A
What is the key difference between anaphase I in meiosis and anaphase in mitosis?
A key difference between mitosis and meiosis is that sister chromatids remain joined during anaphase I in meiosis, whereas in anaphase of mitosis they separate.
Meiosis is a type of cell division that produces ___
gametes
During which stage of the meiotic cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
interphase
What are the 5 phases of mitosis?
interphase, prophase, mataphase, anaphase, telophase
What phase of the cycle is the longest?
interphase... where the cell duplicates
What is asexual reproduction?
when a new organism is produced from one organism
List the events that occur in prophase I.
• The duplicated homologous chromosomes pair. • Crossing-over between the homologous chromosomes occurs. • The nucleolus disappears. • The meiotic spindle forms. • At the end of prophase I, the nuclear envelope disappears and the spindle enters the nucleus.
What are the mechanisms by which genetic variation is produced by meiosis?
(1) Through the way the paternal and maternal chromosomes segregate; and (2) by the process of crossing-over.
-cells in the body are healed by cell division
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-cells reproduce by dividing in half and multiplying
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-crossing over occurs during prophase 1
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-crossing over occurs in meiosis
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-in mitosis, one cell becomes two
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-meiosis and mitosis are both involved in cell division
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-meiosis has more steps than mitosis
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-meiosis helps reproduction of cells by producing sex cells with half the amount of chromosome required
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-meiosis results in 4 haploid daughter cells
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-metaphase of meiosis I and meiosis II differ in that homologues line up in meiosis I and duplicated chromosomes line up in meiosis II
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-mitosis is a continuous cycle
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-mitosis is a process that makes exact copies of the original cell
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-sperm cells undergo meiosis
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-the cell cycle is different lengths of time for different types of cells
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-the number of cells in most human cells is 46
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A cell with a diploid number of 24 undergoes meiosis, how many chromosomes are in each daughter cell?
12
Meiosis results in ___
4 haploid daughter cells
If a diploid cell entering meiosis has 6 chromosome pairs, what is the number of possible chromosome combinations in the haploid nuclei?
The general formula for the number of possible chromosome combinations is 2n, where n is the number of chromosome pairs. For 6 chromosome pairs, the number of possible chromosome combinations is 26 = 64.
Homologous chromosomes move towards opposite poles of a cell during?
anaphase 1
The two chromosomes in each bivalent separate and migrate toward opposite poles.
anaphase 1
During which phase of meiosis does chromatids separate completely?
anaphase 2
In what stage of meiosis do the centromeres separate, and the two chromatids of each chromosome move to opposite poles on the spindle?
anaphase 2
What is the stage of meiosis during which the pairs of chromosomes (the bivalents) become arranged on a plane equidistant from the poles?
meatphase 1
Final cells have only half of parents DNA
meiosis
Requires a male and female to reproduce
meiosis
Does not require a male or female to reproduce
mitosis
Final cell is identical to parent cell
mitosis
Most plants and animals reproduce this way
mitosis
Muscle cells reproduce this way
mitosis
What phase does crossing over occur in?
prophase 1
The maternal and paternal chromosomes of each homologous pair separate and reach the poles of the cell, nuclear envelopes form around them, and cytokinesis follows to produce two cells.
telophase 1
A nuclear envelope forms around each set of chromosomes and cytokinesis occurs, producing four daughter cells, each with a haploid set of chromosomes.
telophase 2
During which phase of meiosis does the nuclear envelope reform around the chromosomes?
telophase 2
What are the 4 homologous chromatids which come together in meiosis I is referred to as?
tetrad
