3805

Who was the first health care provider to acquire AIDS? 1. Linda Richards 2. Clara Maass 3. Barbara Fassbinder 4. Sharon Lane

3

The student nurse is using Pavalko's work to support the argument that nursing is a profession. Which criteria should this student investigate as related to nursing? (Select all that apply.) 1. Relevance to social values 2. A code of ethics 3. Theory 4. Individual identity 5. Abstract knowledge

1,2,3,5

What ethical issues arise from organ donation and transplantation? (Select all that apply.) 1. Allocation of organs. 2. Selling of organs. 3. Advanced consent for donation 4. Involvement of children as donors. 5. Cloning for the manufacture of organs.

1,2,4,5

What are the primary sources of law? (Select all that apply.) 1. Statutes 2. Contract 3. Constitutions 4. Decisions of court 5. Federal

1,3,4

Which option(s) are generally included in nurse practice acts? (Select all that apply.) 1. A definition of the authority of the board of nursing. 2. Specific guidelines for policy and procedures for nurses. 3. A definition of nursing. 4. The requirements for licensure. 5. Statements outlining clinical responsibilities of nurses.

1,3,4

The staff development instructor is preparing material for an in-service on role conflict in nurses. If the instructor provides the information according to consequences, in which order should this material be provided? 1. Role stress 2. Public image 3. Role discrepancy 4. Role value orientation

1,4,3,2

What determinants form the boundaries for nursing roles? (Select all that apply.) 1. Education and licensure 2. Nursing practice 3. Standards of nursing practice 4. Nurse practice acts 5. Codes of ethics

2,3,4,5

The nurse is preparing a presentation on notable nursing figures. In which order, chronologically, should the nurse present this information? 1. Loretta Ford 2. Mary Seacole 3. Lucy Osborne 4. Faye G. Abdellah 5. Cecilia Makiwane

2,3,5,1,4

A nurse has been sued for malpractice after a client received a wrong medication and required two additional days in the hospital. What type of legal action is most likely in this case? 1. Contract 2. Public 3. Criminal 4. Civil

4

How is the Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretative Statements most useful for nurses? 1. It gives direction for actions as related to specific cases of ethical dilemma. 2. It gives suggestions for use in cases of general-duty ethical dilemma. 3. It is best used to make suggestions to solve problems in critical situations. 4. It offers general guidelines for the ethical delivery of nursing care.

4

Lillian Wald is known for which contribution to nursing? 1. Established the Frontier Nursing Service 2. Founded the Nursing Order of Ministers of the Sick 3. Wrote the collections of poems called Drumtops 4. Developed the Henry Street Settlement

4

What knowledge or skill must the nurse possess to make the best use of the teleologic theory of ethics in decision-making? 1. Ability to predict the outcome of decisions. 2. What the rules are concerning the decision to be made. 3. Ability to see how good character traits impact the decision. 4. What the central caring goal of the decision is.

1

The newly licensed nurse committed a clinical error and was sanctioned by the unit manager. What is the purpose of a sanction? 1. Enforcement of norms 2. Documentation of wrongdoing 3. Development of leader-follower leveling 4. Externalization of ethics

1

The newly licensed nurse is modeling clinical actions and decisions after nurses who have worked on the unit for many years. In which activity is this nurse engaging? 1. Socialization 2. Ethics discrimination 3. Sanctioning 4. Norming

1

The nurse manager is concerned that the nursing staff is experiencing role stress related to higher acuity of clients. What is one way in which this manager could address this issue? 1. Encourage supportive relationships among the staff nurses. 2. Advocate for longer length of stay for these higher acuity clients. 3. Limit the number of high-acuity clients that can be admitted to the unit. 4. Create a structured management system with no room for individual variance.

1

The nurse wishes to participate in educational ethics rounds at the hospital. What is essential in these rounds? 1. The client must give consent. 2. The group must be interdisciplinary. 3. These rounds must be conducted privately. 4. The cases must be hypothetical

1

The nurse works in a small hospital that uses narrative documentation rather than computer documentation. The nurse makes a practice of documenting care only at the end of the shift, just before giving shift report. Which aspect of documentation credibility does this most clearly violate? 1. It is contemporaneous. 2. It is accurate. 3. It is truthful. 4. It is appropriate.

1

The prospective nursing student has investigated an associate degree nursing program and finds that it is nationally accredited. Which organization most likely has accredited this school? 1. National League for Nursing Accrediting Commission (NLNAC) 2. American Association of Colleges of Nursing Accrediting Branch (AACN) 3. National Student Nurses' Association (NSNA) 4. American Nurses Association (ANA)

1

To what does the moral principle of veracity refer? 1. Truth telling 2. Duty to do no harm 3. Faithfulness 4. Doing good

1

What happens when a federal law and a state law conflict? 1. Federal law supersedes state law. 2. State law supersedes federal law. 3. Both federal and state laws are superseded by local law. 4. The two types of law carry equal weight.

1

What is the major ethical argument related to allocation of health resources? 1. The question of whether health care is a right or a privilege. 2. How to provide low-cost prescription medication to low-income persons. 3. Whether physician or nurse practitioners provide the most cost-effective care. 4. Whether medication therapy is superior to diet therapy in the control of chronic illness

1

What is the only major discipline that does not require its members to hold at least a baccalaureate degree in order to be licensed? 1. Nursing 2. Medicine 3. Physical therapy 4. Dentistry

1

What is the significance of Rufaidah in the development of nursing? 1. She is believed to have started the first nursing school in Islam. 2. She was a Knight Hospitaller of St. John. 3. She started the Parabolani Brotherhood. 4. After converting to Christianity, she started hospitals in Palestine

1

Which organization published a 1965 position paper that identified associate degree nurses as "technical nurses"? 1. The American Medical Association 2. The American Nurses Association 3. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing 4. The National League for Nursing

2

Which term is used to describe the process by which a person assumes or develops a new role? 1. Norm validation 2. Role transition 3. Cognitive dissonance 4. Role incumbent

2

The nurse working at the bedside traditionally participates in which advocacy role? (Select all that apply.) 1. Legal 2. Self 3. Collective 4. Class 5. Citizen

2,5

Which historical figures provided nursing services during the Civil War? (Select all that apply.) 1. Louisa May Alcott 2. Harriet Tubman 3. Sojourner Truth 4. Lillian Wald 5. Clara Barton

1,2,3,5

One model of professional socialization consists of three stages: Stage 1, proficiency in specific tasks; Stage 2, attachment to significant others in the work environment; and Stage 3, internalization of the values of the professional group and adoption of behaviors it prescribes. Who developed this model? 1. Simpson 2. Hinshaw 3. Davis 4. Benner

1

The American Red Cross is planning a celebration of its founding. Which nurse should be included as an important figure? 1. Clara Barton 2. Luther Christman 3. Lucy Osborne 4. Cecilia Makiwane

1

The advanced practice nurse is thinking of moving to another state. What information about regulation of advanced nursing practice is important for this nurse to consider? 1. Regulations are specified by each state. 2. This is a national regulation. 3. It is the same as the regulation of basic nursing practice within each state. 4. Specific, separate regulation for advanced practice is not necessary except for nurse anesthetists.

1

The history of nursing is most strongly associated with which other factor? 1. The history of women 2. The development of medical technology 3. The growth of religion across the frontier 4. The decline of the family unit

1

A nurse would like to join a nursing organization and wants to be certain that it represents all nurses in the United States. Which organization should this nurse investigate? 1. The American Nurses Association (ANA) 2. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) 3. The National League for Nursing (NLN) 4. The International Council of Nurses (ICN)

1

For which nurse would the concern about chemical abuse be most appropriate? 1. A nurse who avoids colleagues and friends and has frequent mood swings. 2. A nurse who requests night shifts because of increasing financial responsibilities. 3. A nurse who always comes to work 15 minutes early by bus. 4. A nurse who arrives late for work with the excuse of a flat tire.

1

What was Sojourner Truth's contribution to society? 1. She helped identify the similarity between the problems of African Americans and women. 2. She was a crusader for the mentally ill. 3. She was known as the "Moses of her people." 4. Her work resulted in the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, granting women the right to vote.

1

What was the earliest documentation of law governing the practice of medicine? 1. The Code of Hammurabi 2. The writings of Hippocrates 3. The Ebers papyrus 4. The Mosaic Code

1

When an impaired nurse provides care, the primary concern should be for which victim? 1. The client 2. The nurse's colleagues 3. The impaired nurse 4. The healthcare facility where the nurse works

1

Which nurse died as a result of experiments on yellow fever? 1. Clara Maass 2. Jeanne Mance 3. Mary Mahoney 4. Edith Cavell

1

Which scenario represents a nurse working at Kohlberg's preconventional stage of moral development? 1. The nurse agrees to work overtime today if he or she can have a weekend shift off. 2. The nurse agrees to work overtime today to gain the approval of the new nursing supervisor. 3. The nurse agrees to work overtime today because the hospital administration has released a rule stating that each nurse must work one overtime shift per month. 4. The nurse agrees to work overtime today because the other nurse who was asked to work the overtime shift needs to attend his or her child's school play.

1

The nurse has a strong personal value system and is concerned that these values may conflict with the values of a newly assigned nursing unit. What should the nurse do? (Select all that apply.) 1. Identify personal values. 2. Be watchful for situations in which there may be a values conflict. 3. Hold personal values in check if it is still possible to provide effective care. 4. Refuse to be transferred to this unit. 5. Discuss the situation with the nursing supervisor

1,2,3,5

A group of nursing students are creating a poster presentation on the history of mandatory licensure laws for nurses. Which state should these students have at the earliest end of their licensure timeline? 1. New Jersey 2. New York 3. California 4. Rhode Island

2

A nurse who has been taking antihistamines for a head cold says these medications always make her "sleepy." Is this nurse impaired? 1. No; impairment means under the influence of alcohol. 2. Yes; any situation that clouds the nurse's professional vigilance can be thought of as impairment. 3. No; impairment from drug ingestion occurs only if the drugs are illegal. 4. The nurse is impaired only if he or she has taken more medication than is recommended by the medication literature.

2

During which war did Dorothea Dix serve as superintendent of the United States Army nurse corps? 1. Revolutionary War 2. Civil War 3. War of 1812 4. Spanish-American War

2

How did the development of the Deaconess Institute at Kaiserwerth, Germany, change nursing? 1. It supported prisoners and prostitutes who wished to provide nursing care. 2. It developed a training school for nurses that included hospital care of the sick and visiting nurse instruction. 3. Nurses graduating from Kaiserwerth were the first to be called "registered" nurses. 4. This institution provided university-based training for nurses.

2

The first-semester nursing student expresses concern that staff actions in the clinical setting do not reflect the same standards being taught in nursing classes. Which stage of Davis's model does this represent? 1. Initial innocence 2. Labeled recognition of incongruity 3. Role simulation 4. Provisional internalization

2

The newly licensed nurse finds many inconsistencies between what was taught in nursing school and what occurs in the practice setting. How is this situation likely to affect this nurse's socialization into nursing practice? 1. It probably won't have much effect. 2. It may hinder socialization. 3. It will make the new graduate a better nurse. 4. It will force the nurse to socialize more quickly.

2

The nurse has a strong personal belief that life begins at conception. Can this nurse legally refuse to assist with an abortion? 1. Yes, but only if there is no health danger to the mother if the abortion is not performed. 2. Yes; most states have conscience clauses or provisions to protect the nurse in this situation. 3. No; if the nurse has willingly taken a job where assisting with an abortion is a possibility, he or she cannot refuse to assist. 4. No; because abortions are considered medical procedures, the nurse is ethically required to assist

2

The nursing faculty asks the nursing student: "What is the proposed reason that Nightingale chose to become a nurse?" Which response, made by the student, reflects the best understanding of Nightingale? 1. "She was from a poor family and needed to find a way to make a living." 2. "She wanted to diminish the suffering of the helpless." 3. "She wanted to provide care to the sick in hospitals." 4. "She wanted to go to the Crimea to nurse wounded soldiers."

2

The nursing student developing a presentation on the early history of nursing is not able to find much information about this period. Why is the nurse unable to find any information? 1. There were not many nurses, so only the sickest people received nursing care. 2. Many of those providing care to the sick were slaves. 3. Only men provided health information and care. 4. Only the wealthiest of patients were provided nursing care.

2

To what does the moral principle of nonmaleficence refer? 1. Truth telling 2. Duty to do no harm 3. Faithfulness 4. Doing good

2

What is the significance of Linda Richards to nursing and society? 1. She was America's first African American professional nurse. 2. She is considered the first trained nurse in the United States. 3. She cared for sick and wounded officers in Crimea. 4. She was the first nurse to go on to become a physician

2

Which African American woman was noted for her roles as both a nurse and an abolitionist during the Civil War of the United States? 1. Louisa May Alcott 2. Harriet Tubman 3. Jeanne Mance 4. Mary Seacole

2

Which option best describes discipline as it applies to nursing? 1. The discipline of nursing refers to autonomy of nursing practice. 2. The discipline of nursing is nursing's distinct body of knowledge. 3. The discipline of nursing is nursing's standards of practice. 4. The discipline of nursing refers to nursing's code of ethics.

2

The nursing instructor is analyzing the students in the clinical area to determine the level of doctrinal conversion process according to Davis. When analyzing these students in which order should the instructor make this analysis? 1. Stable internalization 2. Initial innocence work 3. Increasing role simulation 4. Provisional internalization 5. Psyching out and role simulation 6. Labeled recognition of incongruity

2,6,5,3,4,1

The nurse is assisting a client with values clarification. In which order should the nurse suggest that the client complete the steps in this process? 1. Choose freely 2. List alternatives 3. Act on the choice 4. Affirm the choice 5. Act with a pattern 6. Feed good about the choice 7. Examine consequences of choices

2,7,1,6,4,3,5

A nursing student has achieved academic excellence and has been invited to join nursing's honor society. Which organization has this student been invited to join? 1. National League for Nursing 2. American Nurses Association 3. Sigma Theta Tau International 4. American Association of Colleges of Nursing

3

According to Gilligan, which statement is true? 1. Men usually follow the moral development path of nonviolence. 2. Women usually follow the moral development path of equality. 3. Men usually follow the moral development path of fairness. 4. Women usually follow the moral development path of justice.

3

How does a return to school for a baccalaureate degree affect socialization of practicing nurses? 1. It has little effect. 2. These nurses regress in socialization back to the pre-nursing levels. 3. These nurses experience resocialization in many ways. 4. Resocialization does not occur until the degree is completed.

3

In which case can the physician and nurse initiate care without consent? 1. A 15-year-old female who requests treatment for acne. 2. An 80-year-old client presenting with the flu who seems to be confused. 3. A 35-year-old male who is unconscious and in shock following an auto accident. 4. A 6-year-old child with a possible broken arm brought to the emergency room by a teacher

3

Question 14 Which nurse founded the National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses in 1908? 1. Mary Seacole 2. Cecilia Makiwane 3. Mary Mahoney 4. Loretta Ford

3

The client has made a difficult decision to refuse treatment for a potentially curable malignancy. The nurse asks the client, "How are you going to tell your spouse about this decision?" What is the nurse attempting to assess? 1. Whether the client has considered all of the treatment options available. 2. Whether the client was able to choose freely among treatment options.3. Whether the client is prepared to act on the decision. 4. Whether the client feels good about the decision made.

3

The newly licensed nurse has theoretical knowledge and technical skill abilities but has difficulty working within the constraints of the nursing unit. What issue associated with role development does this situation exemplify? 1. Sending 2. Role formation 3. Reality shock 4. Mastery

3

The newly licensed nurse is experiencing reality shock related to first employment as a nurse. Which socialization model should this nurse investigate for information on coping with this issue? 1. Hinshaw 2. Davis 3. Kramer 4. Simpson

3

The nurse educator is developing materials to educate hospital employees about sexual harassment. Which information should be included in these materials? 1. Victims of sexual harassment are always female. 2. Any sexual conduct, even if it is desired by both parties, is considered sexual harassment. 3. It includes unwanted verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature. 4. Sexual harassment occurs only in the workplace.

3

The nurse has been caring for a ventilator-dependent patient for several days. The family has made the decision to withdraw ventilatory support. How should the nurse interpret this decision? 1. As active euthanasia 2. As illegal euthanasia 3. As passive euthanasia 4. As alleviation euthanasia

3

The nurse suspects that a coworker is impaired at work. What is this nurse's priority action? 1. Closely observe the coworker to gain evidence of impairment. 2. Plan to work with the person as a team to provide care. 3. Report the suspicion to the appropriate supervisor. 4. Confront the coworker with the suspicion.

3

The nurse who is faced with an ethical dilemma refers to the Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretative Statements for guidance. What help can the nurse expect from this document? 1. Specific guidelines for common ethical issues. 2. Some ideas of the ethics of nursing that are negotiable depending upon circumstance. 3. The basis for ethical analyzing and decision making for nurses practicing in the United States. 4. A lengthy description of the need for ethical behavior and decision making in nursing

3

To what does the moral principle of fidelity refer? 1. Truth telling 2. Duty to do no harm 3. Faithfulness 4. Doing good

3

What are Patricia Benner's five levels of proficiency in nursing? 1. Student, graduate, clinical specialist, practitioner, clinician. 2. Pre-professional, technical, professional, advanced, expert. 3. Novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, expert. 4. Student, staff nurse, manager, supervisor, director

3

What is the common denominator for nursing leaders across history? 1. They desired to obtain power in their job positions. 2. They were all women of wealth and influence. 3. They cared deeply about the society in which they lived. 4. They were focused on caring for people in hospitals.

3

What is the focus of client advocacy? 1. The nurse is responsible for the client's health. 2. The nurse should influence the client to make the right decision. 3. The focus is respect for the client's decisions and enhancement of autonomy. 4. Emphasis is on correcting the client's reported weaknesses.

3

What is the framework for nurses to use for decision making in an ethical dilemma? 1. The ANA social policy statement 2. The Bible 3. The ANA Code of Ethics for Nurses 4. The nurse practice act

3

What is the issue most central to the controversy over level of entry into professional nursing? 1. Professional title 2. Reimbursement for services 3. Definition of a profession 4. Cost of tuition

3

What is the major benefit of ethics education courses that include both nursing students and medical students? 1. The nursing students learn how difficult medical school is. 2. The medical students learn how difficult nursing school is. 3. It helps bring about better team communication in practice. 4. Both groups learn that medicine is a business, not just a service.

3

What is true about certification in nursing? 1. It is the same as registration. 2. It is the same as credentialing. 3. It is voluntary. 4. It can be obtained only in maternal-child health.

3

What was the first purely nursing religious order? 1. The Lazarus sisters 2. The Saad al-Aslamy sisters 3. The Augustinian sisters 4. The Fabiolan sisters

3

When was the first nurse practice act implemented in the United States? 1. 1900 2. 1935 3. 1949 4. 1960

3

Which act requires that a copy of the client's advance health care directive be included in the client's medical record? 1. Good Samaritan Act 2. Americans with Disabilities Act 3. Patient Self-Determination Act 4. Nurse practice Act

3

Which coping skill would be helpful as a strategy for stress reduction and time management? 1. Avoid being assigned to committees at work. 2. Delegate only when it is absolutely necessary. 3. Attend a support group to help give up the need for perfection. 4. Learn to use communication skills to win conflicts at work.

3

Which element of a role is described as how the person assuming the role believes he or she should behave in the role? 1. Performed role 2. Ideal role 3. Perceived role 4. Provision role

3

Which option best defines professional self-concept? 1. Being the physician's handmaiden. 2. Achievement of Benner's levels of proficiency. 3. The set of beliefs held true as a result of professional socialization. 4. The belief in one's own personal worth as a result of family culture.

3

Which option best describes the major emphasis of the approach traditionally taken by physicians in their relationship with clients? 1. Caring 2. Communication 3. Clinical, biological 4. Behavioral science

3

Which option supports the way Hippocrates viewed disease? 1. A mystical connection between the body and the stars causes disease. 2. Diseases are the result of being a victim of black magic and spells. 3. Disease is caused by naturally occurring factors. 4. Evil thoughts and deeds cause disease.

3

Which statement about values is correct? 1. Most everyone adopts the same values. 2. Once adopted, values are not changed. 3. Values clarification is associated with personal growth. 4. People must have values identified for them.

3

Which statement describes the significance of the Mosaic Code in the history of health care? 1. The code outlined policy and procedure for early surgical interventions. 2. Early nurses ascribed to the code as a part of their registration process. 3. Public health was improved by this first sanitary legislation. 4. This code provided strict educational requirements for physicians.

3

The nurse is preparing an education seminar that focuses on moral development. In which order should the nurse explain Kohlberg's stages? 1. Instrumentalism/self-interest 2. Good boy/good girl 3. Obedience and punishment 4. Social contract 5. Law and order 6. Universal moral principle

3,1,2,5,4,6

A client was admitted to the medical unit after emergency treatment of hypertensive crisis. To which staff member should the charge nurse delegate or assign measurement of this client's vital signs? 1. A patient care technician 2. A nursing assistant 3. An LPN 4. An RN

4

A newly licensed nurse was previously employed as a unit secretary on the same unit where he now works as a staff nurse. This role transition is causing the nurse to experience stress. What information about role stress and transition would be most helpful for this nurse to consider? 1. Role stress is limited to newly licensed nurses and won't continue after the first year of employment. 2. Taking on multiple roles on the unit will be helpful, as it will broaden the nurse's understanding of other people's jobs. 3. Nursing standards of care are different in the "real world" situation than they are in a theoretical situation explained in nursing school. 4. Role stress can be decreased by receiving clear and consistent information about expectations of the new role.

4

The nurse educator asks the nursing student about the difference in standards between codes of ethics and legal standards. Which response by the student indicates the greatest level of understanding? 1. "Standards in codes of ethics and legal standards are generally the same." 2. "Codes of ethics are much higher standards than legal standards." 3. "Legal standards are much higher than codes of ethics standards." 4. "Codes of ethics are usually higher, and can be no lower, than legal standards."

4

The nurse has been charged with malpractice. Which option reflects an element that must be present for this charge to be substantiated? 1. The nurse had no way of predicting that injury would result from the error. 2. The client had a duty to report what he or she was experiencing. 3. The nurse was providing care consistent with a national standard. 4. There was a causal relationship between the error and client injury.

4

To what does the moral principle of beneficence refer? 1. Truth telling 2. Duty to do no harm 3. Faithfulness 4. Doing good

4

What are the processes for acquiring values? 1. Prescribed by the dominant religion. 2. Formal education and study. 3. Discussions with clergy. 4. Choosing, prizing, and act

4

What is true of standards of nursing practice? 1. They are written by the American Medical Association. 2. They outline the minimal care expected by patients. 3. They affect only the nurse-patient relationship. 4. They define the nurse's professional legal obligations.

4

What was the impact on mortality as a result of the nursing care that Nightingale and her nurses provided to wounded soldiers in Crimea? 1. There was a slight increase in mortality. 2. Mortality increased dramatically. 3. There was no change. 4. There was a dramatic decrease in mortality

4

Which attribute is necessary for the nurse who wishes to be a client advocate? 1. Restricting work to those areas in which the nurse has expertise and experience. 2. Referring any political action needs to a political action committee. 3. Avoiding conflicts with physicians and healthcare agency administrators. 4. Being assertive in representing the needs of the client and family.

4

Which option is a major element of informed consent? 1. The physician, the nurse, and the client must agree on the treatment or procedure. 2. The consent must be given by family members as well as the client. 3. The client only needs to know the purpose of the treatment or procedure. 4. The consent must be given voluntarily.

4

Why are nurses valuable members of ethics committees? 1. They have more time to work on committees than many healthcare providers. 2. Their wages are lower than many disciplines so it is more cost effective. 3. They are direct and to the point and make decisions quickly. 4. They frequently have more contact with clients and families than other disciplines.

4

A new graduate is starting employment on a medical-surgical care area. If Kramer's model is followed, in which order should this nurse resocialize to this new nursing role? 1. Moral outrage 2. Social integration 3. Conflict resolution 4. Skill and routine mastery

4,2,1,3

The nurse is participating on a committee to address an ethical dilemma. The bioethical decision-making process will be used. In which order should the steps of this process be implemented? 1. Implement the action. 2. Evaluate the action taken. 3. Identify ethical theories and principles. 4. Gather relevant facts related to the issue. 5. Develop alternative actions and project outcomes.

4,3,5,1,2

The nursing instructor is preparing material for students about the development of nursing organizations. In which chronological order should the instructor present this material? 1. ICN 2. STT 3. CNATN 4. NLN 5. ANA 6. NSNA

4,5,1,3,2,6

The nurse is reviewing nursing in ancient civilizations. Which order did the following occur? 1. Kosher slaughter of animals 2. Practice of mummification begins 3. Quarantine used to control disease 4. Roman female created a monastery for the ill 5. Causes of disease were superstition and magic

5,2,1,3,4