322: Final practice, previous quizzes

What are the 4 revolutions/movements that took place in the 1960's and 1970's that Dr. Arnett argues set the stage for the new life stage of emerging adulthood? Simply list the names of these four revolutions/movements.

Technological Revolution Sexual Revolution Women's Movement Youth Movement

According to social control theory, delinquency is caused by: a. a lack of bonds to the family, the school, or the workplace. b. unconventionality in the adolescent's personality. c. biologically based differences in arousal and sensation-seeking.

a

According to the textbook, the main contributor to the increased rate of automobile accidents among teenagers is: a. driving with other teenagers in the car. b. texting while driving. c. driving under the influence. d. talking on the phone, especially having an emotional conversation.

a

Most researchers today believe that adolescents evaluate themselves: a. both globally and along several distinct dimensions. b. along several distinct dimensions, such as academics, athletics, and moral behavior. c. in constant comparison to their peers and their ideal self.

a

One discrepancy in the way that society treats adolescents is that courts have ruled that teenagers have the right to obtain ________; however, the courts have also upheld laws forbidding adolescents to obtain ________. a. contraceptives; cigarettes or vulgar magazines b. vulgar magazines; contraceptives c. cigarettes; contraceptives

a

Theodore has been referred to as an "acting-out" adolescent. He engages in delinquent behavior. Theodore most likely had a(n) ________ disorder.

externalizing

Kikko strongly dislikes country music but told Keith, who is a big country music fan and her latest love interest, that country music is her favorite and that she would love to go with him to a country music concert. This type of behavior is called:

false-self

Findings from research studies have found that the most marked fluctuations in self-image happen: a. over the course of late adolescence. b. during the transition into adolescence. c. during middle adolescence.

b

Which of the following is a common message that the media conveys about sex? a. Unprotected sex can have serious consequences. b. Women are sex objects. c. Sex is a defining aspect of femininity.

b

Which of the following statements about the inventionist perspective is true? a. Adolescence is driven by the physiological changes of puberty. b. Adolescence is a separate period that has been largely determined by the broader social environment. c. Adolescence is not a distinct period in the life cycle and should not be regarded as such.

b

Jane, an adolescent, can attribute her improved skills in planning and decision making to her own efforts and to her:

prefrontal cortex

Overall, what is social media's impact on teenagers? a. The impact of social media on teenagers depends on several different factors. b. The impact of social media on teenagers is positive overall. c. Social media has an overall negative impact on teenagers. d. Social media positively influences mental health but negatively influences physical health.

a

Research on the nature of parent-adolescent relationships reveals that most adolescents: a. appear to maintain close, respectful, and loving relationships with parents. b. experience considerable storm and stress in relationships with their parents. c. become even closer to parents, and report almost no disruptions in their relationships with them. d. resent their parents and rebel against their restrictions.

a

The formation of synapses is: a. both genetically programmed and formed through experience. b. almost entirely genetically programmed. c. neither genetically programmed nor formed through experience. d. almost entirely formed through experience.

a

Which of the following is most likely to deter adolescents from delinquent behavior? a. adult supervision b. a part-time job c. peer pressure

a

You want to design a study that examines friendships between 10-year-olds and 15-year-olds in contemporary American society. Your advisor tells you that these friendships will be difficult to find and track. Why is that? a. age grading b. peer dynamics c. youth culture

a

Children's friendships are based on ________, whereas adolescents' friendships are typically based on ________.

activities, intimacy

The sexual ________ of males and females may be similar, but the sexual ________ of males and females is quite different.

behaviour, socialization

Juanita has decided not to go along with her friends and drink after school. She realizes that drinking is wrong and decides not to give in to the peer pressure. What of the three types of autonomy is Juanita exhibiting?

behavioural

Maria is the mother of a 6-month-old baby girl, Antonia. Antonia does not seem to have a close, trusting bond with Maria. Instead, their relationship is characterized by ambivalence. What type of attachment best describes Antonia's relationship with Maria? a. indifferent attachment b. anxious-avoidant attachment c. anxious-resistant attachment

c

Reward seeking and sensation seeking: a. are equally high during childhood and adolescence. b. are lower during adolescence than childhood. c. are higher during adolescence than they were in childhood.

c

Settings for intimate interactions and friendships are called ________, whereas ________ are based on reputation rather than on actual social interaction.

cliques, crowds

Much research on adults as well as adolescents indicates that the gaps between ________ and ________ in everyday situations are very large, with everyday decision making laden with logical errors that cannot be explained by cognitive incompetence. a. extensive logical reasoning abilities; limited personal experience b. what individuals want to do; what they have time for c. what individuals want to do; what they actually do d. logical reasoning abilities; the actual use of logical reasoning

d

Which of the following statements about secondary schools is true? a. Many poorer families in developing countries no longer need their adolescents to work. b. In the developing world, rates of enrollment in secondary schools have not changed much in a century. c. In most developed countries, more boys than girls are enrolled in secondary school. d. Almost all American 17- and 18-year-olds are enrolled in school.

d

Which of the following supports adolescents' improved ability to use deductive reasoning, as described in the text? a. the ability to respond instinctively to a simple question b. increasing comfort with concrete, logical situations c. the ability to make an inference that rejects accumulated evidence d. the ability to stop oneself from acting automatically

d

The proportion of American high school students holding part-time jobs has ______ during the last 30 years.

decreased

In classical psychoanalytic theories, the process of separation that occurs during early adolescence is referred to as:

detachment

What family factor appears to predict adolescent sexual involvement, especially among girls?

household composition

Whereas ________ refers to individuals' capacity to behave on their own, ________ has emotional and cognitive as well as behavioral components.

independence, autonomy

Dara suffers from depression. What type of disorder does Dara's condition reflect?

internalizing

According to Sullivan, development can be best understood by examining transformations in:

interpersonal needs

Which writer suggested that the speed at which society changes affects the socialization of adolescents?

margaret mead

The text suggests that ________ abilities are a good explanation of adolescent egocentrism.

metacognitive

Susan is a White, female adolescent. As such, she is ________ likely to experience disturbances to her ________ than most other adolescents.

more, self-image

Returning to addictive Internet behaviour after getting it under control

relapse

Feeling like being online is the most important thing in life:

salience

In early adolescence, ________ friendships are common, but in late adolescence, ________ friendships begin to occur more.

same sex, opposite sex

Needing more and more internet time to feel satisfied

tolerence

The process of separating students into different levels of classes within the same school is called:

tracking

Problem behavior syndrome involves:

unconventional thoughts