant to complete a driving safety course approved by the Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation, shall require the defendant to attend and present proof that the defendant has successfully completed a specialized driving safety course approved by the Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation under Chapter 1001, Education Code, that includes four hours of instruction that encourages the use of child passenger safety seat systems and the wearing of seat belts and emphasizes: (1) the effectiveness of child passenger safety seat systems and seat belts in reducing the harm to children being transported in motor vehicles; and (2) the requirements of this section and the penalty for noncompliance. Text of subsection effective on June 01, 2023 (g) Repealed by Acts 2021, 87th Leg., R.S., Ch. 663 (H.B. 1560), Sec. 5.68(12), eff. June 1, 2023. (h) Notwithstanding Section 542.402(a), a municipality or county, at the end of the municipality's or county's fiscal year, shall send to the comptroller an amount equal to 50 percent of the fines collected by the municipality or the county for violations of this section. The comptroller shall deposit the amount received to the credit of the tertiary care fund for use by trauma centers.

IRG 22.15: Riding in open beds; offense - TC 545.414

(a) A person commits an offense if the person operates an open-bed pickup truck or an open flatbed truck or draws an open flatbed trailer when a child younger than 18 years of age is occupying the bed of the truck or trailer. (b) An offense under this section is a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of not less than $25 or more than $200. (c) It is a defense to prosecution under this section that the person was: (1) operating or towing the vehicle in a parade or in an emergency; (2) operating the vehicle to transport farmworkers from one field to another field on a farm-to-market road, ranch-to-market road, or county road outside a municipality; (3) operating the vehicle on a beach; (4) operating a vehicle that is the only vehicle owned or operated by the members of a household; or (5) operating the vehicle in a hayride permitted by the governing body of or a law enforcement agency of each county or municipality in which the hayride will occur. (d) Compliance or noncompliance with Subsection (a) is not admissible evidence in a civil trial. (e) In this section, "household" has the meaning assigned by Section 71.005, Family Code.

IRG 22.6: General offense - TC 542.301

(a) A person commits an offense if the person performs an act prohibited or fails to perform an act required by this subtitle. (b) Except as otherwise provided, an offense under this subtitle is a misdemeanor.

IRG 22.15: Safety belts; offense - TC 545.413

(a) A person commits an offense if: (1) the person: (A) is at least 15 years of age; (B) is riding in a passenger vehicle while the vehicle is being operated; (C) is occupying a seat that is equipped with a safety belt; and (D) is not secured by a safety belt; or (2) as the operator of a school bus equipped with a safety belt for the operator's seat, the person is not secured by the safety belt. (b) A person commits an offense if the person: (1) operates a passenger vehicle that is equipped with safety belts; and (2) allows a child who is younger than 17 years of age and who is not required to be secured in a child passenger safety seat system under Section 545.412(a) to ride in the vehicle without requiring the child to be secured by a safety belt, provided the child is occupying a seat that is equipped with a safety belt. (b-1) A person commits an offense if the person allows a child who is younger than 17 years of age and who is not required to be secured in a child passenger safety seat system under Section 545.412(a) to ride in a passenger van designed to transport 15 or fewer passengers, including the driver, without securing the child individually by a safety belt, if the child is occupying a seat that is equipped with a safety belt. (c) A passenger vehicle or a seat in a passenger vehicle is considered to be equipped with a safety belt if the vehicle is required under Section 547.601 to be equipped with safety belts. (d) An offense under Subsection (a) is a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of not less than $25 or more than $50. An offense under Subsection (b) is a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of not less than $100 or more than $200. (e) It is a defense to prosecution under this section that: (1) the person possesses a written statement from a licensed physician stating that for a medical reason the person should not wear a safety belt; (2) the person presents to the court, not later than the 10th day after the date of the offense, a statement from a licensed physician stating that for a medical reason the person should not wear a safety belt; (3) the person is employed by the United States Postal Service and performing a duty for that agency that requires the operator to service postal boxes from a vehicle or that requires frequent entry into and exit from a vehicle; (4) the person is engaged in the actual delivery of newspapers from a vehicle or is performing newspaper delivery duties that require frequent entry into and exit from a vehicle; (5) the person is employed by a public or private utility company and is engaged in the reading of meters or performing a similar duty for that company requiring the operator to frequently enter into and exit from a vehicle; (6) the person is operating a commercial vehicle registered as a farm vehicle under the provisions of Section 502.433 that does not have a gross weight, registered weight, or gross weight rating of 48,000 pounds or more; or (7) the person is the operator of or a passenger in a vehicle used exclusively to transport solid waste and performing duties that require frequent entry into and exit from the vehicle. (f) The department shall develop and implement an educational program to encourage the wearing of safety belts and to emphasize: (1) the effectiveness of safety belts and other restraint devices in reducing the risk of harm to passengers in motor vehicles; and (2) the requirements of this section and the penalty for noncompliance. (g) Repealed by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 204, Sec. 8.01. (h) In this section, "passenger vehicle," "safety belt," and "secured" have the meanings assigned by Section 545.412. Text of subsection effective until June 01, 2023 (i) A judge, acting under Article 45.0511, Code of Criminal Procedure, who elects to defer further proceedings and to place a defendant accused of a violation of Subsection (b) on probation under that article, in lieu of requiring the defendant to complete a driving safety course approved by the Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation, shall require the defendant to attend and present proof that the defendant has successfully completed a specialized driving safety course approved by the Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation under Chapter 1001, Education Code, that includes four hours of instruction that encourages the use of child passenger safety seat systems and the wearing of seat belts and emphasizes: (1) the effectiveness of child passenger safety seat systems and seat belts in reducing the harm to children being transported in motor vehicles; and (2) the requirements of this section and the penalty for noncompliance. Text of subsection effective on June 01, 2023 (i) Repealed by Acts 2021, 87th Leg., R.S., Ch. 663 (H.B. 1560), Sec. 5.68(13), eff. June 1, 2023. (j) Notwithstanding Section 542.402(a), a municipality or county, at the end of the municipality's or county's fiscal year, shall send to the comptroller an amount equal to 50 percent of the fines collected by the municipality or the county for violations of Subsection (b) of this section. The comptroller shall deposit the amount received to the credit of the tertiary care fund for use by trauma centers.

IRG 22.7: License or permit required - TC 522.011

(a) A person may not drive a commercial motor vehicle unless: (1) the person: (A) has in the person's immediate possession a commercial driver's license issued by the department appropriate for the class of vehicle being driven; and (B) is not disqualified or subject to an out-of-service order; (2) the person: (A) has in the person's immediate possession a commercial learner's permit and driver's license issued by the department; and (B) is accompanied by the holder of a commercial driver's license issued by the department with any necessary endorsements appropriate for the class of vehicle being driven, and the license holder: (i) for the purpose of giving instruction in driving the vehicle, at all times occupies a seat beside the permit holder or, in the case of a passenger vehicle, directly behind the driver in a location that allows for direct observation and supervision of the permit holder; and (ii) is not disqualified or subject to an out-of-service order; or (3) the person is authorized to drive the vehicle under Section 522.015. (b) A person commits an offense if the person violates Subsection (a). (c) An offense under this section is a misdemeanor punishable by a fine not to exceed $500, except that the offense is a misdemeanor punishable by a fine not to exceed $1,000 if it is shown on the trial of the offense that the defendant was convicted of an offense under this section in the year preceding the date of the offense that is the subject of the trial. (d) It is a defense to prosecution under Subsection (a)(1)(A) if the person charged produces in court a commercial driver's license that: (1) was issued to the person; (2) is appropriate for the class of vehicle being driven; and (3) was valid when the offense was committed. (e) It is a defense to prosecution for a violation of Subsection (a)(2)(A) if the person charged produces in court a commercial learner's permit or driver's license, as appropriate, that: (1) was issued to the person; and (2) was valid when the offense was committed. (f) The court may assess a defendant an administrative fee not to exceed $10 if a charge under this section is dismissed because of the defense listed under Subsection (e).

IRG 22.15: Crossing sidewalk or hike and bike trail - TC 545.422

(a) A person may not drive a motor vehicle on a sidewalk, sidewalk area, or hike and bike trail except on a permanent or authorized temporary driveway. (b) Subsection (a) does not prohibit the operation of a motor vehicle on a hike and bike trail in connection with maintenance of the trail. (c) In this section, "hike and bike trail" means a trail designed for the exclusive use of pedestrians, bicyclists, or both.

IRG 22.7: Permitting Unauthorized Person to Drive - TC 521.458

(a) A person may not knowingly permit or cause the person's child or ward who is under 18 years of age to operate a motor vehicle on a highway in violation of this chapter. (b) A person may not authorize or knowingly permit a motor vehicle owned by or under the control of the person to be operated on a highway by any person in violation of this chapter.

IRG 22.15: Operation of school bus - TC 545.426

(a) A person may not operate a school bus if: (1) the door of the school bus is open; or (2) the number of passengers on the bus is greater than the manufacturer's design capacity for the bus. (b) An operator of a school bus, while operating the bus, shall prohibit a passenger from: (1) standing in the bus; or (2) sitting: (A) on the floor of the bus; or (B) in any location on the bus that is not designed as a seat. (c) The department may adopt rules necessary to administer and enforce this section.

IRG 22.15: Person riding in trailer or semi-trailer drawn by truck, road tractor, or truck tractor - TC 545.4191

(a) A person may not operate a truck, road tractor, or truck tractor when another person occupies a trailer or semitrailer being drawn by the truck, road tractor, or truck tractor. (b) It is a defense to prosecution under this section that: (1) the person was operating or towing the vehicle: (A) in a parade or in an emergency; (B) to transport farmworkers from one field to another field on a farm-to-market road, ranch-to-market road, or county road outside a municipality; or (C) in a hayride permitted by the governing body of or a law enforcement agency of each county or municipality in which the hayride will occur; (2) the person operating or towing the vehicle did not know that another person occupied the trailer or semitrailer; or (3) the person occupying the trailer or semitrailer was in a part of the trailer or semitrailer designed for human habitation. (c) An offense under this section is a Class B misdemeanor.

IRG 22.15: Racing on highway - TC 545.420

(a) A person may not participate in any manner in: (1) a race; (2) a vehicle speed competition or contest; (3) a drag race or acceleration contest; (4) a test of physical endurance of the operator of a vehicle; or (5) in connection with a drag race, an exhibition of vehicle speed or acceleration or to make a vehicle speed record. (b) In this section: (1) "Drag race" means the operation of: (A) two or more vehicles from a point side by side at accelerating speeds in a competitive attempt to outdistance each other; or (B) one or more vehicles over a common selected course, from the same place to the same place, for the purpose of comparing the relative speeds or power of acceleration of the vehicle or vehicles in a specified distance or time. (2) "Race" means the use of one or more vehicles in an attempt to: (A) outgain or outdistance another vehicle or prevent another vehicle from passing; (B) arrive at a given destination ahead of another vehicle or vehicles; or (C) test the physical stamina or endurance of an operator over a long-distance driving route. (c) [Blank] (d) Except as provided by Subsections (e)-(h), an offense under Subsection (a) is a Class B misdemeanor. (e) An offense under Subsection (a) is a Class A misdemeanor if it is shown on the trial of the offense that: (1) the person has previously been convicted one time of an offense under that subsection; or (2) the person, at the time of the offense: (A) was operating the vehicle while intoxicated, as defined by Section 49.01, Penal Code; or (B) was in possession of an open container, as defined by Section 49.031, Penal Code. (f) An offense under Subsection (a) is a state jail felony if it is shown on the trial of the offense that the person has previously been convicted two times of an offense under that subsection. (g) An offense under Subsection (a) is a felony of the third degree if it is shown on the trial of the offense that as a result of the offense, an individual suffered bodily injury. (h) An offense under Subsection (a) is a felony of the second degree if it is shown on the trial of the offense that as a result of the offense, an individual suffered serious bodily injury or death. (i) This subsection applies only to a motor vehicle used in the commission of an offense under this section that results in an accident with property damage or personal injury. A peace officer shall require the vehicle to be taken to the nearest licensed vehicle storage facility unless the vehicle is seized as evidence, in which case the vehicle may be taken to a storage facility as designated by the peace officer involved. Notwithstanding Article 18.23, Code of Criminal Procedure, the owner of a motor vehicle that is removed or stored under this subsection is liable for all removal and storage fees incurred and is not entitled to take possession of the vehicle until those fees are paid.

IRG 22.8: Display of unauthorized signs, signals, or markings - TC 544.006

(a) A person may not place, maintain, or display on or in view of a highway an unauthorized sign, signal, marking, or device that: (1) imitates or resembles an official traffic-control device or railroad sign or signal; (2) attempts to direct the movement of traffic; or (3) hides from view or hinders the effectiveness of an official traffic-control device or railroad sign or signal. (b) A person may not place or maintain on a highway, and a public authority may not permit on a highway, a traffic sign or signal bearing commercial advertising. (c) A person may not place or maintain a flashing light or flashing electric sign within 1,000 feet of an intersection except under a permit issued by the Texas Transportation Commission. (d) This section does not prohibit a person from placing on private property adjacent to a highway a sign that gives useful directional information and that cannot be mistaken for an official sign. (e) A sign, signal, light, or marking prohibited under this section is a public nuisance. The authority with jurisdiction over the highway may remove that sign, signal, light, or marking without notice.

IRG 22.7: Motor Vehicle Rentals - TC 521.460

(a) A person may not rent a motor vehicle to any other person unless the other person holds a driver's license under this chapter or, if a nonresident, holds a license issued under the laws of the state or Canadian province in which the person resides, unless that state or province does not require that the operator of a motor vehicle hold a license. (b) A person may not rent a motor vehicle to a renter until the person has inspected the renter's driver's license. (c) Each person who rents a motor vehicle to another shall maintain a record of: (1) the number of the license plate issued for the motor vehicle; (2) the name and address of the person to whom the vehicle is rented; (3) the license number of the person to whom the vehicle is rented; (4) the date the license was issued; and (5) the place where the license was issued. (d) The record maintained under Subsection (c) may be inspected by any police officer or officer or employee of the department.

IRG 22.7: License to Be Carried and Exhibited on Demand: Criminal Penalty - TC 521.025

(a) A person required to hold a license under Section 521.021 shall: (1) have in the person's possession while operating a motor vehicle the class of driver's license appropriate for the type of vehicle operated; and (2) display the license on the demand of a magistrate, court officer, or peace officer. (b) A peace officer may stop and detain a person operating a motor vehicle to determine if the person has a driver's license as required by this section. (c) A person who violates this section commits an offense. An offense under this subsection is a misdemeanor punishable by a fine not to exceed $200, except that: (1) for a second conviction within one year after the date of the first conviction, the offense is a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of not less than $25 or more than $200; (2) for a third or subsequent conviction within one year after the date of the second conviction the offense is a misdemeanor punishable by: (A) a fine of not less than $25 or more than $500; (B) confinement in the county jail for not less than 72 hours or more than six months; or (C) both the fine and confinement; and (3) if it is shown on the trial of the offense that at the time of the offense the person was operating the motor vehicle in violation of Section 601.191 and caused or was at fault in a motor vehicle accident that resulted in serious bodily injury to or the death of another person, an offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor. (d) It is a defense to prosecution under this section if the person charged produces in court a driver's license: (1) issued to that person; (2) appropriate for the type of vehicle operated; and (3) valid at the time of the arrest for the offense. (e) The judge of each court shall report promptly to the department each conviction obtained in the court under this section. (f) The court may assess a defendant an administrative fee not to exceed $10 if a charge under this section is dismissed because of the defense listed under Subsection (d).

IRG 22.15: Operation of vehicle by person under 18 - TC 545.424

(a) A person under 18 years of age may not operate a motor vehicle while using a wireless communication device, except in case of emergency. This subsection does not apply to a person licensed by the Federal Communications Commission while operating a radio frequency device other than a wireless communication device. (a-1) A person under 18 years of age may not operate a motor vehicle: (1) after midnight and before 5 a.m. unless the operation of the vehicle is necessary for the operator to attend or participate in employment or a school-related activity or because of a medical emergency; or (2) with more than one passenger in the vehicle under 21 years of age who is not a family member. (a-2) Notwithstanding Subsection (a-1), a person under 18 years of age may operate a moped after midnight and before 5 a.m. if the person is in sight of the person's parent or guardian. (b) A person under 17 years of age who holds a restricted motorcycle license may not operate a motorcycle while using a wireless communication device, except in case of emergency. This subsection does not apply to a person licensed by the Federal Communications Commission while operating a radio frequency device other than a wireless communication device. (b-1) A person under 17 years of age who holds a restricted motorcycle license, during the 12-month period following the issuance of an original motorcycle license to the person, may not operate a motorcycle after midnight and before 5 a.m. unless: (1) the person is in sight of the person's parent or guardian; or (2) the operation of the vehicle is necessary for the operator to attend or participate in employment or a school-related activity or because of a medical emergency. (c) Subsection (a-1) does not apply to a person operating a motor vehicle while accompanied in the manner required by Section 521.222(d)(2) for the holder of a learner license. (d) For the purposes of this section, employment includes work on a family farm by a member of the family that owns or operates the farm. (e) A peace officer may not stop a vehicle or detain the operator of a vehicle for the sole purpose of determining whether the operator of the vehicle has violated this section. (f) In this section, "wireless communication device" means a handheld or hands-free device that uses commercial mobile service, as defined by 47 U.S.C. Section 332. (g) An offense under Subsection (a) or (b) is a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of at least $25 and not more than $99 unless it is shown on the trial of the offense that the defendant has been previously convicted at least one time of an offense under either subsection, in which event the offense is punishable by a fine of at least $100 and not more than $200.

IRG 22.6: Inchoate offense - TC 542.303

(a) A person who attempts to commit or conspires to commit an act declared by this subtitle to be an offense is guilty of the offense. (b) A person who falsely, fraudulently, or wilfully permits another to violate this subtitle is guilty of the violation.

IRG 22.7: Operation of motor vehicle by new state residents - TC 521.029

(a) A person who enters this state as a new resident may operate a motor vehicle in this state for no more than 90 days after the date on which the person enters this state if the person: (1) is 16 years of age or older; and (2) has in the person's possession a driver's license issued to the person by the person's state or country of previous residence. (b) If a person subject to this section is prosecuted for operating a motor vehicle without a driver's license, the prosecution alleges that the person has resided in this state for more than 90 days, and the person claims to have been covered by Subsection (a), the person must prove by the preponderance of the evidence that the person has not resided in this state for more than 90 days.

IRG 22.7: Criminal Penalty - TC 521.253

(a) A person who holds an occupational license commits an offense if the person: (1) operates a motor vehicle in violation of a restriction imposed on the license; or (2) fails to have in the person's possession a certified copy of the court order as required under Section 521.250. (b) An offense under this section is a Class B misdemeanor. (c) On conviction of an offense under this section, the occupational license and the order granting that license are revoked.

IRG 22.7: General Criminal Penalty - TC 521.461

(a) A person who violates a provision of this chapter for which a specific penalty is not provided commits an offense. (b) An offense under this section is a misdemeanor punishable by a fine not to exceed $200.

IRG 22.7: Petition - TC 521.242

(a) A person whose license has been suspended for a cause other than a physical or mental disability or impairment or a conviction of an offense under Sections 49.04-49.08, Penal Code, may apply for an occupational license by filing a verified petition with the clerk of a justice, county, or district court with jurisdiction that includes the precinct or county in which: (1) the person resides; or (2) the offense occurred for which the license was suspended. (b) A person may apply for an occupational license by filing a verified petition only with the clerk of the court in which the person was convicted if: (1) the person's license has been automatically suspended or canceled under this chapter for a conviction of an offense under the laws of this state; and (2) the person has not been issued, in the 10 years preceding the date of the filing of the petition, more than one occupational license after a conviction under the laws of this state. (c) A petition filed under this section must set forth in detail the person's essential need. (d) A petition filed under Subsection (b) must state that the petitioner was convicted in that court for an offense under the laws of this state. (e) The clerk of the court shall file the petition as in any other matter. (f) A court may not grant an occupational license for the operation of a commercial motor vehicle to which Chapter 522 applies.

IRG 22.7: Purchase of Alcohol for Minor or Furnishing Alcohol to Minor: Automatic Suspension; License Denial - TC 521.351

(a) A person's driver's license is automatically suspended on final conviction of an offense under Section 106.06, Alcoholic Beverage Code. (b) The department may not issue a driver's license to a person convicted of an offense under Section 106.06, Alcoholic Beverage Code, who, on the date of the conviction, did not hold a driver's license. (c) The period of suspension under this section is the 180 days after the date of a final conviction, and the period of license denial is the 180 days after the date the person applies to the department for reinstatement or issuance of a driver's license, unless the person has previously been denied a license under this section or had a license suspended, in which event the period of suspension is one year after the date of a final conviction, and the period of license denial is one year after the date the person applies to the department for reinstatement or issuance of a driver's license.

IRG 22.14: Prima facie speed limits - TC 545.352

(a) A speed in excess of the limits established by Subsection (b) or under another provision of this subchapter is prima facie evidence that the speed is not reasonable and prudent and that the speed is unlawful. (b) Unless a special hazard exists that requires a slower speed for compliance with Section 545.351(b), the following speeds are lawful: (1) 30 miles per hour in an urban district on a street other than an alley and 15 miles per hour in an alley; (2) except as provided by Subdivision (4), 70 miles per hour on a highway numbered by this state or the United States outside an urban district, including a farm-to-market or ranch-to-market road; (3) except as provided by Subdivision (4), 60 miles per hour on a highway that is outside an urban district and not a highway numbered by this state or the United States; (4) outside an urban district: (A) 60 miles per hour if the vehicle is a school bus that has passed a commercial motor vehicle inspection under Section 548.201 and is on a highway numbered by the United States or this state, including a farm-to-market road; or (B) 50 miles per hour if the vehicle is a school bus that: (i) has not passed a commercial motor vehicle inspection under Section 548.201; or (ii) is traveling on a highway not numbered by the United States or this state; (5) on a beach, 15 miles per hour; or (6) on a county road adjacent to a public beach, 15 miles per hour, if declared by the commissioners court of the county. (c) The speed limits for a bus or other vehicle engaged in the business of transporting passengers for compensation or hire, for a commercial vehicle used as a highway post office vehicle for highway post office service in the transportation of United States mail, for a light truck, and for a school activity bus are the same as required for a passenger car at the same time and location. (d) In this section: (1) "Interstate highway" means a segment of the national system of interstate and defense highways that is: (A) located in this state; (B) officially designated by the Texas Transportation Commission; and (C) approved under Title 23, United States Code.

IRG 22.8: Traffic-control signals in general - TC 544.007

(a) A traffic-control signal displaying different colored lights or colored lighted arrows successively or in combination may display only green, yellow, or red and applies to operators of vehicles as provided by this section. (b) An operator of a vehicle facing a circular green signal may proceed straight or turn right or left unless a sign prohibits the turn. The operator shall, while the signal is exhibited: (1) yield the right-of-way to other vehicles lawfully in the intersection when the signal is exhibited; and (2) stop and yield the right-of-way to pedestrians lawfully in the intersection or an adjacent crosswalk. (c) An operator of a vehicle facing a green arrow signal, displayed alone or with another signal, may cautiously enter the intersection to move in the direction permitted by the arrow or other indication shown simultaneously. The operator shall stop and yield the right-of-way to a pedestrian lawfully in an adjacent crosswalk and shall yield the right-of-way to other traffic lawfully using the intersection. (d) An operator of a vehicle facing only a steady red signal shall stop at a clearly marked stop line. In the absence of a stop line, the operator shall stop before entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection. A vehicle that is not turning shall remain standing until an indication to proceed is shown. After stopping, standing until the intersection may be entered safely, and yielding right-of-way to pedestrians lawfully in an adjacent crosswalk and other traffic lawfully using the intersection, the operator may: (1) turn right; or (2) turn left, if the intersecting streets are both one-way streets and a left turn is permissible. (e) An operator of a vehicle facing a steady yellow signal is warned by that signal that: (1) movement authorized by a green signal is being terminated; or (2) a red signal is to be given. (f) The Texas Transportation Commission, a municipal authority, or the commissioners court of a county may prohibit within the entity's jurisdiction a turn by an operator of a vehicle facing a steady red signal by posting notice at the intersection that the turn is prohibited. (g) This section applies to an official traffic-control signal placed and maintained at a place other than an intersection, except for a provision that by its nature cannot apply. A required stop shall be made at a sign or marking on the pavement indicating where the stop shall be made. In the absence of such a sign or marking, the stop shall be made at the signal. (h) The obligations imposed by this section apply to an operator of a streetcar in the same manner they apply to the operator of a vehicle. (i) An operator of a vehicle facing a traffic-control signal, other than a freeway entrance ramp control signal or a pedestrian hybrid beacon, that does not display an indication in any of the signal heads shall stop as provided by Section 544.010 as if the intersection had a stop sign. (j) In this section: (1) "Freeway entrance ramp control signal" means a traffic-control signal that controls the flow of traffic entering a freeway. (2) "Pedestrian hybrid beacon" means a pedestrian-controlled traffic-control signal that displays different colored lights successively only when activated by a pedestrian.

IRG 22.15: Backing a vehicle - TC 545.415

(a) An operator may not back the vehicle unless the movement can be made safely and without interference with other traffic. (b) An operator may not back the vehicle on a shoulder or roadway of a limited-access or controlled-access highway.

IRG 22.15: Crossing property - TC 545.423

(a) An operator may not cross a sidewalk or drive through a driveway, parking lot, or business or residential entrance without stopping the vehicle. (b) An operator may not cross or drive in or on a sidewalk, driveway, parking lot, or business or residential entrance at an intersection to turn right or left from one highway to another highway.

IRG 22.15: Obstruction of operator's view or driving mechanism - TC 545.417

(a) An operator may not drive a vehicle when it is loaded so that, or when the front seat has a number of persons, exceeding three, so that: (1) the view of the operator to the front or sides of the vehicle is obstructed; or (2) there is interference with the operator's control over the driving mechanism of the vehicle. (b) A passenger in a vehicle may not ride in a position that interferes with the operator's view to the front or sides or control over the driving mechanism of the vehicle.

IRG 22.16: Exceptions to signal requirement - TC 546.004

(a) A volunteer fire fighter who operates a private vehicle as an authorized emergency vehicle may engage in conduct permitted by Section 546.001 only when the fire fighter is using visual signals meeting the pertinent requirements of Sections 547.305 and 547.702. (b) An authorized emergency vehicle that is operated as a police vehicle is not required to be equipped with or display a red light visible from the front of the vehicle. (c) A police officer may operate an authorized emergency vehicle for a law enforcement purpose without using the audible or visual signals required by Section 546.003 if the officer is: (1) responding to an emergency call or pursuing a suspected violator of the law with probable cause to believe that: (A) knowledge of the presence of the officer will cause the suspect to: (i) destroy or lose evidence of a suspected felony; (ii) end a suspected continuing felony before the officer has obtained sufficient evidence to establish grounds for arrest; or (iii) evade apprehension or identification of the suspect or the suspect's vehicle; or (B) because of traffic conditions on a multilaned roadway, vehicles moving in response to the audible or visual signals may: (i) increase the potential for a collision; or (ii) unreasonably extend the duration of the pursuit; or (2) complying with a written regulation relating to the use of audible or visible signals adopted by the local government that employs the officer or by the department.

IRG 22.7: Evidence of Financial Responsibility Required - TC 521.143

(a) An application for an original driver's license must be accompanied by evidence of financial responsibility or a statement that the applicant does not own a motor vehicle for which evidence of financial responsibility is required under Chapter 601. The department may require an application for a renewal of a driver's license to be accompanied by evidence of financial responsibility or a statement that the applicant does not own a motor vehicle for which evidence of financial responsibility is required under Chapter 601. (b) Evidence of financial responsibility presented under this section must be in at least the minimum amounts required by Section 601.072 and must cover each motor vehicle owned by the applicant for which the applicant is required to maintain evidence of financial responsibility. The evidence may be shown in the manner provided by Section 601.053(a). (c) A personal automobile insurance policy used as evidence of financial responsibility under this section must comply with Article 5.06 or 5.145, Insurance Code. (d) A statement that an applicant does not own a motor vehicle to which the evidence of financial responsibility requirement applies must be sworn to and signed by the applicant.

IRG 22.15: Automated Motor Vehicle Operation - TC 545.454

(a) An automated motor vehicle may operate in this state with the automated driving system engaged, regardless of whether a human operator is physically present in the vehicle. (b) An automated motor vehicle may not operate on a highway in this state with the automated driving system engaged unless the vehicle is: (1) capable of operating in compliance with applicable traffic and motor vehicle laws of this state, subject to this subchapter; (2) equipped with a recording device, as defined by Section 547.615(a), installed by the manufacturer of the automated motor vehicle or automated driving system; (3) equipped with an automated driving system in compliance with applicable federal law and federal motor vehicle safety standards; (4) registered and titled in accordance with the laws of this state; and (5) covered by motor vehicle liability coverage or self-insurance in an amount equal to the amount of coverage that is required under the laws of this state.

IRG 22.12: Obedience to signal indicating approach of train - TC 545.251

(a) An operator approaching a railroad grade crossing shall stop not closer than 15 feet or farther than 50 feet from the nearest rail if: (1) a clearly visible railroad signal warns of the approach of a railroad train or other on-track equipment; (2) a crossing gate is lowered, or a flagger warns of the approach or passage of a train or other on-track equipment; (3) a railroad engine or other on-track equipment approaching within approximately 1,500 feet of the highway crossing emits a signal audible from that distance and the engine or other equipment is an immediate hazard because of its speed or proximity to the crossing; (4) an approaching railroad train or other on-track equipment is plainly visible to the operator and is in hazardous proximity to the crossing; or (5) the operator is required to stop by: (A) other law; (B) a rule adopted under a statute; (C) an official traffic-control device; or (D) a traffic-control signal. (b) An operator of a vehicle required by Subsection (a) to stop shall remain stopped until permitted to proceed and it is safe to proceed. (c) An operator of a vehicle who approaches a railroad grade crossing equipped with railroad crossbuck signs without automatic, electric, or mechanical signal devices, crossing gates, or a flagger warning of the approach or passage of a train or other on-track equipment shall yield the right-of-way to a train or other on-track equipment in hazardous proximity to the crossing, and proceed at a speed that is reasonable for the existing conditions. If required for safety, the operator shall stop at a clearly marked stop line before the grade crossing or, if no stop line exists, not closer than 15 feet or farther than 50 feet from the nearest rail. (d) An operator commits an offense if the operator drives around, under, or through a crossing gate or a barrier at a railroad crossing while the gate or barrier is closed, being closed, or being opened. (e) In a prosecution under this section, proof that at the time of the offense a train or other on-track equipment was in hazardous proximity to the crossing and that the train or other equipment was plainly visible to the operator is prima facie evidence that it was not safe for the operator to proceed. (f) An offense under this section is punishable by a fine of not less than $50 or more than $200.

IRG 22.11: Vehicle approaching or entering intersection - TC 545.151

(a) An operator approaching an intersection: (1) shall stop, yield, and grant immediate use of the intersection: (A) in obedience to an official traffic-control device, including a stop sign or yield right-of-way sign; or (B) if a traffic-control signal is present but does not display an indication in any of the signal heads; and (2) after stopping, may proceed when the intersection can be safely entered without interference or collision with traffic using a different street or roadway. (b) An operator on a single-lane or two-lane street or roadway who approaches an intersection that is not controlled by an official traffic-control device and that is located on a divided highway or on a street or roadway divided into three or more marked traffic lanes: (1) shall stop, yield, and grant immediate use of the intersection to a vehicle on the other street or roadway that is within the intersection or approaching the intersection in such proximity as to be a hazard; and (2) after stopping, may proceed when the intersection can be safely entered without interference or collision with traffic using a different street or roadway. (c) An operator on an unpaved street or roadway approaching an intersection of a paved street or roadway: (1) shall stop, yield, and grant immediate use of the intersection to a vehicle on the paved street or roadway that is within the intersection or approaching the intersection in such proximity as to be a hazard; and (2) after stopping, may proceed when the intersection can be safely entered without interference or collision with traffic using the paved street or roadway. (d) Except as provided in Subsection (e), an operator approaching an intersection of a street or roadway that is not controlled by an official traffic-control device: (1) shall stop, yield, and grant immediate use of the intersection to a vehicle that has entered the intersection from the operator's right or is approaching the intersection from the operator's right in a proximity that is a hazard; and (2) after stopping, may proceed when the intersection can be safely entered without interference or collision with traffic using a different street or roadway. (e) An operator approaching an intersection of a street or roadway from a street or roadway that terminates at the intersection and that is not controlled by an official traffic-control device or controlled as provided by Subsection (b) or (c): (1) shall stop, yield, and grant immediate use of the intersection to another vehicle that has entered the intersection from the other street or roadway or is approaching the intersection on the other street or roadway in a proximity that is a hazard; and (2) after stopping, may proceed when the intersection can be safely entered without interference or collision with the traffic using the other street or roadway. (f) An operator who is required by this section to stop and yield the right-of-way at an intersection to another vehicle and who is involved in a collision or interferes with other traffic at the intersection to whom right-of-way is to be given is presumed not to have yielded the right-of-way.

IRG 22.9: Driving on improved shoulder - TC 545.058

(a) An operator may drive on an improved shoulder to the right of the main traveled portion of a roadway if that operation is necessary and may be done safely, but only: (1) to stop, stand, or park; (2) to accelerate before entering the main traveled lane of traffic; (3) to decelerate before making a right turn; (4) to pass another vehicle that is slowing or stopped on the main traveled portion of the highway, disabled, or preparing to make a left turn; (5) to allow another vehicle traveling faster to pass; (6) as permitted or required by an official traffic-control device; or (7) to avoid a collision. (b) An operator may drive on an improved shoulder to the left of the main traveled portion of a divided or limited-access or controlled-access highway if that operation may be done safely, but only: (1) to slow or stop when the vehicle is disabled and traffic or other circumstances prohibit the safe movement of the vehicle to the shoulder to the right of the main traveled portion of the roadway; (2) as permitted or required by an official traffic-control device; or (3) to avoid a collision. (c) A limitation in this section on driving on an improved shoulder does not apply to: (1) an authorized emergency vehicle responding to a call; (2) a police patrol; (3) a bicycle; or (4) a slow-moving vehicle, as defined by Section 547

IRG 22.14: Maximum speed requirement - TC 545.351

(a) An operator may not drive at a speed greater than is reasonable and prudent under the circumstances then existing. (b) An operator: (1) may not drive a vehicle at a speed greater than is reasonable and prudent under the conditions and having regard for actual and potential hazards then existing; and (2) shall control the speed of the vehicle as necessary to avoid colliding with another person or vehicle that is on or entering the highway in compliance with law and the duty of each person to use due care. (c) An operator shall, consistent with Subsections (a) and (b), drive at an appropriate reduced speed if: (1) the operator is approaching and crossing an intersection or railroad grade crossing; (2) the operator is approaching and going around a curve; (3) the operator is approaching a hill crest; (4) the operator is traveling on a narrow or winding roadway; and (5) a special hazard exists with regard to traffic, including pedestrians, or weather or highway conditions.

IRG 22.15: Operation of vehicle with insufficient undercarriage - TC 545.427

(a) An operator may not drive on or cross a railroad grade crossing unless the vehicle being operated has sufficient undercarriage clearance. (b) An offense under this section is a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of not less than $50 or more than $200.

IRG 22.9: Passing to the left: safe distance - TC 545.054

(a) An operator may not drive on the left side of the center of the roadway in passing another vehicle unless: (1) driving on the left side of the center of the roadway is authorized by this subtitle; and (2) the left side is clearly visible and free of approaching traffic for a distance sufficient to permit passing without interfering with the operation of the passed vehicle or a vehicle approaching from the opposite direction. (b) An operator passing another vehicle shall return to an authorized lane of travel: (1) before coming within 200 feet of an approaching vehicle, if a lane authorized for vehicles approaching from the opposite direction is used in passing; or otherwise (2) as soon as practicable.

IRG 22.14: Minimum speed regulations - TC 545.363

(a) An operator may not drive so slowly as to impede the normal and reasonable movement of traffic, except when reduced speed is necessary for safe operation or in compliance with law. (b) When the Texas Transportation Commission, the Texas Turnpike Authority, the commissioners court of a county, or the governing body of a municipality, within the jurisdiction of each, as applicable, as specified in Sections 545.353 to 545.357, determines from the results of an engineering and traffic investigation that slow speeds on a part of a highway consistently impede the normal and reasonable movement of traffic, the commission, authority, county commissioners court, or governing body may determine and declare a minimum speed limit on the highway. (c) If appropriate signs are erected giving notice of a minimum speed limit adopted under this section, an operator may not drive a vehicle more slowly than that limit except as necessary for safe operation or in compliance with law.

IRG 22.9: Driving to left of center of roadway: limitations other than passing - TC 545.056

(a) An operator may not drive to the left side of the roadway if the operator is: (1) approaching within 100 feet of an intersection or railroad grade crossing in a municipality; (2) approaching within 100 feet of an intersection or railroad grade crossing outside a municipality and the intersection or crossing is shown by a sign or marking in accordance with Section 545.055; (3) approaching within 100 feet of a bridge, viaduct, or tunnel; or (4) awaiting access to a ferry operated by the Texas Transportation Commission. (b) The limitations in Subsection (a) do not apply: (1) on a one-way roadway; or (2) to an operator turning left into or from an alley or private road or driveway. (c) The Texas Transportation Commission shall post signs along the approach to a ferry operated by the commission notifying operators that passing is prohibited if there is a standing line of vehicles awaiting access to the ferry.

IRG 22.13: Stopping, standing, or parking outside a business or residence district - TC 545.301

(a) An operator may not stop, park, or leave standing an attended or unattended vehicle on the main traveled part of a highway outside a business or residence district unless: (1) stopping, parking, or leaving the vehicle off the main traveled part of the highway is not practicable; (2) a width of highway beside the vehicle is unobstructed and open for the passage of other vehicles; and (3) the vehicle is in clear view for at least 200 feet in each direction on the highway. (b) This section does not apply to an operator of: (1) a vehicle that is disabled while on the paved or main traveled part of a highway if it is impossible to avoid stopping and temporarily leaving the vehicle on the highway; (2) a vehicle used exclusively to transport solid, semisolid, or liquid waste operated at the time in connection with the removal or transportation of solid, semisolid, or liquid waste from a location adjacent to the highway; or (3) a tow truck, as defined by Section 545.157(e), that is performing towing duties under Chapter 2308, Occupations Code.

IRG 22.9: Passing to the right - TC 545.057

(a) An operator may pass to the right of another vehicle only if conditions permit safely passing to the right and: (1) the vehicle being passed is making or about to make a left turn; and (2) the operator is: (A) on a highway having unobstructed pavement not occupied by parked vehicles and sufficient width for two or more lines of moving vehicles in each direction; or (B) on a one-way street or on a roadway having traffic restricted to one direction of movement and the roadway is free from obstructions and wide enough for two or more lines of moving vehicles. (b) An operator may not pass to the right by leaving the main traveled portion of a roadway except as provided by Section 545.058.

IRG 22.15: Following or obstructing fire apparatus or ambulance - TC 545.407

(a) An operator, unless on official business, may not follow closer than 500 feet a fire apparatus responding to a fire alarm or drive into or park the vehicle in the block where the fire apparatus has stopped to answer a fire alarm. (b) An operator may not: (1) follow closer than 500 feet an ambulance that is flashing red lights unless the operator is on official business; or (2) drive or park the vehicle where an ambulance has been summoned for an emergency call in a manner intended to interfere with the arrival or departure of the ambulance.

IRG 22.14: Special speed limitations - TC 545.361

(a) An operator of a moped or a motorcycle equipped with a motor that has an engine piston displacement of 250 cubic centimeters or less may not drive at a speed of more than 35 miles per hour during the time specified by Section 547.302(a) unless the motorcycle or moped is equipped with a headlamp or lamps that reveal a person or vehicle 300 feet ahead. (b) An operator of a vehicle equipped with solid rubber or cushion tires may not drive at a speed of more than 10 miles per hour. (c) An operator driving over a bridge or other elevated structure that is a part of a highway may not drive at a speed of more than the maximum speed that can be maintained with safety to the bridge or structure, when signs are posted as provided by this section. (d) An operator of self-propelled machinery designed or adapted for applying plant food materials or agricultural chemicals and not designed or adapted for the sole purpose of transporting the materials or chemicals may not drive at a speed of more than 30 miles per hour unless the machinery is registered under Chapter 502. (e) The Texas Transportation Commission, for a state highway, the Texas Turnpike Authority, for any part of a turnpike constructed and maintained by the authority, and a local authority for a highway under the jurisdiction of the local authority, may investigate a bridge or other elevated structure that is a part of a highway. If after conducting the investigation the commission, turnpike authority, or local authority finds that the structure cannot safely withstand vehicles traveling at a speed otherwise permissible under this subtitle, the commission, turnpike authority, or local authority shall: (1) determine and declare the maximum speed of vehicles that the structure can safely withstand; and (2) post and maintain signs before each end of the structure stating the maximum speed.

IRG 22.15: Riding on motorcycle - TC 545.416

(a) An operator of a motorcycle or moped shall ride on the permanent and regular seat attached to the motorcycle or moped. (b) An operator may not carry another person on the motorcycle or moped, and a person who is not operating the motorcycle or moped may not ride on the motorcycle or moped, unless the motorcycle or moped is: (1) designed to carry more than one person; and (2) equipped with footrests and handholds for use by the passenger. (c) If the motorcycle or moped is designed to carry more than one person, a passenger may ride only on the permanent and regular seat, if designed for two persons, or on another seat firmly attached to the motorcycle or moped behind or to the side of the operator. (d) Except as provided by Subsection (e), an operator may not carry another person on a motorcycle or moped unless the other person is at least five years of age. An offense under this subsection is a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of not less than $100 or more than $200. It is a defense to prosecution under this subsection that the operator was operating the motorcycle or moped in an emergency or for a law enforcement purpose. (e) Subsection (d) does not prohibit an operator from carrying on a motorcycle or moped a person younger than five years of age who is seated in a sidecar attached to the motorcycle or moped.

IRG 22.15: Safety chains - TC 545.410

(a) An operator of a passenger car or light truck may not draw a trailer, semitrailer, house trailer, or another motor vehicle unless safety chains of a type approved by the department are attached in a manner approved by the department from the trailer, semitrailer, house trailer, or drawn motor vehicle to the drawing vehicle. This subsection does not apply to the drawing of a trailer or semitrailer used for agricultural purposes. (b) The department shall adopt rules prescribing the type of safety chains required to be used according to the weight of the trailer, semitrailer, house trailer, or motor vehicle being drawn. The rules shall: (1) require safety chains to be strong enough to maintain the connection between the trailer, semitrailer, house trailer, or drawn motor vehicle and the drawing vehicle; and (2) show the proper method to attach safety chains between the trailer, semitrailer, house trailer, or drawn motor vehicle and the drawing vehicle. (c) Subsection (b) does not apply to trailers, semitrailers, or house trailers that are equipped with safety chains installed by the original manufacturer before the effective date of the rules. (d) This section does not apply to a trailer, semitrailer, house trailer, or drawn motor vehicle that is operated in compliance with the federal motor carrier safety regulations. (e) In this section, "safety chains" means flexible tension members connected from the front of a drawn vehicle to the rear of the drawing vehicle to maintain connection between the vehicles if the primary connecting system fails.

IRG 22.9: · Passing a school bus; offense - TC 545.066

(a) An operator on a highway, when approaching from either direction a school bus stopped on the highway to receive or discharge a student: (1) shall stop before reaching the school bus when the bus is operating a visual signal as required by Section 547.701; and (2) may not proceed until: (A) the school bus resumes motion; (B) the operator is signaled by the bus driver to proceed; or (C) the visual signal is no longer actuated. (b) An operator on a highway having separate roadways is not required to stop: (1) for a school bus that is on a different roadway; or (2) if on a controlled-access highway, for a school bus that is stopped: (A) in a loading zone that is a part of or adjacent to the highway; and (B) where pedestrians are not permitted to cross the roadway. (c) An offense under this section is a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of not less than $500 or more than $1,250, except that the offense is: (1) a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of not less than $1,000 or more than $2,000 if the person is convicted of a second or subsequent offense under this section committed within five years of the date on which the most recent preceding offense was committed; (2) a Class A misdemeanor if the person causes serious bodily injury to another; or (3) a state jail felony if the person has been previously convicted under Subdivision (2). (d) The court may order that the driver's license of a person convicted of a second or subsequent offense under this section be suspended for not longer than six months beginning on the date of conviction. In this subsection, "driver's license" has the meaning assigned by Chapter 521. (e) If a person does not pay the previously assessed fine or costs on a conviction under this section, or is determined by the court to have insufficient resources or income to pay a fine or costs on a conviction under this section, the court may order the person to perform community service. The court shall set the number of hours of service under this subsection. (f) For the purposes of this section: (1) a highway is considered to have separate roadways only if the highway has roadways separated by an intervening space on which operation of vehicles is not permitted, a physical barrier, or a clearly indicated dividing section constructed to impede vehicular traffic; and (2) a highway is not considered to have separate roadways if the highway has roadways separated only by a left turn lane.

IRG 22.9: Driving on roadway lane for traffic - TC 545.060

(a) An operator on a roadway divided into two or more clearly marked lanes for traffic: (1) shall drive as nearly as practical entirely within a single lane; and (2) may not move from the lane unless that movement can be made safely. (b) If a roadway is divided into three lanes and provides for two-way movement of traffic, an operator on the roadway may not drive in the center lane except: (1) if passing another vehicle and the center lane is clear of traffic within a safe distance; (2) in preparing to make a left turn; or (3) where the center lane is designated by an official traffic-control device for movement in the direction in which the operator is moving. (c) Without regard to the center of the roadway, an official traffic-control device may be erected directing slow-moving traffic to use a designated lane or designating lanes to be used by traffic moving in a particular direction. (d) Official traffic-control devices prohibiting the changing of lanes on sections of roadway may be installed.

IRG 22.9: Driving on right side of roadway - TC 545.051

(a) An operator on a roadway of sufficient width shall drive on the right half of the roadway, unless: (1) the operator is passing another vehicle; (2) an obstruction necessitates moving the vehicle left of the center of the roadway and the operator yields the right-of-way to a vehicle that: (A) is moving in the proper direction on the unobstructed portion of the roadway; and (B) is an immediate hazard; (3) the operator is on a roadway divided into three marked lanes for traffic; or (4) the operator is on a roadway restricted to one-way traffic. (b) An operator of a vehicle on a roadway moving more slowly than the normal speed of other vehicles at the time and place under the existing conditions shall drive in the right-hand lane available for vehicles, or as close as practicable to the right-hand curb or edge of the roadway, unless the operator is: (1) passing another vehicle; or (2) preparing for a left turn at an intersection or into a private road or driveway. (c) An operator on a roadway having four or more lanes for moving vehicles and providing for two-way movement of vehicles may not drive left of the center line of the roadway except: (1) as authorized by an official traffic-control device designating a specified lane to the left side of the center of the roadway for use by a vehicle not otherwise permitted to use the lane; (2) under the conditions described by Subsection (a)(2); or (3) in crossing the center line to make a left turn into or out of an alley, private road, or driveway.

IRG 22.9: Passing to the left, return; being passed - TC 545.053

(a) An operator passing another vehicle: (1) shall pass to the left of the other vehicle at a safe distance; and (2) may not move back to the right side of the roadway until safely clear of the passed vehicle. (b) An operator being passed by another vehicle: (1) shall, on audible signal, move or remain to the right in favor of the passing vehicle; and (2) may not accelerate until completely passed by the passing vehicle. (c) Subsection (b) does not apply when passing to the right is permitted.

IRG 22.9: Passing to the left: passing zones - TC 545.055

(a) An operator shall obey the directions of a sign or marking in Subsection (c) or (d) if the sign or marking is in place and clearly visible to an ordinarily observant person. (b) An operator may not drive on the left side of the roadway in a no-passing zone or on the left side of any pavement striping designed to mark a no-passing zone. This subsection does not prohibit a driver from crossing pavement striping, or the center line in a no-passing zone marked by signs only, to make a left turn into or out of an alley or private road or driveway. (c) The Texas Transportation Commission, on a state highway under the jurisdiction of the commission, may: (1) determine those portions of the highway where passing or driving to the left of the roadway would be especially hazardous; and (2) show the beginning and end of each no-passing zone by appropriate signs or markings on the roadway. (d) A local authority, on a highway under the jurisdiction of the local authority, may: (1) determine those portions of the highway where passing or driving to the left of the roadway would be especially hazardous; and (2) show the beginning and end of each no-passing zone by appropriate signs or markings on the roadway.

IRG 22.10: Signaling turns; use of turn signals - TC 545.104

(a) An operator shall use the signal authorized by Section 545.106 to indicate an intention to turn, change lanes, or start from a parked position. (b) An operator intending to turn a vehicle right or left shall signal continuously for not less than the last 100 feet of movement of the vehicle before the turn. (c) An operator may not light the signals on only one side of the vehicle on a parked or disabled vehicle or use the signals as a courtesy or "do pass" signal to the operator of another vehicle approaching from the rear.

IRG 22.9: Following distance - TC 545.062

(a) An operator shall, if following another vehicle, maintain an assured clear distance between the two vehicles so that, considering the speed of the vehicles, traffic, and the conditions of the highway, the operator can safely stop without colliding with the preceding vehicle or veering into another vehicle, object, or person on or near the highway. (b) An operator of a truck or of a motor vehicle drawing another vehicle who is on a roadway outside a business or residential district and who is following another truck or motor vehicle drawing another vehicle shall, if conditions permit, leave sufficient space between the vehicles so that a vehicle passing the operator can safely enter and occupy the space. This subsection does not prohibit a truck or a motor vehicle drawing another vehicle from passing another vehicle. (c) An operator on a roadway outside a business or residential district driving in a caravan of other vehicles or a motorcade shall allow sufficient space between the operator and the vehicle preceding the operator so that another vehicle can safely enter and occupy the space. This subsection does not apply to a funeral procession. (d) An operator of a vehicle equipped with a connected braking system that is following another vehicle equipped with that system may be assisted by the system to maintain an assured clear distance or sufficient space as required by this section. In this subsection, "connected braking system" means a system by which the braking of one vehicle is electronically coordinated with the braking system of a following vehicle.

IRG 22.13: Additional parking regulations - TC 545.303

(a) An operator who stops or parks on a two-way roadway shall do so with the right-hand wheels of the vehicle parallel to and within 18 inches of the right-hand curb or edge of the roadway. (b) An operator who stops or parks on a one-way roadway shall stop or park the vehicle parallel to the curb or edge of the roadway in the direction of authorized traffic movement with the right-hand wheels within 18 inches of the right-hand curb or edge of the roadway or the left-hand wheels within 18 inches of the left-hand curb or edge of the roadway. This subsection does not apply where a local ordinance otherwise regulates stopping or parking on the one-way roadway. (c) A local authority by ordinance may permit angle parking on a roadway. This subsection does not apply to a federal-aid or state highway unless the director of the Texas Department of Transportation determines that the roadway is wide enough to permit angle parking without interfering with the free movement of traffic. (d) The Texas Department of Transportation, on a highway under the jurisdiction of that department, may place signs prohibiting or restricting the stopping, standing, or parking of a vehicle on the highway where the director of the Texas Department of Transportation determines that stopping, standing, or parking is dangerous to, or would unduly interfere with, the free movement of traffic on the highway. (e) To the extent of any conflict between Subsection (a) or (b) and a municipal ordinance adopted under Section 545.302(g), the ordinance controls.

IRG 22.7: Order Requirements - TC 521.248

(a) An order granting an occupational license must specify: (1) the hours of the day and days of the week during which the person may operate a motor vehicle; (2) the reasons for which the person may operate a motor vehicle; (3) areas or routes of travel permitted; (4) that the person is restricted to the operation of a motor vehicle equipped with an ignition interlock device, if applicable; and (5) that the person must submit to periodic testing for alcohol or controlled substances, if applicable. (b) The person may not operate a motor vehicle for more than four hours in any 24-hour period, except that on a showing of necessity the court may allow the person to drive for any period determined by the court that does not exceed 12 hours in any 24-hour period. (c) An order granting an occupational license remains valid until the end of the period of suspension of the person's regular driver's license. (d) A person who is restricted to the operation of a motor vehicle equipped with an ignition interlock device may not be subject to any time of travel, reason for travel, or location of travel restrictions described by Subsection (a)(1), (2), or (3) or (b).

IRG 22.12: Vehicles carrying explosive substances or flammable liquids - TC 545.254

(a) Before crossing a railroad grade crossing, an operator of a vehicle that has an explosive substance or flammable liquid as the vehicle's principal cargo and that is moving at a speed of more than 20 miles per hour: (1) shall reduce the speed of the vehicle to 20 miles per hour or less before coming within 200 feet of the nearest rail of the railroad; (2) shall listen and look in both directions along the track for an approaching train or other on-track equipment and for signals indicating the approach of a train or other on-track equipment; and (3) may not proceed until the operator determines that the course is clear. (b) The operator of a vehicle that has an explosive substance or flammable liquid as the vehicle's principal cargo, before crossing a railroad grade crossing on a highway in a municipality: (1) shall stop the vehicle not closer than 15 feet or farther than 50 feet from the nearest rail of the railroad; (2) while stopped, shall listen and look in both directions along the track for an approaching train or other on-track equipment and for signals indicating the approach of a train or other on-track equipment; and (3) may not proceed until the operator determines that the course is clear. (c) Subsections (a) and (b) do not apply: (1) if a police officer, crossing flagger, or traffic-control signal directs traffic to proceed; (2) where a railroad flashing signal is installed and does not indicate an approaching train or other on-track equipment; (3) to an abandoned or exempted grade crossing that is clearly marked by or with the consent of the state, if the markings can be read from the operator's location; (4) at a streetcar crossing in a business or residential district of a municipality; or (5) to a railroad track used exclusively for industrial switching purposes in a business district. (d) This section does not exempt the operator from compliance with Section 545.251 or 545.252. (e) An offense under this section is punishable by a fine of not less than $50 or more than $200.

IRG 22.7: License Expiration: Person at Least 85 Years of Age - TC 521.2711

(a) Each original driver's license of a person 85 years of age or older expires on the license holder's second birthday after the date of the license application. (b) A driver's license of a person 85 years of age or older that is renewed expires on the second anniversary of the expiration date before renewal. (c) Notwithstanding Subsections (a) and (b), an original or renewal driver's license issued to an applicant who is 85 years of age or older and not a citizen, national, or legal permanent resident of the United States or a refugee or asylee lawfully admitted into the United States expires on: (1) the earlier of: (A) the second anniversary of the expiration date before renewal; or (B) the expiration date of the applicant's authorized stay in the United States; or (2) the first anniversary of the date of issuance if there is no definite expiration date for the applicant's authorized stay in the United States.

IRG 22.7: License Expiration - TC 521.271

(a) Each original driver's license, provisional license, learner license, or occupational driver's license issued to an applicant who is a citizen, national, or legal permanent resident of the United States or a refugee or asylee lawfully admitted into the United States expires as follows: (1) except as provided by Section 521.2711, a driver's license expires on the first birthday of the license holder occurring after the eighth anniversary of the date of the application; (2) a provisional license expires on the 18th birthday of the license holder; (3) a learner license expires on the 18th birthday of the license holder; (4) an occupational driver's license expires on the first anniversary of the court order granting the license; and (5) unless an earlier date is otherwise provided, a driver's license issued to a person whose residence or domicile is a correctional facility or a parole facility expires on the first birthday of the license holder occurring after the first anniversary of the date of issuance. (a-1) Repealed by Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1160, Sec. 5, eff. September 1, 2011. (a-2) Each original driver's license issued to an applicant who is not a citizen, national, or legal permanent resident of the United States or a refugee or asylee lawfully admitted into the United States expires on: (1) the earlier of: (A) the first birthday of the license holder occurring after the sixth anniversary of the date of the application; or (B) the expiration date of the license holder's lawful presence in the United States as determined by the appropriate United States agency in compliance with federal law; or (2) the first anniversary of the date of issuance, if there is no definite expiration date for the applicant's authorized stay in the United States. (a-3) Each original provisional license or learner license issued to an applicant who is not a citizen, national, or legal permanent resident of the United States or a refugee or asylee lawfully admitted into the United States expires on the earliest of: (1) the 18th birthday of the license holder; (2) the first birthday of the license holder occurring after the date of the application; or (3) the expiration of the license holder's lawful presence in the United States as determined by the United States agency responsible for citizenship and immigration in compliance with federal law. (a-4) Each original occupational driver's license issued to an applicant who is not a citizen, national, or legal permanent resident of the United States or a refugee or asylee lawfully admitted into the United States expires on the earlier of: (1) the first anniversary of the date of issuance; or (2) the expiration of the license holder's lawful presence in the United States as determined by the appropriate United States agency in compliance with federal law. (b) Except as provided by Section 521.2711, a driver's license that is renewed expires on the earlier of: (1) the eighth anniversary of the expiration date before renewal if the applicant is a citizen, national, or legal permanent resident of the United States or a refugee or asylee lawfully admitted into the United States; (1-a) for an applicant not described by Subdivision (1): (A) the earlier of: (i) the eighth anniversary of the expiration date before renewal; or (ii) the expiration date of the applicant's authorized stay in the United States; or (B) the first anniversary of the date of issuance, if there is no definite expiration date for the applicant's authorized stay in the United States; or (2) for a renewal driver's license issued to a person whose residence or domicile is a correctional facility or a parole facility, the first birthday of the license holder occurring after the first anniversary of the date of issuance unless an earlier date is otherwise provided.

IRG 22.7: General Violation - TC 521.451

(a) Except as provided by Section 521.452, a person may not: (1) display, cause or permit to be displayed, or have in the person's possession a driver's license or certificate that the person knows is fictitious or has been altered; (2) lend the person's driver's license or certificate to another person or knowingly permit another person to use the person's driver's license or certificate; (3) display or represent as the person's own a driver's license or certificate not issued to the person; (4) possess more than one currently valid driver's license or more than one currently valid certificate; or (5) in an application for an original, renewal, or duplicate driver's license or certificate: (A) provide a false name, false address, or a counterfeit document; or (B) knowingly make a false statement, conceal a material fact, or otherwise commit fraud. (b) An offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor. (c) If conduct that constitutes an offense under Subsection (a) also constitutes an offense under Section 106.07, Alcoholic Beverage Code, the actor may be prosecuted only under Section 106.07, Alcoholic Beverage Code.

IRG 22.15: Unattended motor vehicle - TC 545.404

(a) Except as provided by Subsection (b), an operator may not leave a vehicle unattended without: (1) stopping the engine; (2) locking the ignition; (3) removing the key from the ignition; (4) setting the parking brake effectively; and (5) if standing on a grade, turning the front wheels to the curb or side of the highway. (b) The requirements of Subsections (a)(1), (2), and (3) do not apply to an operator who starts the engine of a vehicle by using a remote starter or other similar device that: (1) remotely starts the vehicle's engine without placing the key in the ignition; and (2) requires the key to be placed in the ignition or physically present in the vehicle before the vehicle can be operated.

IRG 22.10: Signals by hand and arm or by signal lamp - TC 545.106

(a) Except as provided by Subsection (b), an operator required to give a stop or turn signal shall do so by: (1) using the hand and arm; or (2) lighting signal lamps approved by the department. (b) A motor vehicle in use on a highway shall be equipped with signal lamps, and the required signal shall be given by lighting the lamps, if: (1) the distance from the center of the top of the steering post to the left outside limit of the body, cab, or load of the motor vehicle is more than two feet; or (2) the distance from the center of the top of the steering post to the rear limit of the body or load, including the body or load of a combination of vehicles, is more than 14 feet.

IRG 22.6: Fine for offense in Construction or Maintenance Work Zone - TC 542.404

(a) Except as provided by Subsection (c), if an offense under this subtitle, other than an offense under Chapter 548 or 552 or Section 545.412 or 545.413, is committed in a construction or maintenance work zone when workers are present and any written notice to appear issued for the offense states on its face that workers were present when the offense was committed: (1) the minimum fine applicable to the offense is twice the minimum fine that would be applicable to the offense if it were committed outside a construction or maintenance work zone; and (2) the maximum fine applicable to the offense is twice the maximum fine that would be applicable to the offense if it were committed outside a construction or maintenance work zone. (b) In this section, "construction or maintenance work zone" has the meaning assigned by Section 472.022. (c) The fine prescribed by Subsection (a) applies to a violation of a prima facie speed limit authorized by Subchapter H, Chapter 545, only if the construction or maintenance work zone is marked by a sign indicating the applicable maximum lawful speed.

IRG 22.12: Buses to stop at all railroad grade crossings - TC 545.253

(a) Except as provided by Subsection (c), the operator of a motor bus carrying passengers for hire, before crossing a railroad grade crossing: (1) shall stop the vehicle not closer than 15 feet or farther than 50 feet from the nearest rail of the railroad; (2) while stopped, shall listen and look in both directions along the track for an approaching train or other on-track equipment and signals indicating the approach of a train or other on-track equipment; and (3) may not proceed until it is safe to do so. (b) After stopping as required by Subsection (a), an operator described by Subsection (a) shall proceed without manually shifting gears while crossing the track. (c) A vehicle is not required to stop at the crossing if a police officer or a traffic-control signal directs traffic to proceed. (d) This section does not apply at a railway grade crossing in a business or residence district. (e) An offense under this section is punishable by a fine of not less than $50 or more than $200.

IRG 22.12: School buses to stop at all railroad grade crossings - TC 545.2535

(a) Except as provided by Subsection (c), the operator of a school bus, before crossing a track at a railroad grade crossing: (1) shall stop the vehicle not closer than 15 feet or farther than 50 feet from the track; (2) while stopped, shall listen and look in both directions along the track for an approaching train or other on-track equipment and signals indicating the approach of a train or other on-track equipment; and (3) may not proceed until it is safe to do so. (b) After stopping as required by Subsection (a), the operator may proceed in a gear that permits the vehicle to complete the crossing without a change of gears. The operator may not shift gears while crossing the track. (c) An operator is not required to stop at: (1) an abandoned railroad grade crossing that is marked with a sign reading "tracks out of service"; or (2) an industrial or spur line railroad grade crossing that is marked with a sign reading "exempt." (d) A sign under Subsection (c) may be erected only by or with the consent of the appropriate state or local governmental official.

IRG 22.7: Fictitious License or Certificate - TC 521.453

(a) Except as provided by Subsection (f), a person under the age of 21 years commits an offense if the person possesses, with the intent to represent that the person is 21 years of age or older, a document that is deceptively similar to a driver's license or a personal identification certificate unless the document displays the statement "NOT A GOVERNMENT DOCUMENT" diagonally printed clearly and indelibly on both the front and back of the document in solid red capital letters at least one-fourth inch in height. (b) For purposes of this section, a document is deceptively similar to a driver's license or personal identification certificate if a reasonable person would assume that it was issued by the department, another agency of this state, another state, or the United States. (c) A peace officer listed in Article 2.12, Code of Criminal Procedure, may confiscate a document that: (1) is deceptively similar to a driver's license or personal identification certificate; and (2) does not display the statement required under Subsection (a). (d) For purposes of this section, an offense under Subsection (a) is a Class C misdemeanor. (e) The attorney general, district attorney, or prosecuting attorney performing the duties of the district attorney may bring an action to enjoin a violation or threatened violation of this section. The action must be brought in a court in the county in which the violation or threatened violation occurs. (f) Subsection (a) does not apply to: (1) a government agency, office, or political subdivision that is authorized to produce or sell personal identification certificates; or (2) a person that provides a document similar to a personal identification certificate to an employee of the person for a business purpose. (g) In this section: (1) "Driver's license" includes a driver's license issued by another state or by the United States. (2) "Personal identification certificate" means a personal identification certificate issued by the department, by another agency of this state, by another state, or by the United States. (h) In addition to the punishment provided by Subsection (d), a court, if the court is located in a municipality or county that has established a community service program, may order a person younger than 21 years of age who commits an offense under this section to perform eight hours of community service unless the person is shown to have previously committed an offense under this section, in which case the court may order the person to perform 12 hours of community service. (i) If the person ordered to perform community service under Subsection (h) is younger than 17 years of age, the community service shall be performed as if ordered by a juvenile court under Section 54.044(a), Family Code, as a condition of probation under Section 54.04(d), Family Code.

IRG 22.7: Accident and Conviction Reports; Individual Records - TC 521.042

(a) Except as provided by this section, the department shall record each accident report and abstract of the court record of a conviction received by the department under a law of this state. (b) The records must enable the department to consider, on receipt of a renewal application and at other suitable times, the record of each license holder that shows any: (1) conviction of that license holder; and (2) traffic accident in which the license holder has been involved. (c) The record of a license holder who is employed as a peace officer, fire fighter, or emergency medical services employee of this state, a political subdivision of this state, or a special purpose district may not include information relating to a traffic accident that occurs while the peace officer, fire fighter, or emergency medical services employee is driving an official vehicle in the course and scope of the license holder's official duties if: (1) the traffic accident resulted in damages to property of less than $1,000; or (2) an investigation of the accident by a peace officer, other than a peace officer involved in the accident, determines that the peace officer, fire fighter, or emergency medical services employee involved in the accident was not at fault. (d) Before issuing or renewing a license, the department shall examine the record of the applicant for information relating to a conviction of a traffic violation or involvement in a traffic accident. The department may not issue or renew a license if the department determines that the issuance or renewal of the license would be inimical to the public safety. (e) The director may maintain records required under this subchapter on microfilm or computer.

IRG 22.16: Designated emergency vehicle during declared disasters - TC 546.006

(a) From recommendations made under Section 418.013(c), Government Code, the department shall designate which vehicles may be operated by which designated organizations as emergency vehicles during declared disasters. (b) A vehicle designated under Subsection (a) may be operated by a designated organization as if the vehicle were an authorized emergency vehicle under this subtitle if: (1) the governor declares a state of disaster under Section 418.014, Government Code; (2) the department requests assistance from the designated organization; and (3) the vehicle is operated by the designated organization or a member of the designated organization in response to the state of disaster. (c) The department shall adopt rules as necessary to implement this section.

IRG 22.14: Authority of Texas Transportation Commission to alter speed limits - TC 545.353

(a) If the Texas Transportation Commission determines from the results of an engineering and traffic investigation that a prima facie speed limit in this subchapter is unreasonable or unsafe on a part of the highway system, the commission, by order recorded in its minutes, and except as provided in Subsection (d), may determine and declare: (1) a reasonable and safe prima facie speed limit; and (2) another reasonable and safe speed because of wet or inclement weather. (b) In determining whether a prima facie speed limit on a part of the highway system is reasonable and safe, the commission shall consider the width and condition of the pavement, the usual traffic at the affected area, and other circumstances. (c) A prima facie speed limit that is declared by the commission under this section is effective when the commission erects signs giving notice of the new limit. A new limit that is enacted for a highway under this section is effective at all times or at other times as determined. (d) Except as provided by Subsection (h-1), the commission may not: (1) modify the rules established by Section 545.351(b); (2) establish a speed limit of more than 75 miles per hour; or (3) increase the speed limit for a vehicle described by Section 545.352(b)(4). (e) The commission, in conducting the engineering and traffic investigation specified by Subsection (a), shall follow the "Procedure for Establishing Speed Zones" as adopted by the commission. The commission may revise the procedure to accommodate technological advancement in traffic operation, the design and construction of highways and motor vehicles, and the safety of the motoring public. (f) The commission's authority to alter speed limits applies: (1) to any part of a highway officially designated or marked by the commission as part of the state highway system; and (2) both inside and outside the limits of a municipality, including a home-rule municipality, for a limited-access or controlled-access highway. (g) For purposes of this section, "wet or inclement weather" means a condition of the roadway that makes driving on the roadway unsafe and hazardous and that is caused by precipitation, including water, ice, and snow. (h) Notwithstanding Section 545.352(b), the commission may establish a speed limit of 75 miles per hour on a part of the highway system if the commission determines that 75 miles per hour is a reasonable and safe speed for that part of the highway system. (h-1) Notwithstanding Section 545.352(b), the commission may establish a speed limit of 80 miles per hour on a part of Interstate Highway 10 or Interstate Highway 20 in Crockett, Culberson, Hudspeth, Jeff Davis, Kerr, Kimble, Pecos, Reeves, Sutton, or Ward County if the commission determines that 80 miles per hour is a reasonable and safe speed for that part of the highway. (h-2) Notwithstanding Section 545.352(b), the commission may establish a speed limit not to exceed 85 miles per hour on a part of the state highway system if: (1) that part of the highway system is designed to accommodate travel at that established speed or a higher speed; and (2) the commission determines, after an engineering and traffic investigation, that the established speed limit is reasonable and safe for that part of the highway system. (i) Repealed by Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 265, Sec. 9, eff. September 1, 2011. (j) The commission may not determine or declare, or agree to determine or declare, a prima facie speed limit for environmental purposes on a part of the highway system.

IRG 22.8: Changeable Message Sign System - TC 544.013

(a) In this section, "changeable message sign" means a sign that conforms to the manual and specifications adopted under Section 544.001. The term includes a dynamic message sign. (b) The Texas Department of Transportation in cooperation with local governments shall actively manage a system of changeable message signs located on highways under the jurisdiction of the department to mitigate traffic congestion by providing current information to the traveling public, including information about traffic incidents, weather conditions, road construction, and alternative routes when applicable.

IRG 22.7: Driving While Having Alcohol in System Prohibited - TC 522.101

(a) Notwithstanding any other law of this state, a person may not drive a commercial motor vehicle in this state while having a measurable or detectable amount of alcohol in the person's system. (b) A person who violates Subsection (a) or who refuses to submit to an alcohol test under Section 522.102 shall be placed out of service for 24 hours. (c) A peace officer may issue an out-of-service order based on probable cause that the person has violated this section. The order must be on a form approved by the department. The peace officer shall submit the order to the department.

IRG 22.9: Driving on divided highway - TC 545.063

(a) On a highway having two or more roadways separated by a space, physical barrier, or clearly indicated dividing section constructed to impede vehicular traffic, an operator shall drive on the right roadway unless directed or permitted to use another roadway by an official traffic-control device or police officer. (b) An operator may not drive over, across, or in a dividing space, physical barrier, or section constructed to impede vehicular traffic except: (1) through an opening in the physical barrier or dividing section or space; or (2) at a crossover or intersection established by a public authority.

IRG 22.11: Vehicle approached by authorized emergency vehicle - TC 545.156

(a) On the immediate approach of an authorized emergency vehicle using audible and visual signals that meet the requirements of Sections 547.305 and 547.702, or of a police vehicle lawfully using only an audible or visual signal, an operator, unless otherwise directed by a police officer, shall: (1) yield the right-of-way; (2) immediately drive to a position parallel to and as close as possible to the right-hand edge or curb of the roadway clear of any intersection; and (3) stop and remain standing until the authorized emergency vehicle has passed. (b) This section does not exempt the operator of an authorized emergency vehicle from the duty to drive with due regard for the safety of all persons using the highway.

IRG 22.11: Vehicle entering stop or yield intersection - TC 545.153

(a) Preferential right-of-way at an intersection may be indicated by a stop sign or yield sign as authorized in Section 544.003. (b) Unless directed to proceed by a police officer or official traffic-control device, an operator approaching an intersection on a roadway controlled by a stop sign, after stopping as required by Section 544.010, shall yield the right-of-way to a vehicle that has entered the intersection from another highway or that is approaching so closely as to be an immediate hazard to the operator's movement in or across the intersection. (c) An operator approaching an intersection on a roadway controlled by a yield sign shall: (1) slow to a speed that is reasonable under the existing conditions; and (2) yield the right-of-way to a vehicle in the intersection or approaching on another highway so closely as to be an immediate hazard to the operator's movement in or across the intersection. (d) If an operator is required by Subsection (c) to yield and is involved in a collision with a vehicle in an intersection after the operator drove past a yield sign without stopping, the collision is prima facie evidence that the operator failed to yield the right-of-way.

IRG 22.7: Restricted Class M License - 521.224

(a) Repealed by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 882 (H.B. 3171), Sec. 3.01(1), eff. September 1, 2019. (b) The department may issue a special restricted Class M license that authorizes the holder to operate only a motorcycle that has not more than a 250 cubic centimeter piston displacement. (c) A person is eligible for a restricted motorcycle license if the person: (1) is 15 years of age or older but under 18 years of age; (2) has completed and passed a motorcycle operator training course approved by the department; and (3) has met the requirements imposed under Section 521.145. (d) The department shall make the motorcycle operator training course available. (e) On the 16th birthday of a holder of a special restricted Class M license, the department shall remove the 250 cubic centimeter restriction from the license without completion by the holder of an additional motorcycle operator training course. (f) An applicant for the special restricted license must apply in accordance with Subchapter G. The applicant is subject to the requirements of Section 521.161 and to other provisions of this chapter in the same manner as an applicant for another license. The department shall prescribe the form of the license.

IRG 22.12: All vehicles to stop at certain railroad grade crossings - TC 545.252

(a) The Texas Department of Transportation or a local authority, with respect to a highway in its jurisdiction, may: (1) designate a railroad grade crossing as particularly dangerous; and (2) erect a stop sign or other official traffic-control device at the grade crossing. (b) An operator approaching a stop sign or other official traffic-control device that requires a stop and that is erected under Subsection (a) shall stop not closer than 15 feet or farther than 50 feet from the nearest rail of the railroad and may proceed only with due care. (c) The costs of installing and maintaining a mechanically operated grade crossing safety device, gate, sign, or signal erected under this section shall be apportioned and paid on the same percentage ratio and in the same proportionate amounts by this state and all participating political subdivisions of this state as costs are apportioned and paid between the state and the United States. (d) An offense under this section is punishable by a fine of not less than $50 or more than $200.

IRG 22.9: One-way roadway and rotary traffic islands - TC 545.059

(a) The Texas Transportation Commission may designate a highway or separate roadway under the jurisdiction of the commission for one-way traffic and shall erect appropriate signs giving notice of the designation. (b) On a roadway that is designated and on which signs are erected for one-way traffic, an operator shall drive only in the direction indicated. (c) An operator moving around a rotary traffic island shall drive only to the right of the island.

IRG 22.14: Authority of County Commissioners Court to Alter Speed Limits - TC 545.355

(a) The commissioners court of a county, for a county road or highway outside the limits of the right-of-way of an officially designated or marked highway or road of the state highway system and outside a municipality, has the same authority to increase prima facie speed limits from the results of an engineering and traffic investigation as the Texas Transportation Commission on an officially designated or marked highway of the state highway system. (b) The commissioners court of a county may declare a lower speed limit of not less than: (1) 30 miles per hour on a county road or highway to which this section applies, if the commissioners court determines that the prima facie speed limit on the road or highway is unreasonable or unsafe; or (2) 20 miles per hour: (A) in a residence district, unless the roadway has been designated as a major thoroughfare by a city planning commission; or (B) on a county road or highway to which this section applies that is located within 500 feet of an elementary, secondary, or open-enrollment charter school or an institution of higher education, if approved under Section 545.357. (c) The commissioners court may not modify the rule established by Section 545.351(a) or establish a speed limit of more than 70 miles per hour. (d) The commissioners court may modify a prima facie speed limit in accordance with this section only by an order entered on its records. (e) The commissioners court of a county with a population of more than 2.8 million may establish from the results of an engineering and traffic investigation a speed limit of not more than 75 miles per hour on any part of a highway of that county that is a limited-access or controlled-access highway, regardless of the location of the part of the highway.

IRG 22.7: Notice to Department; Issuance of Occupational License - TC 521.249

(a) The court shall send a certified copy of the petition and the court order setting out the judge's findings and restrictions to the department. The person may use a copy of the order as a restricted license until the 45th day after the date on which the order takes effect. (b) On receipt of the copy under this section and after compliance with Chapter 601, the department shall issue an occupational license to the person. The license must refer on its face to the court order.

IRG 22.7: Classifications - TC 522.041

(a) The department may issue a Class A, Class B, or Class C commercial driver's license or commercial learner's permit. (b) Class A covers a combination of vehicles with a gross combination weight rating of 26,001 pounds or more, if the gross vehicle weight rating of the towed vehicle or vehicles exceeds 10,000 pounds. (c) Class B covers: (1) a single vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating of 26,001 pounds or more; (2) a single vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating of 26,001 pounds or more towing a vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating of 10,000 pounds or less; and (3) a vehicle designed to transport 24 passengers or more, including the driver. (d) Class C covers a single vehicle or combination of vehicles not described by Subsection (b) or (c) that is: (1) designed to transport 16-23 passengers, including the driver; or (2) used in the transportation of hazardous materials that require the vehicle to be placarded under 49 C.F.R. Part 172, Subpart F. (e) The holder of a commercial driver's license or commercial learner's permit may drive any vehicle in the class for which the license or permit is issued and lesser classes of vehicles except a motorcycle. The holder may drive a motorcycle only if authorization to drive a motorcycle is shown on the commercial driver's license and the requirements for issuance of a motorcycle license have been met.

IRG 22.7: Instruction Permit - TC 521.222

(a) The department may issue a learner license, including a Class A or Class B driver's learner license, to a person who: (1) is 15 years of age or older but under 18 years of age; (2) has satisfactorily completed and passed the classroom phase of an approved driver education course, which may be a course taught under Section 1001.112, Education Code; (3) meets the requirements imposed under Section 521.204(a)(3); and (4) has passed each examination required under Section 521.161 other than the driving test. (b) Repealed by Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1059 (H.B. 3050), Sec. 16, eff. September 1, 2017. (c) Repealed by Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1059 (H.B. 3050), Sec. 16, eff. September 1, 2017. (d) A learner license entitles the holder to operate a type of motor vehicle on a highway while: (1) the license is in the holder's possession; and (2) the holder is accompanied by a person occupying the seat by the operator who: (A) holds a license that qualifies the operator to operate that type of vehicle; (B) is 21 years of age or older; and (C) has at least one year of driving experience. (e) Repealed by Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1059 (H.B. 3050), Sec. 16, eff. September 1, 2017. (f) The department may issue a learner license under this section to a person who is subject to the registration requirements under Chapter 62, Code of Criminal Procedure, and is otherwise eligible for the license. A learner license issued under this subsection must include a photograph of the person. (g) A person who occupies the seat in a vehicle by a holder of a learner license commits an offense if, while the holder is operating the vehicle, the person: (1) sleeps; (2) is intoxicated, as defined by Section 49.01, Penal Code; or (3) is engaged in an activity that prevents the person from observing and responding to the actions of the operator. (h) It is a defense to prosecution of a violation under Subsection (g) that at the time of the violation another person in addition to the defendant: (1) occupied the seat by the operator; (2) complied with the requirements of Subsections (d)(2)(A)-(C); and (3) was not in violation of Subsection (g).

IRG 22.7: Hardship License - TC 521.223

(a) The department may issue a license to a person who complies with the requirements of Subsection (b) if the department finds that: (1) the failure to issue the license will result in an unusual economic hardship for the family of the applicant; (2) the license is necessary because of the illness of a member of the applicant's family; or (3) the license is necessary because the applicant is enrolled in a vocational education program and requires a driver's license to participate in the program. (b) An applicant for a license under Subsection (a) must be 15 years of age or older and must: (1) have passed a driver education course approved by the department, which may be a course approved under Chapter 1001, Education Code; and (2) pass the examination required by Section 521.161. (c) To be eligible to take the driver training course, the person must be at least 14 years of age. (d) Repealed by Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1121, Sec. 3, eff. September 1, 2011. (e) A person who is refused a driver's license under this section may appeal to the county court of the county in which the person resides. The court may try the matter on the request of the petitioner or respondent. (f) In the manner provided by Subchapter N, the department shall suspend a license issued under this section if the holder of the license is convicted of two or more moving violations committed within a 12-month period. (g) The department may issue a hardship license to a person who is subject to the registration requirements under Chapter 62, Code of Criminal Procedure, and is otherwise eligible for the license. A hardship license issued under this section must include a photograph of the person.

IRG 22.7: Emergency Contact and Medical Information Databases -TC 521.060

(a) The department shall maintain in its files a record of the name, address, and telephone number of each individual identified by the holder of a driver's license or personal identification certificate as an individual the holder authorizes to be contacted in the event that the holder is injured or dies in or as a result of a vehicular accident or another emergency situation. In addition, the department shall maintain in its files a record of any medical information described by Section 521.125(a) that is provided to the department under Subsection (c) or any health condition information that is voluntarily provided to the department under Section 521.142(h). (b) A record maintained by the department under Subsection (a) is confidential and, on request, may be disclosed: (1) only to a peace officer in this or another state; (2) only if the peace officer is otherwise authorized to obtain information in the driver's license or personal identification certificate files of the department; and (3) only for the purpose, as applicable, of making contact with a named individual to report the injury to or death of the holder of the driver's license or personal identification certificate, learning the nature of any medical information reported by the person who holds the driver's license or identification certificate, or learning whether the person who holds the driver's license or identification certificate has a health condition that may impede communications with the peace officer. (c) An application for an original, renewal, or duplicate driver's license or personal identification certificate must: (1) be designed to allow, but not require, the applicant to provide: (A) the name, address, and telephone number of not more than two individuals to be contacted if the applicant is injured or dies in a circumstance described by Subsection (a); and (B) in addition to health condition information voluntarily provided under Section 521.142(h), medical information described by Section 521.125(a); and (2) include a statement that: (A) describes the confidential nature of the information; and (B) states that by providing the department with the information, the applicant consents to the limited disclosure and use of the information. (d) The department shall establish and maintain on the department's Internet website forms and procedures by which the holder of a driver's license or personal identification certificate may request that the department: (1) add specific emergency contact or medical information described by Subsection (a) to the appropriate file maintained by the department; or (2) amend or delete emergency contact or medical information the holder previously provided to the department. (e) The forms and procedures established and maintained under Subsection (d) must: (1) comply with Subsection (c); and (2) allow the holder of a driver's license or personal identification certificate or an authorized agent of the holder to add, amend, or delete information described by Subsection (d) by submitting an electronic form on the department's Internet website. (f) Subsection (b) does not prohibit the department from disclosing information to the holder of a driver's license or personal identification certificate who provided the information or to an authorized agent of the holder.

IRG 22.7: Department's Determination for License Suspension - TC 521.292

(a) The department shall suspend the person's license if the department determines that the person: (1) has operated a motor vehicle on a highway while the person's license was suspended, canceled, disqualified, or revoked, or without a license after an application for a license was denied; (2) is a habitually reckless or negligent operator of a motor vehicle; (3) is a habitual violator of the traffic laws; (4) has permitted the unlawful or fraudulent use of the person's license; (5) has committed an offense in another state or Canadian province that, if committed in this state, would be grounds for suspension; (6) has been convicted of two or more separate offenses of a violation of a restriction imposed on the use of the license; (7) has been responsible as a driver for any accident resulting in serious personal injury or serious property damage; (8) is under 18 years of age and has been convicted of two or more moving violations committed within a 12-month period; or (9) has committed an offense under Section 545.421. (b) For purposes of Subsection (a)(3), a person is a "habitual violator" if the person has four or more convictions that arise out of different transactions in 12 consecutive months, or seven or more convictions that arise out of different transactions in 24 months, if the convictions are for moving violations of the traffic laws of any state, Canadian province, or political subdivision, other than a violation under:

IRG 22.15: Draw bars, trailer hitches, saddle-mount towing - TC 545.409

(a) The drawbar or other connection between a vehicle drawing another vehicle and the drawn vehicle: (1) must be strong enough to pull all weight drawn; and (2) may not exceed 15 feet between the vehicles except for a connection between two vehicles transporting poles, pipe, machinery, or other objects of structural nature that cannot readily be dismembered. (b) An operator drawing another vehicle and using a chain, rope, or cable to connect the vehicles shall display on the connection a white flag or cloth not less than 12 inches square. (c) A motor vehicle may not draw more than three motor vehicles attached to it by the triple saddle-mount method. In this subsection, "triple saddle-mount method" means the mounting of the front wheels of trailing vehicles on the bed of another vehicle while leaving the rear wheels only of the trailing vehicles in contact with the roadway.

IRG 22.7: General Information on Driver's License - TC 521.121

(a) The driver's license must include: (1) a distinguishing number assigned by the department to the license holder; (2) a photograph of the entire face of the holder; (3) the full name and date of birth of the holder; (4) a brief description of the holder; and (5) the license holder's residence address or, for a license holder using the procedure under Subsection (c), the street address of the courthouse in which the license holder or license holder's spouse or parent serves as a federal judge, including a federal bankruptcy judge, a marshal of the United States Marshals Service, a United States attorney, or a state judge. (b) The driver's license must include a facsimile of the license holder's signature or a space on which the holder shall write the holder's usual signature in ink immediately on receipt of the license. A license is not valid until it complies with this subsection. (c) The department shall establish a procedure, on a license holder's qualification for or appointment to office as a federal or state judge as defined by Section 1.005, Election Code, or as a federal bankruptcy judge, a marshal of the United States Marshals Service, or a United States attorney, to omit the residence address of the judge or official and any family member of the judge or official on the license holder's license and to include, in lieu of that address, the street address of the courthouse or office building in which the license holder or license holder's spouse or parent serves as a federal or state judge or official. (d) Repealed by Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 91, Sec. 24.010, eff. September 1, 2011. (e) Except as provided by this section, a driver's license issued under this chapter: (1) must: (A) be in the same format; (B) have the same appearance and orientation; and (C) contain the same type of information; and (2) may not include any information that this chapter does not reference or require.

IRG 22.8: Flashing signals- TC 544.008

(a) The operator of a vehicle facing a flashing red signal shall stop at a clearly marked stop line. In the absence of a stop line, the operator shall stop before entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection. In the absence of a crosswalk, the operator shall stop at the place nearest the intersecting roadway where the operator has a view of approaching traffic on the intersecting roadway. The right to proceed is subject to the rules applicable after stopping at a stop sign. (b) The operator of a vehicle facing a flashing yellow signal may proceed through an intersection or past the signal only with caution. (c) This section does not apply at a railroad crossing.

IRG 22.8: Compliance with traffic control device - TC 544.004

(a) The operator of a vehicle or streetcar shall comply with an applicable official traffic-control device placed as provided by this subtitle unless the person is: (1) otherwise directed by a traffic officer, police officer, or escort flagger; or (2) operating an authorized emergency vehicle and is subject to exceptions under this subtitle. (b) A provision of this subtitle requiring an official traffic-control device may not be enforced against an alleged violator if at the time and place of the alleged violation the device is not in proper position and sufficiently legible to an ordinarily observant person. A provision of this subtitle that does not require an official traffic-control device is effective regardless of whether a device is in place.

IRG 22.6: Speed restrictions on private roads - TC 542.006

(a) The owners of a majority of the parcels of real property abutting a private road may petition the Texas Transportation Commission to extend the speed restrictions of this subtitle to the portion of the road in a subdivision or across adjacent subdivisions if: (1) the road is not in a municipality; (2) the total number of residents in the subdivision and subdivisions adjacent to the subdivision is at least 400; and (3) a plat for the subdivision and each adjacent subdivision included to determine the number of residents under Subdivision (2) has been filed in the deed records of the county. (b) After the commission receives a petition and verifies the property ownership of its signers, the commission may issue an order extending the speed restrictions to the private road if the commission finds the order is in the interests of the area residents and the public generally. (c) If the commission rejects the petition, the commission shall hold a public hearing on the advisability of making the speed restrictions applicable. The hearing must be held in the county in which the portion of the road that is the subject of the petition is located. The commission shall publish notice of the hearing in a newspaper of general circulation in that county at least 10 days before the date of the hearing. (d) At the hearing, if the commission finds that it would be in the interests of the area residents and the public generally, the commission shall issue an order extending the speed restrictions to the private road. (e) After the commission issues an order under this section, the private road is a public highway for purposes of setting and enforcing speed restrictions under this subtitle, and the commission shall post speed limit signs on property abutting the private road with the consent of the owner of the property on which a sign is placed.

IRG 22.14: Speed limit exception for emergencies; municipal regulation - TC 545.365

(a) The regulation of the speed of a vehicle under this subchapter does not apply to: (1) an authorized emergency vehicle responding to a call; (2) a police patrol; or (3) a physician or ambulance responding to an emergency call. (b) A municipality by ordinance may regulate the speed of: (1) an ambulance; (2) an emergency medical services vehicle; or (3) an authorized vehicle operated by a blood or tissue bank.

IRG 22.7: Applicability - TC 522.004

(a) This chapter does not apply to: (1) a vehicle that is controlled and operated by a farmer and: (A) used to transport agricultural products, farm machinery, or farm supplies to or from a farm; (B) used within 150 miles of the person's farm; and (C) not used in the operations of a common or contract motor carrier; (2) a fire-fighting or emergency vehicle necessary to the preservation of life or property or the execution of emergency governmental functions, whether operated by an employee of a political subdivision or by a volunteer fire fighter; (3) a military vehicle or a commercial motor vehicle, when operated for military purposes by military personnel, including: (A) active duty military personnel, including personnel serving in the United States Coast Guard; and (B) members of the reserves and national guard on active duty, including personnel on full-time national guard duty, personnel engaged in part-time training, and national guard military technicians; (4) a recreational vehicle that is driven for personal use; (5) a vehicle that is owned, leased, or controlled by an air carrier, as defined by Section 21.155, and that is driven or operated exclusively by an employee of the air carrier only on the premises of an airport, as defined by Section 22.001, on service roads to which the public does not have access; (6) a vehicle used exclusively to transport seed cotton modules or cotton burrs; (7) a vehicle, including a vehicle described by Section 504.502(i), that is: (A) operated intrastate; and (B) driven by an individual not for compensation and not in the furtherance of a commercial enterprise; or (8) a covered farm vehicle as defined by 49 C.F.R. Section 390.5. (b) In this section, "recreational vehicle" means a motor vehicle primarily designed as temporary living quarters for recreational camping or travel use. The term includes a travel trailer, camping trailer, truck camper, and motor home.

IRG 22.16: Closure of road or highway by firefighter. - TC 546.007

(a) This section applies only to a firefighter who is employed by or a member of: (1) a fire department operated by an emergency services district; (2) a volunteer fire department; or (3) a fire department of a general-law municipality. (b) A firefighter, when performing the firefighter's official duties, may close one or more lanes of a road or highway to protect the safety of persons or property. (c) The closure shall be limited to the affected lane or lanes and one additional lane unless the safety of emergency personnel operating on the road or highway requires more lanes to be closed. (d) In making a closure under this section, the firefighter shall deploy one or more authorized emergency vehicles with audible and visual signals that meet the requirements of Sections 547.305 and 547.702.

IRG 22.11: Passing authorized emergency vehicle - TC 545.157

(a) This section applies only to the following vehicles: (1) a stationary authorized emergency vehicle using visual signals that meet the requirements of Sections 547.305 and 547.702; (2) a stationary tow truck using equipment authorized by Section 547.305(d); (3) a Texas Department of Transportation vehicle or a highway maintenance or construction vehicle operated pursuant to a contract awarded under Subchapter A, Chapter 223, not separated from the roadway by a traffic control channelizing device and using visual signals that comply with the standards and specifications adopted under Section 547.105; (4) a service vehicle used by or for a utility, as defined by Section 203.091, and using visual signals that comply with the standards and specifications adopted under Section 547.105; (5) a stationary vehicle used exclusively to transport municipal solid waste, as defined by Section 361.003, Health and Safety Code, or recyclable material, as defined by Section 361.421, Health and Safety Code, while being operated in connection with the removal or transportation of municipal solid waste or recyclable material from a location adjacent to the highway; and (6) a vehicle operated by or pursuant to a contract with a toll project entity, as defined by Section 372.001, using visual signals that comply with the standards and specifications adopted under Section 547.105. (b) On approaching a vehicle described by Subsection (a), an operator, unless otherwise directed by a police officer, shall: (1) vacate the lane closest to the vehicle when driving on a highway with two or more lanes traveling in the direction of the vehicle; or (2) slow to a speed not to exceed: (A) 20 miles per hour less than the posted speed limit when the posted speed limit is 25 miles per hour or more; or (B) five miles per hour when the posted speed limit is less than 25 miles per hour. (c) A violation of this section is: (1) a misdemeanor punishable under Section 542.401; (2) a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of $500 if the violation results in property damage; or (3) a Class B misdemeanor if the violation results in bodily injury. (d) If conduct constituting an offense under this section also constitutes an offense under another section of this code or the Penal Code, the actor may be prosecuted under either section or under both sections.

IRG 22.7: Notice of Change of Address or Name - TC 521.054

(a) This section applies to a person who: (1) after applying for or being issued a license or certificate moves to a new residence address; (2) has used the procedure under Section 521.121(c) and whose status as a federal judge, including a federal bankruptcy judge, a marshal of the United States Marshals Service, a United States attorney, a state judge, or a family member of a federal judge, including a federal bankruptcy judge, a marshal of the United States Marshals Service, a United States attorney, or a state judge becomes inapplicable; or (3) changes the person's name by marriage or otherwise. (b) A person subject to this section shall notify the department of the change not later than the 30th day after the date on which the change takes effect and apply for a duplicate license or certificate as provided by Section 521.146. The duplicate license must include the person's current residence address. (c) A person changing the person's address shall notify the department of the old and new addresses and the number of the license or certificate held by the person. A person changing the person's name shall notify the department of the former and new names and the number of the license or certificate held by the person. (d) A court may dismiss a charge for a violation of this section if the defendant remedies the defect not later than the 20th working day after the date of the offense and pays a reimbursement fee not to exceed $20. The court may waive the reimbursement fee if the waiver is in the interest of justice. (e) In this section, "family member" has the meaning assigned by Section 31.006, Finance Code.

IRG 22.6: Powers of local authorities - TC 542.202

(a) This subtitle does not prevent a local authority, with respect to a highway under its jurisdiction and in the reasonable exercise of the police power, from: (1) regulating traffic by police officers or traffic-control devices; (2) regulating the stopping, standing, or parking of a vehicle; (3) regulating or prohibiting a procession or assemblage on a highway; (4) regulating the operation and requiring registration and licensing of a bicycle or electric bicycle, including payment of a registration fee, except as provided by Section 551.106; (5) regulating the time, place, and manner in which a roller skater may use a highway; (6) regulating the speed of a vehicle in a public park; (7) regulating or prohibiting the turning of a vehicle or specified type of vehicle at an intersection; (8) designating an intersection as a stop intersection or a yield intersection and requiring each vehicle to stop or yield at one or more entrances to the intersection; (9) designating a highway as a through highway; (10) designating a highway as a one-way highway and requiring each vehicle on the highway to move in one specific direction; (11) designating school crossing guards and school crossing zones; (12) altering a speed limit as authorized by this subtitle; or (13) adopting other traffic rules specifically authorized by this subtitle.

IRG 22.10: Turning at intersection - TC 545.101

(a) To make a right turn at an intersection, an operator shall make both the approach and the turn as closely as practicable to the right-hand curb or edge of the roadway. (b) To make a left turn at an intersection, an operator shall: (1) approach the intersection in the extreme left-hand lane lawfully available to a vehicle moving in the direction of the vehicle; and (2) after entering the intersection, turn left, leaving the intersection so as to arrive in a lane lawfully available to traffic moving in the direction of the vehicle on the roadway being entered. (c) On a street or roadway designated for two-way traffic, the operator turning left shall, to the extent practicable, turn in the portion of the intersection to the left of the center of the intersection. (d) To turn left, an operator who is approaching an intersection having a roadway designated for one-way traffic and for which signs are posted from a roadway designated for one-way traffic and for which signs are posted shall make the turn as closely as practicable to the left-hand curb or edge of the roadway. (e) The Texas Transportation Commission or a local authority, with respect to a highway in its jurisdiction, may: (1) authorize the placement of an official traffic-control device in or adjacent to an intersection; and (2) require a course different from that specified in this section for movement by vehicles turning at an intersection.

IRG 22.8: Stop signs and yield signs - TC 544.010

(a) Unless directed to proceed by a police officer or traffic-control signal, the operator of a vehicle or streetcar approaching an intersection with a stop sign shall stop as provided by Subsection (c). (b) If safety requires, the operator of a vehicle approaching a yield sign shall stop as provided by Subsection (c). (c) An operator required to stop by this section shall stop before entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection. In the absence of a crosswalk, the operator shall stop at a clearly marked stop line. In the absence of a stop line, the operator shall stop at the place nearest the intersecting roadway where the operator has a view of approaching traffic on the intersecting roadway.

IRG 22.7: Type of vehicle authorized - TC 521.085

(a) Unless prohibited by Chapter 522, and except as provided by Subsection (b), the license holder may operate any vehicle of the type for which that class of license is issued and any lesser type of vehicle other than a motorcycle. (b) Subsection (a) does not prohibit a license holder from operating a lesser type of vehicle that is: (1) a motorcycle described by Section 521.001(a)(6-a) or an autocycle as defined by Section 501.008; or (2) a type of motorcycle defined by the department under Section 521.001(c) and designated by the department as qualifying for operation under this section.

IRG 22.7: Effect of Military Service on License Requirement - TC 521.028

(a) Unless the license is suspended, canceled, or revoked as provided by law, a driver's license issued by this state that is held by a person who is on active duty in the armed forces of the United States and is absent from this state, notwithstanding the expiration date of the license, remains valid while the person is absent from this state. If the person is honorably discharged from active duty, the license remains valid until the earlier of: (1) the 91st day after the date of the discharge; or (2) the date on which the person returns to this state. (b) A person on active duty in the armed forces of the United States who has in the person's possession a license issued in a foreign country by the armed forces of the United States may operate a motor vehicle in this state for a period of not more than 90 days after the date on which the person returns to the United States.

IRG 22.15: Use of Portable Wireless Communication Device for Electronic Messaging; Offense - TC 545.4251

(b) An operator commits an offense if the operator uses a portable wireless communication device to read, write, or send an electronic message while operating a motor vehicle unless the vehicle is stopped. To be prosecuted, the behavior must be committed in the presence of or within the view of a peace officer or established by other evidence. (c) It is an affirmative defense to prosecution of an offense under this section that the operator used a portable wireless communication device: (1) in conjunction with a hands-free device, as defined by Section 545.425; (2) to navigate using a global positioning system or navigation system; (3) to report illegal activity, summon emergency help, or enter information into a software application that provides information relating to traffic and road conditions to users of the application; (4) to read an electronic message that the person reasonably believed concerned an emergency; (5) that was permanently or temporarily affixed to the vehicle to relay information in the course of the operator's occupational duties between the operator and: (A) a dispatcher; or (B) a digital network or software application service; or (6) to activate a function that plays music. (d) Subsection (b) does not apply to: (1) an operator of an authorized emergency or law enforcement vehicle using a portable wireless communication device while acting in an official capacity; or (2) an operator who is licensed by the Federal Communications Commission while operating a radio frequency device other than a portable wireless communication device. (e) An offense under this section is a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of at least $25 and not more than $99 unless it is shown on the trial of the offense that the defendant has been previously convicted at least one time of an offense under this section, in which event the offense is punishable by a fine of at least $100 and not more than $200. (f) Notwithstanding Subsection (e), an offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor punishable by a fine not to exceed $4,000 and confinement in jail for a term not to exceed one year if it is shown on the trial of the offense that the defendant caused the death or serious bodily injury of another person. (g) If conduct constituting an offense under this section also constitutes an offense under any other law, the person may be prosecuted under this section, the other law, or both. (h) The Texas Department of Transportation shall post a sign at each point at which an interstate highway or United States highway enters this state that informs an operator that: (1) the use of a portable wireless communication device for electronic messaging while operating a motor vehicle is prohibited in this state; and (2) the operator is subject to a fine if the operator uses a portable wireless communication device for electronic messaging while operating a motor vehicle in this state. (i) A peace officer who stops a motor vehicle for an alleged violation of this section may not take possession of or otherwise inspect a portable wireless communication device in the possession of the operator unless authorized by the Code of Criminal Procedure, the Penal Code, or other law. (j) This section preempts all local ordinances, rules, or other regulations adopted by a political subdivision relating to the use of a portable wireless communication device by the operator of a motor vehicle to read, write, or send an electronic message.

RG 22.15: Use of Wireless Communication Device on School Property; Offense - TC 545.4252

(b) Except as provided by Section 545.425(c), an operator may not use a wireless communication device while operating a motor vehicle on the property of a public elementary, middle, junior high, or high school for which a local authority has designated a school crossing zone, during the time a reduced speed limit is in effect for the school crossing zone, unless: (1) the vehicle is stopped; or (2) the wireless communication device is used with a hands-free device. (c) It is an affirmative defense to prosecution of an offense under this section that the wireless communication device was used to make an emergency call to: (1) an emergency response service, including a rescue, emergency medical, or hazardous material response service; (2) a hospital; (3) a fire department; (4) a health clinic; (5) a medical doctor's office; (6) an individual to administer first aid treatment; or (7) a police department. (d) This section does not apply to: (1) an operator of an authorized emergency vehicle using a wireless communication device while acting in an official capacity; or (2) an operator who is licensed by the Federal Communications Commission while operating a radio frequency device other than a wireless communication device. (e) This section preempts all local ordinances, rules, or regulations that are inconsistent with specific provisions of this section adopted by a political subdivision of this state relating to the use of a wireless communication device by the operator of a motor vehicle, except that a political subdivision may by ordinance or rule prohibit the use of a wireless communication device while operating a motor vehicle throughout the jurisdiction of the political subdivision.

IRG 22.15: Use of wireless communication device - TC 545.425

(b) Except as provided by Subsection (c), an operator may not use a wireless communication device while operating a motor vehicle within a school crossing zone, as defined by Section 541.302, Transportation Code, unless: (1) the vehicle is stopped; or (2) the wireless communication device is used with a hands-free device. (b-1) Except as provided by Subsection (b-2), a local authority that enforces this section in a school crossing zone in the local authority's jurisdiction shall post a sign, or approve the posting of a sign by a school or school district, that complies with the standards described by this subsection at each entrance to the school crossing zone. The Texas Department of Transportation shall adopt standards that: (1) allow for a sign required to be posted under this subsection to be attached to an existing sign at a minimal cost; and (2) require that a sign required to be posted under this subsection inform an operator that: (A) the use of a wireless communication device is prohibited in the school crossing zone; and (B) the operator is subject to a fine if the operator uses a wireless communication device in the school crossing zone. (b-2) A local authority that by ordinance or rule prohibits the use of a wireless communication device while operating a motor vehicle, including a prohibition that contains an exception for the use of a wireless communication device with a hands-free device, throughout the jurisdiction of the local authority is not required to post a sign as required by Subsection (b-1) and shall: (1) post signs that are located at each point at which a state highway, U.S. highway, or interstate highway enters the jurisdiction of the local authority and that state: (A) that an operator is prohibited from using a wireless communication device while operating a motor vehicle in the jurisdiction of the local authority, and whether use of a wireless communication device with a hands-free device is allowed in the jurisdiction of the local authority; and (B) that the operator is subject to a fine if the operator uses a wireless communication device while operating a motor vehicle in the jurisdiction of the local authority; and (2) subject to all applicable United States Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration rules, post a message that complies with Subdivision (1) on any dynamic message sign operated by the local authority located on a state highway, U.S. highway, or interstate highway in the jurisdiction of the local authority. (b-3) A sign posted under Subsection (b-2)(1) must be readable to an operator traveling at the applicable speed limit. (b-4) The local authority shall pay the costs associated with the posting of signs under Subsections (b-1) and (b-2), unless the authority enters an agreement providing otherwise. (c) An operator may not use a wireless communication device while operating a school bus or passenger bus with a minor passenger on the bus unless the bus is stopped. (d) It is an affirmative defense to prosecution of an offense under this section that: (1) the wireless communication device was used to make an emergency call to: (A) an emergency response service, including a rescue, emergency medical, or hazardous material response service; (B) a hospital; (C) a fire department; (D) a health clinic; (E) a medical doctor's office; (F) an individual to administer first aid treatment; or (G) a police department; or (2) a sign required by Subsection (b-1) was not posted at the entrance to the school crossing zone at the time of an offense committed in the school crossing zone. (d-1) The affirmative defense available in Subsection (d)(2) is not available for an offense under Subsection (b) committed in a school crossing zone located in the jurisdiction of a local authority that is in compliance with Subsection (b-2). (e) This section does not apply to: (1) an operator of an authorized emergency vehicle using a wireless communication device while acting in an official capacity; or (2) an operator who is licensed by the Federal Communications Commission while operating a radio frequency device other than a wireless communication device. (e-1) Subsection (c) does not apply to an operator of a school bus or passenger bus using a wireless communication device: (1) in the performance of the operator's duties as a bus driver; and (2) in a manner similar to using a two-way radio. (f) Except as provided by Subsection (b-2), this section preempts all local ordinances, rules, or regulations that are inconsistent with specific provisions of this section adopted by a political subdivision of this state relating to the use of a wireless communication device by the operator of a motor vehicle.

IRG 22.6: Offense by person owning or controlling vehicle - TC 542.302

A person who owns a vehicle or employs or otherwise directs the operator of a vehicle commits an offense if the person requires or knowingly permits the operator of the vehicle to operate the vehicle in a manner that violates law.

IRG 22.6: General penalty - TC 542.401

A person convicted of an offense that is a misdemeanor under this subtitle for which another penalty is not provided shall be punished by a fine of not less than $1 or more than $200.

IRG 22.13: Moving the vehicle of another; unlawful parking - TC 545.304

A person may not move a vehicle that is not lawfully under the person's control: (1) into an area where a vehicle is prohibited under Section 545.302; or (2) away from a curb a distance that is unlawful under Section 545.303.

IRG 22.15: Riding in house trailer - TC 545.419

A person may not occupy a house trailer while it is being moved.

IRG 22.6: Obedience required to police officers and to school crossing guards - TC 542.501

A person may not wilfully fail or refuse to comply with a lawful order or direction of: (1) a police officer; (2) a school crossing guard who: (A) is performing crossing guard duties in a school crosswalk to stop and yield to a pedestrian; or (B) has been trained under Section 600.004 and is directing traffic in a school crossing zone; or (3) an escort flagger who is directing or controlling the flow of traffic in accordance with a permit issued by the Texas Department of Motor Vehicles under Subtitle E for the movement of an oversize or overweight vehicle.

IRG 22.8: Interference with traffic-control device or railroad sign or signal - TC 544.005

A person may not, without lawful authority, alter, injure, knock down, or remove or attempt to alter, injure, knock down, or remove: (1) an official traffic-control device or railroad sign or signal; (2) an inscription, shield, or insignia on an official traffic-control device or railroad sign or signal; or (3) another part of an official traffic-control device or railroad sign or signal.

IRG 22.15: Opening vehicle doors - TC 545.418

A person may not: (1) open the door of a motor vehicle on the side available to moving traffic, unless the door may be opened in reasonable safety without interfering with the movement of other traffic; or (2) leave a door on the side of a vehicle next to moving traffic open for longer than is necessary to load or unload a passenger.

IRG 22.6: Animals and animal-drawn vehicles - TC 542.003

A person riding an animal on a roadway or operating a vehicle drawn by an animal on a roadway has the rights and duties applicable to the operator of a vehicle under this subtitle, except a right or duty that by its nature cannot apply to a person riding an animal or operating a vehicle drawn by an animal.

IRG 22.7: Court Order in Operator's Possession - TC 521.250

A person who is issued an occupational license shall have in the person's possession a certified copy of the court order granting the license while operating a motor vehicle. The person shall allow a peace officer to examine the order on request.

IRG 22.7: License required - TC 521.021

A person, other than a person expressly exempted under this chapter, may not operate a motor vehicle on a highway in this state unless the person holds a driver's license issued under this chapter.

IRG 22.6: Government vehicles - TC 542.002

A provision of this subtitle applicable to an operator of a vehicle applies to the operator of a vehicle owned or operated by the United States, this state, or a political subdivision of this state, except as specifically provided otherwise by this subtitle for an authorized emergency vehicle.

IRG 22.6: Vehicles on highways - TC 542.001

A provision of this subtitle relating to the operation of a vehicle applies only to the operation of a vehicle on a highway unless the provision specifically applies to a different place.

IRG 22.5: Litter - HSC 365.011(6)

A) decayable waste from a public or private establishment, residence, or restaurant, including animal and vegetable waste material from a market or storage facility handling or storing produce or other food products, or the handling, preparation, cooking, or consumption of food, but not including sewage, body wastes, or industrial by-products; or (B) nondecayable solid waste, except ashes, that consists of: (i) combustible waste material, including paper, rags, cartons, wood, excelsior, furniture, rubber, plastics, yard trimmings, leaves, or similar materials; (ii) noncombustible waste material, including glass, crockery, tin or aluminum cans, metal furniture, and similar materials that do not burn at ordinary incinerator temperatures of 1800 degrees Fahrenheit or less; and (iii) discarded or worn-out manufactured materials and machinery, including motor vehicles and parts of motor vehicles, tires, aircraft, farm implements, building or construction materials, appliances, and scrap metal.

IRG 22.13: Removal of personal property from roadway or right-of-way - TC 545.3051

An authority or a law enforcement agency may remove personal property from a roadway or right-of-way if the authority or law enforcement agency determines that the property blocks the roadway or endangers public safety. (c) Personal property may be removed under this section without the consent of the owner or carrier of the property. (d) The owner and any carrier of personal property removed under this section shall reimburse the authority or law enforcement agency for any reasonable cost of removal and disposition of the property. (e) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an authority or a law enforcement agency is not liable for: (1) any damage to personal property removed from a roadway or right-of-way under this section, unless the removal is carried out recklessly or in a grossly negligent manner; or (2) any damage resulting from the failure to exercise the authority granted by this section.

IRG 22.11: Vehicle entering highway from private road or driveway - TC 545.155

An operator about to enter or cross a highway from an alley, building, or private road or driveway shall yield the right-of-way to a vehicle approaching on the highway to be entered.

IRG 22.12: Emerging from an alley, driveway, or building - TC 545.256

An operator emerging from an alley, driveway, or building in a business or residence district shall: (1) stop the vehicle before moving on a sidewalk or the sidewalk area extending across an alley or driveway; (2) yield the right-of-way to a pedestrian to avoid collision; and (3) on entering the roadway, yield the right-of-way to an approaching vehicle.

IRG 22.10: Signaling stops - TC 545.105

An operator may not stop or suddenly decrease the speed of the vehicle without first giving a stop signal as provided by this subchapter to the operator of a vehicle immediately to the rear when there is an opportunity to give the signal.

IRG 22.13: Stopping, standing, or parking prohibited in certain places - TC 545.302

An operator may not stop, stand, or park a vehicle: (1) on the roadway side of a vehicle stopped or parked at the edge or curb of a street; (2) on a sidewalk; (3) in an intersection; (4) on a crosswalk; (5) between a safety zone and the adjacent curb or within 30 feet of a place on the curb immediately opposite the ends of a safety zone, unless the governing body of a municipality designates a different length by signs or markings; (6) alongside or opposite a street excavation or obstruction if stopping, standing, or parking the vehicle would obstruct traffic; (7) on a bridge or other elevated structure on a highway or in a highway tunnel; (8) on a railroad track; or (9) where an official sign prohibits stopping. (b) An operator may not, except momentarily to pick up or discharge a passenger, stand or park an occupied or unoccupied vehicle: (1) in front of a public or private driveway; (2) within 15 feet of a fire hydrant; (3) within 20 feet of a crosswalk at an intersection; (4) within 30 feet on the approach to a flashing signal, stop sign, yield sign, or traffic-control signal located at the side of a roadway; (5) within 20 feet of the driveway entrance to a fire station and on the side of a street opposite the entrance to a fire station within 75 feet of the entrance, if the entrance is properly marked with a sign; or (6) where an official sign prohibits standing. (c) An operator may not, except temporarily to load or unload merchandise or passengers, park an occupied or unoccupied vehicle: (1) within 50 feet of the nearest rail of a railroad crossing; or (2) where an official sign prohibits parking. (d) A person may stop, stand, or park a bicycle on a sidewalk if the bicycle does not impede the normal and reasonable movement of pedestrian or other traffic on the sidewalk. (e) A municipality may adopt an ordinance exempting a private vehicle operated by an elevator constructor responding to an elevator emergency from Subsections (a)(1), (a)(5), (a)(6), (a)(9), (b), and (c). (f) Subsections (a), (b), and (c) do not apply if the avoidance of conflict with other traffic is necessary or if the operator is complying with the law or the directions of a police officer or official traffic-control device. (g) If the governing body of a municipality determines that it is necessary to improve the economic development of the municipality's central business district and that it will not adversely affect public safety, the governing body may adopt an ordinance regulating the standing, stopping, or parking of a vehicle at a place described by Subsection (a)(1), other than a road or highway in the state highway system, in the central business district of the municipality as defined in the ordinance. To the extent of any conflict between the ordinance and Subsection (a)(1), the ordinance controls.

IRG 22.10: Safely turning - TC 545.103

An operator may not turn the vehicle to enter a private road or driveway, otherwise turn the vehicle from a direct course, or move right or left on a roadway unless movement can be made safely.

IRG 22.10: Turning on curve or crest of grade - TC 545.102

An operator may not turn the vehicle to move in the opposite direction when approaching a curve or the crest of a grade if the vehicle is not visible to the operator of another vehicle approaching from either direction within 500 feet.

IRG 22.15: Crossing fire hose - TC 545.408

An operator may not, without the consent of the fire department official in command, drive over an unprotected hose of a fire department if the hose is on a street or private driveway and is intended for use at a fire or alarm of fire.

IRG 22.9: Driving past vehicle moving in opposite direction - TC 545.052

An operator moving in the opposite direction of the movement of another operator shall: (1) move to or remain to the right; and (2) on a roadway wide enough for not more than one line of vehicle movement in each direction, give the other operator: (A) at least one-half of the main traveled portion of the roadway; or (B) if complying with Paragraph (A) is not possible, as much of the roadway as possible.

IRG 22.11: Vehicle entering or leaving limited-access or controlled access highway - TC 545.154

An operator on an access or feeder road of a limited-access or controlled-access highway shall yield the right-of-way to a vehicle entering or about to enter the access or feeder road from the highway or leaving or about to leave the access or feeder road to enter the highway.

IRG 22.10: Method of giving hand and arm signals - TC 545.107

An operator who is permitted to give a hand and arm signal shall give the signal from the left side of the vehicle as follows: (1) to make a left turn signal, extend hand and arm horizontally; (2) to make a right turn signal, extend hand and arm upward, except that a bicycle operator may signal from the right side of the vehicle with the hand and arm extended horizontally; and (3) to stop or decrease speed, extend hand and arm downward.

IRG 22.16: Audible or visual signals required - TC 546.003

Except as provided by Section 546.004, the operator of an authorized emergency vehicle engaging in conduct permitted by Section 546.001 shall use, at the discretion of the operator in accordance with policies of the department or the local government that employs the operator, audible or visual signals that meet the pertinent requirements of Sections 547.305 and 547.702.

IRG 22.13: Overnight parking of commercial motor vehicle in residential subdivision - TC 545.307

Except as provided by Subsection (b-1), after 10 p.m. and before 6 a.m., a person may not park a commercial motor vehicle or leave the vehicle parked on a street that is maintained by a county or municipality and for which signs are posted as provided by Subsection (c) if the street: (1) is located within a residential subdivision; or (2) is adjacent to a residential subdivision and within 1,000 feet of the property line of a residence, school, place of worship, or park. (b-1) A person may park a commercial motor vehicle or leave the vehicle parked on a street for which signs are posted as provided by Subsection (c) if the commercial motor vehicle: (1) is transporting persons or property to or from the residential subdivision or performing work in the subdivision; and (2) remains parked in or adjacent to the subdivision only for the period necessary to complete the transportation or work. (c) The residents of a residential subdivision may petition a county or municipality in which the subdivision is located for the posting of signs prohibiting the overnight parking of a commercial motor vehicle in the subdivision or on a street adjacent to the subdivision and within 1,000 feet of the property line of a residence, school, place of worship, or park. The petition must be signed by at least 25 percent of the owners or tenants of residences in the subdivision. Not more than one person for each residence may sign the petition, and each person signing must be at least 18 years of age. Promptly after the filing of a petition meeting the requirements of this subsection and subject to Subsection (d), the county or municipality receiving the petition shall post the signs. The signs must: (1) be posted: (A) at each entrance of the subdivision through which a commercial motor vehicle may enter the subdivision or within the subdivision if there is not defined entrance to the subdivision; or (B) on a street adjacent to the subdivision; and (2) state, in letters at least two inches in height, that overnight parking of a commercial motor vehicle is prohibited in the subdivision or on a street adjacent to the subdivision. (d) A county or municipality receiving a petition under Subsection (c) may condition the posting of the signs on payment by the residents of the residential subdivision of the cost of providing the signs. (e) A person commits an offense if the person parks a commercial motor vehicle in violation of Subsection (b). (f) This section does not limit the power of a municipality to regulate the parking of commercial motor vehicles. (g) For the purposes of this section, contiguous subdivisions that are developed by the same entity or a successor to that entity and that are given the same public name or a variation of the same public name are considered one subdivision. Separation of one of the subdivisions from another by a road, stream, greenbelt, or similar barrier does not make the subdivisions noncontiguous. (h) This section does not apply to: (1) a vehicle owned by a utility that an employee of the utility who is on call 24 hours a day parks at the employee's residence; or (2) a vehicle owned by a commercial establishment that is parked on the street adjacent to where the establishment is located.

IRG 22.8: Lane-direction-control signals - TC 544.009

If a lane-direction-control signal is placed over an individual lane of a highway, a vehicle may travel in a lane over which a green signal is shown but may not enter or travel in a lane over which a red signal is shown.

IRG 22.6: Penalties for Failure to Yield Right of Way Resulting in Accident TC 542.4045

If it is shown on the trial of an offense under this subtitle in which an element is the failure by the operator of a vehicle to yield the right-of-way to another vehicle that an accident resulted from the operator's failure to yield the right-of-way: (1) the offense is punishable by a fine of not less than $500 or more than $2,000, if a person other than the operator of the vehicle suffered bodily injury, as defined by Section 1.07, Penal Code, in the accident; and (2) the offense is punishable by a fine of not less than $1,000 or more than $4,000, if a person other than the operator of the vehicle suffered serious bodily injury, as defined by Section 1.07, Penal Code, in the accident.

IRG 22.8: Lane use signs TC - 544.011

If, on a highway having more than one lane with vehicles traveling in the same direction, the Texas Department of Transportation or a local authority places a sign that directs slower traffic to travel in a lane other than the farthest left lane, the sign must read "left lane for passing only."

IRG 22.16: Permissible conduct - TC 546.001

In operating an authorized emergency vehicle the operator may: (1) park or stand, irrespective of another provision of this subtitle; (2) proceed past a red or stop signal or stop sign, after slowing as necessary for safe operation; (3) exceed a maximum speed limit, except as provided by an ordinance adopted under Section 545.365, as long as the operator does not endanger life or property; and (4) disregard a regulation governing the direction of movement or turning in specified directions.

IRG 22.9: Operator - TC 545.002

In this chapter, a reference to an operator includes a reference to the vehicle operated by the operator if the reference imposes a duty or provides a limitation on the movement or other operation of that vehicle.

IRG 22.9: Driving on multiple-lane roadway - TC 545.061

On a roadway divided into three or more lanes and providing for one-way movement of traffic, an operator entering a lane of traffic from a lane to the right shall yield the right-of-way to a vehicle entering the same lane of traffic from a lane to the left.

IRG 22.8: Adoption of Sign Manual for State Highways - TC 544.001

The Texas Transportation Commission shall adopt a manual and specifications for a uniform system of traffic-control devices consistent with this chapter that correlates with and to the extent possible conforms to the system approved by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.

IRG 22.9: Restriction on use of highway - TC 545.0651

The commission by order may restrict, by class of vehicle, through traffic to two or more designated lanes of a highway. If the lanes to be restricted by the commission are located within a municipality, the commission shall consult with the municipality before adopting an order under this section. A municipality by ordinance may restrict, by class of vehicle, through traffic to two or more designated lanes of a highway in the municipality. (c) An order or ordinance under Subsection (b) must allow a restricted vehicle to use any lane of the highway to pass another vehicle and to enter and exit the highway. (d) Before adopting an ordinance, a municipality shall submit to the department a description of the proposed restriction. The municipality may not enforce the restrictions unless the department's executive director or the executive director's designee has approved the restrictions. (e) Department approval under Subsection (d) must: (1) be based on a traffic study performed by the department to evaluate the effect of the proposed restriction; and (2) to the greatest extent practicable, ensure a systems approach to preclude the designation of inconsistent lane restrictions among adjacent municipalities. (f) The department's executive director or the executive director's designee may suspend or rescind approval of any restrictions approved under Subsection (d) for one or more of the following reasons: (1) a change in pavement conditions; (2) a change in traffic conditions; (3) a geometric change in roadway configuration; (4) construction or maintenance activity; or (5) emergency or incident management. (g) The department shall erect and maintain official traffic control devices necessary to implement and enforce an order adopted or an ordinance adopted and approved under this section. A restriction approved under this section may not be enforced until the appropriate traffic control devices are in place.

IRG 22.7: License ineligibility in general - TC 521.201

The department may not issue any license to a person who: (1) is under 15 years of age; (2) is under 18 years of age unless the person complies with the requirements imposed by Section 521.204; (3) is shown to be addicted to the use of alcohol, a controlled substance, or another drug that renders a person incapable of driving; (4) holds a driver's license issued by this state or another state or country that is revoked, canceled, or under suspension; (5) has been determined by a judgment of a court to be totally incapacitated or incapacitated to act as the operator of a motor vehicle unless the person has, by the date of the license application, been: (A) restored to capacity by judicial decree; or (B) released from a hospital for the mentally incapacitated on a certificate by the superintendent or administrator of the hospital that the person has regained capacity; (6) the department determines to be afflicted with a mental or physical disability or disease that prevents the person from exercising reasonable and ordinary control over a motor vehicle while operating the vehicle on a highway, except that a person may not be refused a license because of a physical defect if common experience shows that the defect does not incapacitate a person from safely operating a motor vehicle; (7) has been reported by a court under Section 521.3452 for failure to appear unless the court has filed an additional report on final disposition of the case; or (8) has been reported by a court for failure to appear or default in payment of a fine for a misdemeanor that is not covered under Subdivision (7) and that is punishable by a fine only, including a misdemeanor under a municipal ordinance, committed by a person who was under 17 years of age at the time of the alleged offense, unless the court has filed an additional report on final disposition of the case.

IRG 22.7: Designator on license issued to person under 21 years of age - TC 521.123

The department shall: (1) designate and clearly mark as a provisional license each original driver's license issued by the department to a person who is under 18 years of age; and (2) for each original, renewed, or duplicate license issued to a person who is under 21 years of age: (A) indicate "UNDER 21" on the face of the license; and (B) orient the information on the license to clearly distinguish the license from a license that is issued to a person who is 21 years of age or older.

IRG 22.7: Persons exempt from license requirement - TC 521.027

The following persons are exempt from the license requirement imposed under this chapter: (1) a person in the service of the state military forces or the United States while the person is operating an official motor vehicle in the scope of that service; (2) a person while the person is operating a road machine, farm tractor, or implement of husbandry on a highway, unless the vehicle is a commercial motor vehicle under Section 522.003; (3) a nonresident on active duty in the armed forces of the United States who holds a license issued by the person's state or Canadian province of residence; and (4) a person who is the spouse or dependent child of a nonresident exempt under Subdivision (3) and who holds a license issued by the person's state or Canadian province of residence.

IRG 22.13: Presumption - TC 545.308

The governing body of a local authority, by ordinance, order, or other official action, may provide that in a prosecution for an offense under this subchapter involving the stopping, standing, or parking of an unattended motor vehicle it is presumed that the registered owner of the vehicle is the person who stopped, stood, or parked the vehicle at the time and place the offense occurred.

IRG 22.16: Duty of care - TC 546.005

This chapter does not relieve the operator of an authorized emergency vehicle from: (1) the duty to operate the vehicle with appropriate regard for the safety of all persons; or (2) the consequences of reckless disregard for the safety of others.

IRG 22.6: General rule of uniformity - TC 542.201

This subtitle applies uniformly throughout this state. A local authority may not enact or enforce an ordinance or rule that conflicts with this subtitle unless expressly authorized by this subtitle. However, a local authority may regulate traffic in a manner that does not conflict with this subtitle.

IRG 22.6: Persons and equipment engaged in work on highway surface - TC 542.004

This subtitle does not apply to a person, team, motor vehicle, or other equipment engaged in work on a highway unless the provision is specifically made applicable, but does apply to those persons and vehicles while traveling to or from that work.

IRG 22.6: Rules on private property - TC 542.005

This subtitle does not prevent an owner of private property that is a private road from: (1) regulating or prohibiting use of the property by the public for vehicular travel; or (2) requiring conditions different from or in addition to those specified by this subtitle.

IRG 22.11: Vehicle turning left - TC 545.152

To turn left at an intersection or into an alley or private road or driveway, an operator shall yield the right-of-way to a vehicle that is approaching from the opposite direction and that is in the intersection or in such proximity to the intersection as to be an immediate hazard.

IRG 22.7: Commercial driver's license (3)- TC 522.003

a license issued to an individual that authorizes the individual to drive a class of commercial motor vehicle.

IRG 22.7: Commercial motor vehicle (5)- TC 522.003

a motor vehicle or combination of motor vehicles used to transport passengers or property that: (A) has a gross combination weight or a gross combination weight rating of 26,001 or more pounds, including a towed unit with a gross vehicle weight or a gross vehicle weight rating of more than 10,000 pounds; (B) has a gross vehicle weight or a gross vehicle weight rating of 26,001 or more pounds; (C) is designed to transport 16 or more passengers, including the driver; or (D) is transporting hazardous materials and is required to be placarded under 49 C.F.R. Part 172, Subpart F.

IRG 22.7: Commercial driver learner's permit (4)- TC 522.003

a permit that restricts the holder to driving a commercial motor vehicle as provided by Section 522.011(a)(2)(B)

IRG 22.7: Post Office Box NOT Valid as Address -TC 521.1427

a) In this section, "post office box address" means a United States Postal Service post office box address or a private mailbox address. (b) Unless an exception exists under state or federal law, an applicant may receive delivery of a license or a personal identification certificate at a post office box address only if the applicant has provided the department the physical address where the applicant resides. (c) The department may require the applicant to provide documentation that the department determines necessary to verify the validity of the physical address provided under Subsection (b). (d) The department may contract with a third-party personal data verification service to assist the department in verifying whether the physical address provided by the applicant is the applicant's actual residence.

IRG 22.7: Medical and Emergency Information on License - TC 521.125

a) On the reverse side of a driver's license, the department shall: (1) print: (A) "Allergic Reaction to Drugs: __________"; (B) "Directive to physician has been filed at tel. #"; (C) "Emergency contact tel. #"; and (D) if space allows, any medical information provided by the license holder under Section 521.142(h); (2) include to the right of the statements under Subdivisions (1)(B) and (C) a surface on which the license holder may write the appropriate telephone number; and (3) include to the left of each of the statements under Subdivisions (1)(B) and (C) a box that the license holder may use to indicate for what purpose the telephone number applies. (b) In addition to the requirements of Subsection (a)(1)(D), if space allows, the department shall indicate any medical information by a uniform symbol or code on the face of the license in the space where the department indicates a restriction or endorsement.

IRG 22.7: Personal Identification Certificate - TC 521.101

a) The department shall issue personal identification certificates. (b) A personal identification certificate must be similar in form to, but distinguishable in color from, a driver's license. (c) The department shall indicate "UNDER 21" on the face of a personal identification certificate issued to a person under 21 years of age. (d) The department may require each applicant for an original, renewal, or duplicate personal identification certificate to furnish to the department the information required by Section 521.142. (d-1) Unless the information has been previously provided to the department, the department shall require each applicant for an original, renewal, or duplicate personal identification certificate to furnish to the department: (1) proof of the applicant's United States citizenship; or (2) documentation described by Subsection (f-2). (e) The department may cancel and require surrender of a personal identification certificate after determining that the holder was not entitled to the certificate or gave incorrect or incomplete information in the application for the certificate. (f) A personal identification certificate: (1) for an applicant who is a citizen, national, or legal permanent resident of the United States or a refugee or asylee lawfully admitted into the United States, expires on a date specified by the department; or (2) for an applicant not described by Subdivision (1), expires on: (A) the earlier of: (i) a date specified by the department; or (ii) the expiration date of the applicant's authorized stay in the United States; or (B) the first anniversary of the date of issuance, if there is no definite expiration date for the applicant's authorized stay in the United States. (f-1) A personal identification certificate issued to a person whose residence or domicile is a correctional facility or a parole facility expires on the first birthday of the license holder occurring after the first anniversary of the date of issuance. (f-2) An applicant who is not a citizen of the United States must present to the department documentation issued by the appropriate United States agency that authorizes the applicant to be in the United States. (f-3) The department may not issue a personal identification certificate to an applicant who fails or refuses to comply with Subsection (f-2). (f-4) The department may not deny a personal identification certificate to an applicant who complies with Subsection (f-2) based on the duration of the person's authorized stay in the United States, as indicated by the documentation presented under Subsection (f-2). (g) An individual, corporation, or association may not deny the holder of a personal identification certificate access to goods, services, or facilities, except as provided by Section 521.460 or in regard to the operation of a motor vehicle, because the holder has a personal identification certificate rather than a driver's license. (h) The department shall automatically revoke each personal identification certificate issued by the department to a person who: (1) is subject to the registration requirements of Chapter 62, Code of Criminal Procedure; and (2) fails to apply to the department for renewal of the personal identification certificate as required by Article 62.060 or 62.2021, Code of Criminal Procedure, as applicable. (i) The department may issue a personal identification certificate to a person whose certificate is revoked under Subsection (h) only if the person applies for an original or renewal certificate under Section 521.103. (j) The department may not issue a personal identification certificate to a person who has not established a domicile in this state. (k) Except as provided by this section, a personal identification certificate issued under this chapter: (1) must: (A) be in the same format; (B) have the same appearance and orientation; and (C) contain the same type of information; and (2) may not include any information that this chapter does not reference or require. (l) The application for the personal identification certificate must provide space for the applicant: (1) to voluntarily list any information that may qualify the applicant to receive a personal identification certificate with a designation under Section 521.102; and (2) to include proof required by the department to determine the applicant's eligibility to receive that designation. (m) The department shall adopt procedures for the issuance of a personal identification certificate to a person who surrenders the person's driver's license at the time of applying for the certificate. The procedures: (1) must be in compliance with federal guidelines governing the issuance of identification documents; (2) may require the person issued a personal identification certificate to update information previously provided to the department under Section 521.142; and (3) except as provided by Subdivision (2), may not require a person to provide additional identification documents unless required for compliance with federal guidelines described by Subdivision (1).

IRG 22.7: Class M license - TC 521.084

authorizes the holder of the license to operate a motorcycle as defined by Section 541.201.

IRG 22.7: Class C license - TC 521.083

authorizes the holder of the license to operate: (1) a vehicle or combination of vehicles not described by Section 521.081 or 521.082; and (2) a vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating of less than 26,001 pounds towing a farm trailer with a gross vehicle weight rating that is not more than 20,000 pounds.

IRG 22.7: Class A license - TC 521.081

authorizes the holder of the license to operate: (1) a vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating of 26,001 pounds or more; or (2) a combination of vehicles that has a gross combination weight rating of 26,001 pounds or more, if the gross vehicle weight rating of any vehicle or vehicles in tow is more than 10,000 pounds.

IRG 22.7: Class B license - TC 521.082

authorizes the holder of the license to operate: (1) a vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating that is more than 26,000 pounds; (2) a vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating of 26,000 pounds or more towing: (A) a vehicle, other than a farm trailer, with a gross vehicle weight rating that is not more than 10,000 pounds; or (B) a farm trailer with a gross vehicle weight rating that is not more than 20,000 pounds; and (3) a bus with a seating capacity of 24 passengers or more.

IRG 22.9: School Bus (2)- TC 545.001

includes a multifunction school activity bus.

IRG 22.5: Dispose or dump - HSC 365.011(5)

mean to discharge, deposit, inject, spill, leak, or place litter on or into land or water.

IRG 22.7: Ignition Interlock Device (2)- TC 521.241

means a device that uses a deep-lung breath analysis mechanism to make impractical the operation of a motor vehicle if ethyl alcohol is detected in the breath of the operator of the vehicle.

IRG 22.15: Automated motor vehicle- TC 545.451

means a motor vehicle on which an automated driving system is installed.

IRG 22.15: Human operator- TC 545.451

means a natural person in an automated motor vehicle who controls the entire dynamic driving task.

IRG 22.7: Essential Need (1)- TC 521.241

means a need of a person for the operation of a motor vehicle: (A) in the performance of an occupation or trade or for transportation to and from the place at which the person practices the person's occupation or trade; (B) for transportation to and from an educational facility in which the person is enrolled; or (C) in the performance of essential household duties

IRG 22.7: Nonresident (7)- TC 521.001

means a person who is not a resident of this state.

IRG 22.7: Driver's License (3)- TC 521.001

means an authorization issued by the department for the operation of a motor vehicle. The term includes: (A) a temporary license or learner license; and (B) an occupational license.

IRG 22.7: License (6)- TC 521.001

means an authorization to operate a motor vehicle that is issued under or granted by the laws of this state. The term includes: (A) a driver's license; (B) the privilege of a person to operate a motor vehicle regardless of whether the person holds a driver's license; and (C) a nonresident's operating privilege.

IRG 22.15: Automated driving system- TC 545.451

means hardware and software that, when installed on a motor vehicle and engaged, are collectively capable of performing, without any intervention or supervision by a human operator: (A) all aspects of the entire dynamic driving task for the vehicle on a sustained basis; and (B) any fallback maneuvers necessary to respond to a failure of the system.

IRG 22.5: · Public Highway - HSC 365.011(8)

means the entire width between property lines of a road, street, way, thoroughfare, bridge, public beach, or park in this state, not privately owned or controlled, if any part of the road, street, way, thoroughfare, bridge, public beach, or park: (A) is opened to the public for vehicular traffic; (B) is used as a public recreational area; or (C) is under the state's legislative jurisdiction through its police power.

IRG 22.15: Entire dynamic driving task- TC 545.451

means the operational and tactical aspects of operating a vehicle. The term: (A) includes: (i) operational aspects, including steering, braking, accelerating, and monitoring the vehicle and the roadway; and (ii) tactical aspects, including responding to events, determining when to change lanes, turning, using signals, and other related actions; and (B) does not include strategic aspects, including determining destinations or waypoints.

IRG 22.7: Gross Combination Weight Rating (4)- TC 521.001

means the value specified by the manufacturer as the loaded weight of a combination or articulated vehicle or, if the manufacturer has not specified a value, the sum of the gross vehicle weight rating of the power unit and the total weight of the towed unit or units and any load on a towed unit.

IRG 22.7: Gross combination weight rating (17)- TC 522.003

means the value specified by the manufacturer as the loaded weight of a combination or articulated vehicle or, if the manufacturer has not specified a value, the sum of the gross vehicle weight rating of the power unit and the total weight of the towed unit or units and any load on a towed unit.

IRG 22.7: Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (5)- TC 521.001

means the value specified by the manufacturer as the loaded weight of a single vehicle.

IRG 22.7: Gross vehicle weight rating (18)- TC 522.003

means the value specified by the manufacturer as the loaded weight of a single vehicle.

IRG 22.7: Definition of Habitual Violator (b)- TC 521.292

person has four or more convictions that arise out of different transactions in 12 consecutive months, or seven or more convictions that arise out of different transactions in 24 months, if the convictions are for moving violations of the traffic laws of any state, Canadian province, or political subdivision, other than a violation under: (1) Section 621.101, 621.201, or 621.203-621.207; (2) Subchapter B or C, Chapter 623; or (3) Section 545.413.

IRG 22.7: Driver's License for Peace Officer - TC 521.1211

the department by rule shall adopt procedures for the issuance of a driver's license to an applicant that omits the license holder's actual residence address and includes, as an alternative, an address described under Subsection (f). (c) To be issued a driver's license under this section, an applicant must apply to the department and provide sufficient evidence acceptable to the department to establish the applicant's status as a person described under Subsection (a-1). On issuance of the license, the license holder shall surrender any other driver's license issued to the holder by the department. (d) If the holder of a driver's license that includes an alternative address moves to a new residence, or, for a prosecutor, to a new office address, or if the name of the person is changed by marriage or otherwise, the license holder shall, not later than the 30th day after the date of the address or name change, notify the department and provide the department with the number of the person's driver's license and, as applicable, the person's: (1) former and new addresses; or (2) former and new names. (e) If the holder of a driver's license that includes an alternative address ceases to be a person described by Subsection (a-1), the license holder shall, not later than the 30th day after the date of the status change, apply to the department for issuance of a duplicate license. The duplicate license must include the person's actual current residence address. (f) The department shall accept as an alternative address: (1) for a peace officer, an address that is in the: (A) municipality or county of the peace officer's residence; or (B) county of the peace officer's place of employment; and (2) for a prosecutor, the address of an office of the prosecutor.

IRG 22.9: Pass or Passing (1)- TC 545.001

used in reference to a vehicle means to overtake and proceed past another vehicle moving in the same direction as the passing vehicle or to attempt that maneuver.