3660: Chapter #4

Entrepreneurs and business-owners of high uncertainty avoidance cultures will be more willing to take risks and make changes. (T/F)

False

People who violate folkways are considered to be evil or bad. (T/F)

False

The value systems and norms of a country have little influence on the costs of doing business in that country. (T/F)

False

The belief in the superiority of one's own culture is known as a.) ethnocentrism. b.) cultural relativism. c.) cross-cultural literacy. d.) the convergence hypothesis.

a.) ethnocentrism.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of a high degree of managerial mobility between companies? a.) lack of loyalty and commitment to an individual company b.) executives are not exposed to different ways of doing business c.) decrease in entrepreneurship d.) stagnation of the economy

a.) lack of loyalty and commitment to an individual company

Jonathon's family makes a point to sit down to dinner together every night. This is an example of folkways, which are characterized as a.) the routine conventions of everyday life. b.) abstract ideas about what a group believes to be good, right, and desirable. c.) norms that are central to the functioning of a society and to its social life. d.) a group of people who share a common set of values and norms.

a.) the routine conventions of everyday life.

Priyansh grew up in India, where caste systems have become less prevalent. Which of the following statements is true about a caste system? a.) In a caste system, social position is determined by individual performance. b.) A caste system is an open system of stratification. c.) A caste system is characterized by high social mobility. d.) A caste system is a rigid form of social stratification.

d.) A caste system is a rigid form of social stratification.

According to the findings of the World Values Survey, a.) as countries get richer, a shift occurs away from secular values to traditional values. b.) globalization has resulted in increasing divergence across cultures. c.) economic progress is accompanied by a shift in values away from individualism to collectivism. d.) As countries get richer, there seems to be a shift from survival values to well-being values.

d.) As countries get richer, there seems to be a shift from survival values to well-being values.

Which of the following aspects of Protestantism paved the way for the subsequent emphasis on individual economic and political freedoms? a.) The promise of salvation in the next world rather than this world b.) The emphasis on individual purity and focus on spiritual rather than economic pursuits c.) The emphasis on experiencing worldly pleasures d.) The emphasis on individual religious freedom

d.) The emphasis on individual religious freedom

It has been argued that the success of Japanese enterprises in the global economy has been based partly on which of the following? a.) consolidation of self-managing work teams b.) compartmentalization of different functions within Japanese companies c.) high degree of managerial mobility between companies d.) cooperation between a company and its suppliers on issues such as design, quality control, and inventory reduction

d.) cooperation between a company and its suppliers on issues such as design, quality control, and inventory reduction

The social rules and guidelines that prescribe appropriate behavior in a particular situation are called a.) mores. b.) values. c.) folkways. d.) norms.

d.) norms.

A mudarabah contract of Islamic banks is similar to a profit-sharing scheme. (T/F)

True

Hofstede's power distance dimension focused on how a society deals with the fact that people are unequal in physical and intellectual capabilities. (T/F)

True

Most of the world's ethical systems are the product of religions. (T/F)

True

One of the biggest dangers confronting a company that goes abroad for the first time is the danger of being ill-informed. (T/F)

True

What is the most widely practiced religion in the world? a.) Buddhism b.) Christianity c.) Islam d.) Hinduism

b.) Christianity

Hofstede's masculinity versus femininity dimension examined a.) the extent to which different cultures socialized women into tolerating uncertainty. b.) the relationship between gender and work roles. c.) the cultural changes resulting from women's liberation movements. d.) the impact of education on the gender roles attributed to men and women.

b.) the relationship between gender and work roles.

________ refers to a set of moral principles, or values, that are used to guide and shape behavior? a.) Class consciousness b.) Caste system c.) Ethical system d.) Class system

c.) Ethical system

Geert Hofstede added the dimension of indulgence to the World Values Survey to refer to a.) the extent to which different cultures socialized women into tolerating uncertainty. b.) attitudes toward time, persistence, ordering by status, protection of face, respect for tradition, and reciprocation of gifts and favors. c.) a society that allows relatively free gratification of basic and natural human drives related to enjoying life and having fun. d.) a society that suppresses gratification of needs and regulates it by means of strict social norms.

c.) a society that allows relatively free gratification of basic and natural human drives related to enjoying life and having fun.

A typical American value is an expectation that people have a right to live the way they want. Values are defined as a.) the social rules and guidelines that prescribe appropriate behavior in particular situations. b.) the routine conventions of everyday life. c.) ideas about what a group believes to be good, right, and desirable. c.) norms that are central to the functioning of a society and to its social life.

c.) ideas about what a group believes to be good, right, and desirable.