9. Leadership and Power

Dependence would be low when ________. A. the goods have substitutes B. the goods have low accessibility C. the goods in question are scarce D. the products are important

A. the goods have substitutes

Which of the following statements is true regarding legitimate power? A. Legitimate power develops out of admiration of another and a desire to be like that person B. Celebrities who endorse products in commercials wield legitimate power over people C. Legitimate power comes from an individual's unique characteristics D. Legitimate power is broader than the power to coerce and reward

B. Celebrities who endorse products in commercials wield legitimate power over people

_______ power is based on the fear of the negative results from failing to comply. A. Legitimate B. Coercive C. Punitive D. Referent

B. Coercive

Which of the following power tactics is more effective when the audience is highly interested in the outcomes of a decision process? A. Ingratiation B. Consultation C. Personal appeals D. Exchange

B. Consultation

According to the situational leadership theory, if employees are unwilling and unable, the appropriate leadership style in this situation would be ...: A. Participative B. Democratic C. Person-oriented D. Directive

B. Democratic

Which of the following Big Five personality traits has been identified as the most important trait in effective leaders? A. Conscientiousness B. Extraversion C. Agreeableness D. Emotional stability

B. Extraversion

The least preferred co-worker (LPC) questionnaire is used to measure whether...: A. The followers are able and willing B. Leader is task- or relationship-oriented C. The members are in the ingroup or out-group D. Employees prefer servant leadership over situational leadership

B. Leader is task- or relationship-oriented

Which of the following situational dimensions identified by Fiedler relates to the degree to which job assignments are regimented, that is, structured or unstructured? A. Task significance B. Task structure C. Task complexity D. Task orientation

B. Task structure

Levin and Co. is a group of oil refineries that has been in the news recently. The company had to stop production for over two weeks because their key supplier refused to sell them crude oil at the old prices. Even after rounds of negotiations, the supplier refused to give in to the demands of Levin and Co., and finally, the company had to acquire the raw material from the same supplier because alternative suppliers, though abundant, could not provide the quantities the company demanded at such short notice. This shows the role of ________ in increasing the power one enjoys. A. alternatives B. dependence C. abundance D. substitutability

B. dependence

State Studies, this indicates that Nellie, as a leader, is ________. A. task oriented B. high in consideration C. low in trust propensity D. low in relationship orientation E. production oriented

B. high in consideration

The leader-participation model focuses on .... A. The personality traits of leaders B.The presence of charisma in the leader C. The way decisions are made by the leader D. The mere projection of successful leadership by the leader

B.The presence of charisma in the leader

For a person to be recognized as having a high degree of political skill, he or she must have the ________. A. Ability to recognize that power in an organization does not translate into success B. Ability to submit to the demands made by others at all times C. Ability to influence others to enhance their own objectives D. Ability to respect and consider the needs of others first

C. Ability to influence others to enhance their own objectives

Which of the following Big Five personality traits has been identified as the most important trait in effective leaders? A. Conscientiousness B. Openness C. Extraversion D. Agreeableness E. Emotional stability

C. Extraversion

Which of the following statements is true regarding power? A. A is said to have power over B if B controls something that A desires B. The greater A's dependence on B, the greater A's power in the relationship C. If A has the capacity to influence the behavior of B, then A is said to have power over B D. A can have power over B only if A is B's leader E. A can have power over B only when A and B have similar goals

C. If A has the capacity to influence the behavior of B, then A is said to have power over B

In the context of behavioral dimensions of leadership identified in the Ohio State Studies, initiating structure refers to the extent to which...: A.Leader engages in participative management B. Leader is accepting of and respects individual differences among various team members C. Leader is likely to define and organize his or her role and those of employees in the search for goal attainment D. Leader initiates efforts to communicate personally with employees

C. Leader is likely to define and organize his or her role and those of employees in the search for goal attainment

Which of the following power tactics uses warnings and threats and is typically the least effective of all the power tactics? A. Coalitions B. Exchange C. Pressure D. Rational persuasion

C. Pressure

______ power represents the compliance that is achieved based on the ability to distribute positive benefits that others view as valuable. A. Legitimate B. Coercive C. Reward D. Reflective

C. Reward

Which of the following statements is true with regard to the path-goal theory of leadership? A. The theory considers leadership to be a set of attributes ascribed to leaders by followers B. The theory proposes only a passive and supportive role for leaders C. The theory considers removing obstacles to be a component of effective leadership D. The theory proposes that leaders must work closely with followers throughout E. The path-goal theory represents a laissez-faire approach to leadership

C. The theory considers removing obstacles to be a component of effective leadership

In the last one week, May and Phyllis have been putting in extra hours at work so that the project assigned to them is completed on time. Though the manager was due to assign two more people to this project, he had not done so and, instead, was emphasizing to employees the importance of adhering to the needs of the department in regard to workload. As a result, May and Phyllis, who had double their routine workload, complained to the division manager. May was promptly suspended from work for complaining about her immediate supervisor. This scenario describes ________ power. A. reward B. legitimate C. coercive D. expert E. referent

C. coercive

Power is a function of... A. goal congruency B. realization C. dependence D. altruism

C. dependence

In the context of Fiedler's model, the situational dimension termed ________ relates to the degree of influence a leader has over important variables such as hiring, firing, discipline, promotions, and salary increases. A. task structure B. leader-member exchange C. position power D. initiating structure E. leader-member relations

C. position power

Which of the following is a desirable feature of leadership? A. One-directional influence from the leader to the follower B. Coercive power and authority C. Passivity of followers D. Coexistence of leaders and managers

D. Coexistence of leaders and managers

Which of the following is a differentiating factor between power and leadership? A. Control B. Influence C. Ability D. Goal compatibility

D. Goal compatibility

Which of the following is something that often differentiates power from leadership? A. Lack of dependence of followers B. Use of positive styles over negative tactics C. Downward influence of leader on followers D. Lack of goal compatibility between leaders and followers E. Lack of control on behavior of followers

D. Lack of goal compatibility between leaders and followers

The main contingency theories of leadership except: A. Fiedler B. Hersey-Blanchard C. Path-goal theory D. McClelland's theory

D. McClelland's theory

Which of the following theories of leadership is based on situational variables? A. Attribution theory B. Trait theories C. Charismatic leadership theory D. Path-goal theory E. Behavioral theories

D. Path-goal theory

Which of the following theoretical approaches in the study of leadership focuses on followers' readiness as a determinant of effective leadership? A. Big Five personality model B. Behavioral theories C. Laissez-faire leadership D. Situational leadership theory

D. Situational leadership theory

Leadership is best defined as: A. The ability to merely project one's abilities in the lack of actual accomplishments B. The ability to reduce the dependence of team members on each other C. The ability to induce the team members to focus on individual goals rather than collective goals D. The ability to influence a group toward the achievement of a vision or set of goals

D. The ability to influence a group toward the achievement of a vision or set of goals

As a regional sales officer, one of Brandon's job responsibilities is to process the yearly appraisal forms of his subordinates and provide them with increments, bonuses, or benefits based on their performance that year. This job responsibility directly reflects his ________. A. active power B. expert power C. referent power D. reward power

D. reward power

Trevor Guerney is a manager who believes that those who are to be affected by a change must be involved in the change. Consequently, he always ensures that his subordinates have the knowledge of what is happening around them, and he often holds meetings to obtain employee opinion and suggestions before making any decision that would apply to them. Similarly, Trevor's team proactively approaches him with problems and potential solutions as they know he will not respond by criticizing them. From the information provided in the scenario, we can say that ________. A. Trevor's leadership is primarily task-oriented B. Trevor's team has a low degree of trust propensity C. Trevor's team requires more directive leadership D., Trevor's team has positive leader-member relations D. Trevor's team is unsatisfied with his power position

D., Trevor's team has positive leader-member relations

Which of the following is a desirable feature of leadership? A. One-directional influence from the leader to the follower B. Coercive power and authority C. Lack of freedom D. Passivity of followers E. Coexistence of leaders and managers

E. Coexistence of leaders and managers

Trait theories most accurately predict ________. A. distinguishing features of an effective leader B. differences between an effective and an ineffective leader C. success of a leader D. roles to be played by the leader E. emergence of a leader

E. emergence of a leader

People from collectivistic countries tend to see power in personalized terms and as a legitimate means of advancing their personal ends, while those in individualistic countries see power in social terms and as a legitimate means of helping others. TRUE FALSE

FALSE

Dale Fisher is the manager of one branch of a retail chain. He often speaks with his customer service attendants about the value they bring to the company and encourages them to continue doing so. He knows that this approach of enhancing the worth of these executives and shaping their aspirations to do well is a more effective approach than using warnings and ultimatums. Dale is using the power tactic of an inspirational appeal here. TRUE FALSE

TRUE

For a power situation to exist, one person or group needs to have control over resources the other person or group values. TRUE FALSE

TRUE

If you want a college degree and have to pass a certain course to get it, and your current instructor is the only faculty member in the college who teaches the course, she has power over you. TRUE FALSE

TRUE

The situational leadership theory focuses on follower readiness to determine the appropriate leadership behavior. True False

TRUE

Trait theories of leadership most accurately predict the emergence and appearance of leadership. TRUE FALSE

TRUE

Unlike power, leadership requires some degree of goal compatibility. TRUE FALSE

TRUE

According to the path-goal theory, directive leadership is likely to be welcomed and accepted by employees with high ability or considerable experience. True False

true