354 chapter 15

incremental

Which type of innovation do other innovations often rely on?

incremental

Which type of innovation is the most common?

assumptions

_________ are those organizational values that have become so taken for granted over time that they become the core of the company's culture.

disagreeable

_________ conflict management norms resolve conflict in a competitive manner

agreeable

_________ conflict management norms resolve conflict in a cooperative manner.

active

_________ conflict management norms resolve conflict openly.

Passive

_________ conflict management norms tend to avoid addressing conflict.

Organizational culture

_________ is a system of shared norms and assumptions that guides organization members' attitudes and behaviors.

Socialization

_________ is the process through which children learn to become adults in a society.

Organizational socialization

_________ is the process through which employees learn about their organization's culture.

Espoused

_________ values and norms are the preferred values and norms explicitly stated by the organization.

Enacted

_________ values and norms are the values and norms that employees exhibit based on their observations of what actually goes on in the organization.

avoidant

Evading open discussion of the conflict issue is most common within _____________ conflict cultures.

incremental

A(n) _________ innovation continues the technical improvement and extends the applications of other innovations.

radical

The internet was an example of which kind of innovation?

passive-aggressive

The silent treatment is most common within _________ conflict cultures

resists change

The strength or weakness of a culture reflects the degree to which the culture

taken for granted

The values that make up organization culture are often ____.

stories and symbols

Research suggests that organization culture is understood and communicated through the use of

set of shared norms for managing conflict

A conflict culture is a

artifact

A(n) _________ is a physical manifestation of an organization's culture.

implicit, highly

An organization's assumptions are _________ and _________ resistant to change.

intranets

Because work groups develop their own subcultures, _________ can be used to build a common cultural foundation.

be fully aware of the culture's values

Ben wants to take advantage of the existing culture of his organization. To do this, Ben must first

long and difficult

Changing an organization's culture is a(n) _________ process.

culture, no matter how good the strategy is

If a business strategy and corporate culture are pulling in two different directions, the _________ will win _________.

weak positive

In a ______________ culture, employee values and behaviors are consistent with the organization's values, and the culture is receptive to change.

strong positive

In a ______________ culture, employee values and behaviors are consistent with the organization's values, and the culture is resistant to change.

strong negative

In a ______________ culture, the reaction to the arrival of the plant manager is: "Heads up! The plant manager is coming onto the production floor-look busy!"

collaborative

Southwest Airlines has a(n) __________ conflict culture

broad scope

A company that wants to promote a culture of openness and teamwork should ensure that its intranet has a

systems

A(n) _________ innovation creates a new functionality by assembling existing parts in new ways

radical

A(n) _________ innovation is a major breakthrough that changes or creates whole industries

innovative.

According to Fortune magazine, the most admired organizations are those that are the most ____.

all of these

All of the following are mechanisms that can affect the socialization of workers EXCEPT

only small organizations can truly be innovative

All of the following statements are true about innovation EXCEPT

it is usually something that can be accomplished in a day-long new employee orientation program.

All of the following statements are true about socialization EXCEPT

inclusion

An organization's culture of _________ reflects the extent to which majority members value efforts to increase minority representation, and whether the qualifications and abilities of minority members are questioned.

long,long

An organization's culture takes a _________ time to evolve, and it takes a _________ time to change it.

incremental

Athena's company specializes in the design of tennis ball canisters, making them sturdier, cheaper, and easier to open. This is an example of which type of innovation?

it changes so frequently that employees begin to resist further change

Culture resists change for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

avoidant

In a(n) _________ conflict culture, employees actively manage and resolve conflicts cooperatively to find the best solution for all involved parties.

dominating

In a(n) _________ conflict culture, open confrontations are accepted, as are heated arguments and threats.

force organizations to continuously improve their products.

Incremental innovations

secrecy and information hoarding

Intranets with a narrow scope can reinforce a culture of

is entrepreneurial activity that takes place within the organization

Intrapreneurship

No, because once a culture is changed, it tends to stick.

Johnny thinks that changing an organization's culture is like losing weight: It's difficult and it can be done, but the effect is usually temporary. Is Johnny correct?

taking advantage of the culture that is already there

Organization culture can be managed by

which actions are considered acceptable and which are considered unacceptable.

Organizational culture helps people in an organization understand

avoidant

Rather than dealing openly with conflict, a(n) _________ conflict culture resists conflict with tactics such as withholding information or withdrawing from contact with coworkers.

passive-aggressive

Rather than dealing openly with conflict, a(n) _________ conflict culture resists conflict with tactics such as withholding information or withdrawing from contact with coworkers.

corporate research

The most common means of developing innovation in the traditional organization is through

resists change

The positivity or negativity of a culture reflects the degree to which the culture

an appreciation for the status quo

The profile of an entrepreneur typically includes each of the following EXCEPT

observing the behavior of others

What is the most important mechanism of organizational socialization?

try to change the culture

What should a top manager who works in a company with performance-reducing values do?

the actual cultural values rather than those formally espoused

When the culture they observe contradicts the culture formally espoused in corporate pamphlets, new employees come to accept

systems

When the gasoline engine was combined with bicycle and carriage technology to create automobiles, that was an example of which kind of innovation?

they usually reduce organizational performance

Which of the following is NOT true about strong cultures?

radical

Which type of innovation is the least common?