24.5 Common Animal Diseases

Haemonchus contortus

-"barber pole" or wire worm -is the single most deadly stomach worm -affects sheep in warm, moist climates -pierces the lining of the abomasum, causing protein loss

Anaplasmosis Prevention

-administering an antibiotic called oxytetracycline every three to four weeks when animals are at risk

Anaplasmosis Treatment

-administering blood transfusions -administering antibiotics (Tetracycline)

Osteragious Prevention

-administering one or more anthelmintic treatments during a production cycle -providing higher levels of protein in the diet -arranging a late turnout onto pasture in the spring

Coccidiosis Treatment

-administering sulfonamide drug

Osteragious Treatment

-administering the following at 3 week intervals: thiabendazole and ivermectin

Mange

-affects all animals -is caused by an external parasite -can be identified in various types, including: sarcoptic, psoroptic, chorioptic, demodectic, and psorergatic -is most commonly identified as Chorioptic Mange in the United States

Anaplasmosis symptoms

-anemia -fever -weight loss -shortness of breath -jaundice (yellowing of skin) -uncoordinated movements -abortion -death

Haemonchus contortus Symptoms

-anemia -pale mucous membranes -swelling under the jaw

Ringworm treatments

-applying anti-fungal ointments to lesions

Mange Prevention

-avoiding close confinement -keeping animals outdoors as much as possible -quarantining new animals

Ascaris Treatment

-de-worming animals using medications: fenbendazole, soramectin, levamisole

Haemonchus contortus Treatment

-de-worming animals with medications: levamisole, ivermectin, and thaibendazole

Haemonchus contortus Prevention

-de-worming at birth -monitoring herds carefully

Osteragious Symptoms

-decreased weight gain -decreased milk production -loss of blood protein -diarrhea

Coccidiosis symptoms

-diarrhea (bloody at times) -straining -loss of appetite -fever

Ascaris

-is a common parasite affecting swine of two or three months of age -zoonotic parasite -is generally known as roundworms -resides in the stomach, intestinal tract and even the lungs of swine -can be transmitted to humans through ingestion

Facial Eczema

-is a type of sunburn -affects grazing animals -is caused by a poisonous substance "sporidesmin" produced by fungus on pasture plants -causes liver damage

Anaplasmosis

-is also known as yellow-bag or yellow-fever -can affect all animals -is a blood disease caused by Anaplasma marginal and Anaplasma centrale -is transmitted and spread by ticks

Coccidiosis

-is caused by a number of protozoan from the family Coccidia -is caused by protozoan rupturing the intestinal cell lining -can be found in all animals, mostly in poultry and cattle

Osteragious

-is the principal worm parasite of beef and dairy cattle -attacks the lining of the abomasum -causes irritation and interferes with the digestive function

Facial Eczema Prevention

-keeping track of fungi counts in pastures -minimizing close grazing of pasture -shifting livestock to the pastures with low fungi counts

Ringworm

-known as Club Lamb Fungus -Affects all animals -is highly contagious -can be transmitted to humans, therefore it is a zoonotic fungal disease -is a fungus which invades the skin and hair (wool)

Mange symptoms

-lesions -itchiness -crusts and scabs -hair loss -ulcerations on the legs -weight loss -decreased milk production -increased susceptibility to other diseases

Ringworm Symptoms

-lesions appearing on the head, neck and back -hair loss around infected area

Facial Eczema Treatment

-sheltering animals from direct sunlight -removing animals from infected field -contacting a veterinary practitioner

Mange Treatments

-spaying the animal with a medicated solution at high pressure -using a lime-surfer dip weekly on cattle

Facial Eczema Symptoms

-sunburn -puffy eyes -puffy face -rapid wright loss -jaundice

Ringworm Prevention

-utilizing proper sanitation practices of brushes, clippers and bedding -minimizing contact with infected animals

Coccidiosis Prevention

-utilizing proper sanitation techniques -placing sulfa guanidine or nitrofurazone in feed or water -using a feed with correct minerals and antibiotics

Ascaris Prevention

-utilizing through cleaning and sanitation techniques -controlling pests and rodents -minimizing traffic -providing good nutrition

Ascaris Symptoms

-wight loss -slow weight pain -abdominal pain -coughing or trouble breathing -pneumonia