6-2 Worksheet-Internal components of the X-ray Tube Anode

What is a prominent engineering difficulty in the manufacture of high-speed rotating anodes? a.) Balance of the rotor. b.) Control of space charge effects. c.) Marriage to the focusing cup. d.) Proper target angle. e.) Target-face polish.

a.) Balance of the rotor.

As the anode target angle increases: a.) Effective focal-spot size increases. b.) Heel effect becomes more pronounced. c.) kVp increases. d.) Radiation intensity on the central ray increases. e.) Target rotating speed increases.

a.) Effective focal-spot size increases.

Tungsten is the choice material for x-ray anodes because of its: a.) High atomic number. b.) High rpm. c.) High x-ray intensity. d.) Low atomic number. e.) Low rpm.

a.) High atomic number.

Necessary properties of X-ray target material include which of the following? a.) High melting point. b.) High rotation speed. c.) Low atomic number. d.) Low coefficient of friction. e.) High electrical resistance.

a.) High melting point.

Which of the following is an advantage of the rotating anode tube over the stationary anode tube? a.) Higher heat capacity. b.) Higher kVp capacity. c.) Longer exposure time. d.) Reduced heel effect. e.) The line-focus principle.

a.) Higher heat capacity.

A stationary-anode x-ray tube: a.) Incorporates the line-focus principle. b.) Is used to produce very short exposures. c.) Limits leakage radiation. d.) Provides for greater heat dissipation. e.) Usually has a very small focal spot.

a.) Incorporates the line-focus principle.

Which of the following target angles is characteristic of a rotating anode x-ray tube? a.) 1 degree b.) 10 degrees c.) 20 degrees d.) 50 degrees e.) 100 degrees

b.) 10 degrees

A stationary anode will most likely be used in which of the following? a.) Chest radiography b.) Dentistry c.) General Radiography d.) Interventional radiology e.) Mammography

b.) Dentistry

The anode angle of an x-ray tube is increased to give which of the following? a.) Smaller focal spot. b.) Higher heat capacity. c.) Proper focusing of the electron beam. d.) Proper reflection. e.) Uniform x-ray intensity.

b.) Higher heat capacity.

The effective focal spot is: a.) Larger than the actual focal spot. b.) Largest on the anode side of the central axis. c.) Smaller than the actual focal spot. d.) Smallest on the cathode side of the central axis. e.) The same size as the actual focal spot.

c.) Smaller than the actual focal spot.

Which of the following is a component of an electromagnetic induction motor? a.) Cathode b.) Filament c.) Stator d.) Target angle e.) Target disk

c.) Stator

Rotating anode x-ray tubes: a.) Have a copper target embedded in a tungsten anode. b.) Have a tungsten target embedded in a copper anode. c.) Have target angles that are less than 10 degrees. d.) Incorporate the line-focus principle. e.) Produce higher energy x-rays.

d.) Incorporate the line-focus principle.

The main reason for using the line-focus principle is to: a.) Increase heat capacity. b.) Increase x-ray intensity. c.) Reduce exposure time. d.) Reduce focal-spot size. e.) Reduce heel effect.

d.) Reduce focal spot size.

The heel effect: a.) Is more pronounced when large target angles are used. b.) Is reduced with a focusing cup. c.) Occurs only with rotating anode x-ray tubes. d.) Requires that the cathode be positioned to the thicker anatomy. e.) Suggests that the cathode be up during posteroanterior (PA) chest radiography.

d.) Requires that the cathode be positioned to the thicker anatomy.

Small target angles result in which of the following? a.) Better collimation. b.) Increased heat capacity. c.) Less heel effect. d.) Small focal-spot size. e.) Small space charge.

d.) Small focal-spot size.

X-ray intensity is higher on the cathode side than on the anode side because of which of the following? a.) The focusing cup. b.) The line-focus principle. c.) The space charge effect. d.) X-ray absorption in the anode. e.) X-ray deflection from the anode.

d.) X-ray absorption in the anode.

Molybdenum is used for anode stem material because of which of the following? a.) It has a high atomic number. b.) It has a shiny surface and reflects electrons well. c.) It has longer life. d.) It is a good heat conductor. e.) It is a poor thermal conductor.

e.) It is a poor thermal conductor.

Which of the following components of a diagnostic x-ray tube is on the positive side of the tube? a.) The cathode b.) The filament c.) The focusing cup d.) The grid e.) The stator

e.) The stator

The heel effect occurs because of: a.) A focusing cup. b.) Reduced tube current. c.) The shape charge effect. d.) The shape of the filament. e.) X-ray absorption in the anode.

e.) X-ray absorption in the anode.