24.5 Common Animal Diseases
Haemonchus contortus
-"barber pole" or wire worm -is the single most deadly stomach worm -affects sheep in warm, moist climates -pierces the lining of the abomasum, causing protein loss
Anaplasmosis Prevention
-administering an antibiotic called oxytetracycline every three to four weeks when animals are at risk
Anaplasmosis Treatment
-administering blood transfusions -administering antibiotics (Tetracycline)
Osteragious Prevention
-administering one or more anthelmintic treatments during a production cycle -providing higher levels of protein in the diet -arranging a late turnout onto pasture in the spring
Coccidiosis Treatment
-administering sulfonamide drug
Osteragious Treatment
-administering the following at 3 week intervals: thiabendazole and ivermectin
Mange
-affects all animals -is caused by an external parasite -can be identified in various types, including: sarcoptic, psoroptic, chorioptic, demodectic, and psorergatic -is most commonly identified as Chorioptic Mange in the United States
Anaplasmosis symptoms
-anemia -fever -weight loss -shortness of breath -jaundice (yellowing of skin) -uncoordinated movements -abortion -death
Haemonchus contortus Symptoms
-anemia -pale mucous membranes -swelling under the jaw
Ringworm treatments
-applying anti-fungal ointments to lesions
Mange Prevention
-avoiding close confinement -keeping animals outdoors as much as possible -quarantining new animals
Ascaris Treatment
-de-worming animals using medications: fenbendazole, soramectin, levamisole
Haemonchus contortus Treatment
-de-worming animals with medications: levamisole, ivermectin, and thaibendazole
Haemonchus contortus Prevention
-de-worming at birth -monitoring herds carefully
Osteragious Symptoms
-decreased weight gain -decreased milk production -loss of blood protein -diarrhea
Coccidiosis symptoms
-diarrhea (bloody at times) -straining -loss of appetite -fever
Ascaris
-is a common parasite affecting swine of two or three months of age -zoonotic parasite -is generally known as roundworms -resides in the stomach, intestinal tract and even the lungs of swine -can be transmitted to humans through ingestion
Facial Eczema
-is a type of sunburn -affects grazing animals -is caused by a poisonous substance "sporidesmin" produced by fungus on pasture plants -causes liver damage
Anaplasmosis
-is also known as yellow-bag or yellow-fever -can affect all animals -is a blood disease caused by Anaplasma marginal and Anaplasma centrale -is transmitted and spread by ticks
Coccidiosis
-is caused by a number of protozoan from the family Coccidia -is caused by protozoan rupturing the intestinal cell lining -can be found in all animals, mostly in poultry and cattle
Osteragious
-is the principal worm parasite of beef and dairy cattle -attacks the lining of the abomasum -causes irritation and interferes with the digestive function
Facial Eczema Prevention
-keeping track of fungi counts in pastures -minimizing close grazing of pasture -shifting livestock to the pastures with low fungi counts
Ringworm
-known as Club Lamb Fungus -Affects all animals -is highly contagious -can be transmitted to humans, therefore it is a zoonotic fungal disease -is a fungus which invades the skin and hair (wool)
Mange symptoms
-lesions -itchiness -crusts and scabs -hair loss -ulcerations on the legs -weight loss -decreased milk production -increased susceptibility to other diseases
Ringworm Symptoms
-lesions appearing on the head, neck and back -hair loss around infected area
Facial Eczema Treatment
-sheltering animals from direct sunlight -removing animals from infected field -contacting a veterinary practitioner
Mange Treatments
-spaying the animal with a medicated solution at high pressure -using a lime-surfer dip weekly on cattle
Facial Eczema Symptoms
-sunburn -puffy eyes -puffy face -rapid wright loss -jaundice
Ringworm Prevention
-utilizing proper sanitation practices of brushes, clippers and bedding -minimizing contact with infected animals
Coccidiosis Prevention
-utilizing proper sanitation techniques -placing sulfa guanidine or nitrofurazone in feed or water -using a feed with correct minerals and antibiotics
Ascaris Prevention
-utilizing through cleaning and sanitation techniques -controlling pests and rodents -minimizing traffic -providing good nutrition
Ascaris Symptoms
-wight loss -slow weight pain -abdominal pain -coughing or trouble breathing -pneumonia
