369 Final Exam Review

A patient is diagnosed with angina pectoris. What would the nurse include when explaining this condition to the patient?

"The heart muscle isn't getting enough oxygen."

For which patient would epidural anesthesia be contraindicated?

A 23-year-old woman with a platelet count of 50,000/µL

A female client is admitted to the hospital with hypoglycemia, nausea, muscle weakness, and depression. What is the most likely cause?

Addison disease

A nurse should understand which adverse effects of antineoplastic drugs are related to the death of rapidly growing cells?

Alopecia Leukopenia Stomatitis Thrombocytopenia

When teaching a group of students about antiarrhythmic therapy, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify what as the goal of antiarrhythmics

Altered conductivity

Which are classified as dopaminergic drugs?

Amantadine (Symmetrel) Bromocriptine (Parlodel) Carbidopa (Lodosyn)

A client taking benztropine (Cogentin) will have increased anticholinergic effects if which of the following medications are initiated? Select all that apply:

Amantadine (Symmetrel) Perphenazine (Trilafon)

An 83-year-old client is diagnosed with hypothyroidism and cardiovascular disease. The client is given levothyroxine to manage the hypothyroidism. The nurse would be alert for what symptom or disease process after institution of the drug?

Congestive heart failure

Which agents should be avoided in a patient receiving ranolazine?

Diltiazem Ketoconazole Erythromycin

A 10-year-old boy has been prescribed an antiparkinsonian drug. due to changes in movement. Which treatment should the nurse expect as the first choice for this child?

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

The community health nurse also assists the physician in the decision-making process for AED drug titration by performing which function?

Ensuring that the client makes the appointments for serum drug levels

An instructor describes the action of some anticoagulants as blocking the formation of thrombin from prothrombin. Which drugs would the instructor use as examples for this action?

Heparin Argatroban Bivalirudin

There are several classes of antiarrhythmic drugs. What class of antiarrhythmics drugs block potassium channels, prolonging phase 3 of the action potential, and slowing the rate and conduction of the heart?

III

The nurse knows that nitroglycerin can be administered in what ways?

IV Transmucosal Transdermal

Which substance is responsible for stimulating T and B cells to initiate an immune response?

Interleukin-1

A client with exercise-induced bronchospasm calls the physician's office to obtain a refill for his breathing medication. Which of the following should the nurse ask the physician to refill? Select all that apply:

Levalbuterol (Xopenex) Bitolterol (Tornalate)

A patient is being treated for Parkinson's disease and has been prescribed both levodopa (L-dopa) and carbidopa (Lodosyn). Why is this course of treatment most effective?

Levodopa restores dopamine and carbidopa decreases peripheral breakdown of levodopa.

After reviewing information about nonbarbiturate anesthetics, a group of students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which as an example?

Midazolam

A nurse should monitor a client taking short-term high-dose methylprednisolone (Medrol) for signs and symptoms of Cushing's syndrome that include what sign or symptom? (Select all that apply.) You Selected:

Moon face Buffalo hump Osteoporosis

Which statement best reflects the action of NMJ blockers?

Most do not affect pain perception and consciousness.

Which blood cell is responsible for phagocytosis?

Neutrophils

Ms. Catril is prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin by her physician for the treatment of stable angina. She contacts the physician office and states that she feels light-headed after taking the medication for an acute episode of chest pain. Based on the nurse's knowledge of nitroglycerin, what is the pathophysiology behind the patient having light-headedness?

Nitroglycerin causes relaxation of the arteries and veins, resulting in blood pooling in the extremities and the blood pressure dropping.

A client is receiving heparin. Which would the nurse use to monitor the effects of the drug?

Partial thromboplastin time

What is used to treat a warfarin (Coumadin) overdose?

Phytonadione

The client is admitted to the hospital after a suicide attempt. The nurse discovers that the client overdosed on aspirin. What does the nurse expect the physician to do?

Prescribe a transfusion of platelets.

After teaching a group of students about resistance, the instructor determines that the students need additional teaching when they identify what as a way that microorganisms develop resistance?

Production of a chemical to act as an antagonist

The nurse assists and educates clients about the structure and function of the cardiovascular system and its components. Based on the information, what is the correct response by the client about what is the normal "pacemaker" of the heart?

SA (sinoatrial) node

Aerosols are often the drugs of choice to treat asthma because of what characteristics?

They act directly on the airways. They can usually be given in smaller doses. They produce fewer adverse effects than oral or parenteral drugs. They relieve symptoms quickly.

While learning about corticosteroids in pharmacology class, a student asks the instructor to offer an example of indications for use. What could the instructor mention?

Treatment of a disease with an inflammatory component

A client is receiving a narcotic after having received a barbiturate for general anesthesia. What would most likely occur?

apnea

A female patient diagnosed with chronic atrial flutter has been prescribed verapamil in conjunction with digoxin to control ventricular rate. To enhance the therapeutic effect of the drug, the nurse will instruct the patient to:

avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice.

A client is receiving idarubicin. What is the nurse's priority assessment?

cardiac function

Which condition would predispose a client to experience a prolonged action of succinylcholine?

cirrhosis

The nursing instructor is discussing the pituitary gland with nursing students. What should the instructor tell the students about the posterior pituitary gland?

it stores hormones

Which classification of anti-infectives interferes with the steps involved in protein synthesis?

macrolides

Some evidence suggests that the death of the microorganism can stimulate the chemoreceptor trigger zone in which part of the brain, inducing nausea and vomiting?

medulla

A client is receiving sulfonamide therapy as a treatment for an infection. The nurse understands that this drug acts by:

preventing the organism's cells from dividing.

The client has been started on a fluoroquinolone and is now experiencing fever, abdominal cramping, and diarrhea. The nurse suspects the client may be experiencing:

superinfection.

When a local anesthetic is administered in increasing doses, which sensation is lost first?

temperature

After teaching a group of students about drugs as bronchodilators, the instructor determines that the teaching has been successful when the students identify which group of drugs as once being first-line agents?

xanthines