A & P SG #3- Joints/Articulations
Name the 6 types of synovial joints
Gliding, Hinge, Pivot, Ellipsoidal, Saddle, & Ball & Socket
What are reinforcing ligaments
Reinforce the joint
Define Synovial joint
2 bones are held together by an articular capsule which creates joint cavity containing synovial fluid
What are the 3 structural classifications of joints
Fibrous, Cartilaginous, Synovial
What is the functional classification of Suture
Synarthrotic
What is the functional classification of Synchondrosis
Synarthrotic
What is the functional classification of Synostosis
Synarthrotic
What is Functional Classification
Based on how much movement occurs at that joint
What is Structural Classification
Based on what structure(material) holds 2 bones together
Where can you find synovial fluid
Between the articulating bones, occupies all free space
Define Fibrous joint & give an example
Bones are joined by fibrous tissue, Frontal, & Parietal suture
Define Cartilaginous & give an example
Bones are united by cartilage, True ribs to Sternum
What are bursae & what is their function
Bursae are small fluid filled pockets (sac-like), reduce the mechanical friction between one structure ( bone & another) & to absorb shock
What is the structural classification of Symphysis
Cartilagenous
What is the structural classification of Synchondrosis
Cartilagenous
What is the functional classification of Synovial joints
Diarthrotic
Define dislocation or luxation
Dislocation of a joint
What is the description of Gomphosis
Peg-in-Socket joints ( gums, teeth)
Which specific synovial joint ONLY allows for rotational movement
Pivot Joints
What is the function of synovial fluid
Reduces friction at the joint, enabling the articulating bones to move freely, distributes nutrients
Which specific synovial joint is formed by a concave bone fitting into a convex bone end
Saddle joint
Which specific synovial joint is the most freely movable of the synovial joints
Ball & Socket
Define joint
A place where two or more bone meet, come together
What is the functional classification of Symphysis
Amphiarthrotic
What is the functional classification of Syndesmosis
Amphiarthrotic/Amphiathrosis
What is the description of Synovial joints
Articular capsule (joint capsule joins 2 bones)
Which specific synovial joints allow for circumduction
Ellipsoidal, Saddle, & Ball & Socket joints
Which Two synovial joints allow for movement in the vertical and horizontal plane as well as circumduction
Ellipsoiidal & Saddle
What is the structural classification of Gomphosis
Fibrous
What is the structural classification of Suture
Fibrous
What is the structural classification of Syndesmosis
Fibrous
What is the description of Symphysis
Fibrous cartilage joins 2 bones
What is the description of Synostosis
Formed when 2 or more bones completely fuse together
Which specific synovial joint allows for only slight movement
Gliding joint
Which specific synovial joint is the elbow or knee joint
Gliding joint
What is the function of the articular cartilage
Hyaline cartilage covers opposing bone surface, reduces friction & absorbs compression so the bone wont be crushed
What is the description of Synchondrosis
Hyaline cartilage joins 2 bones (between rib cage)
Define Bursitis
Inflammation of the bursae caused by friction due to repetitive motion
What is the description of Suture
Joint between skull bones
What is the description of Syndesmosis
Ligament connects 2 bones, fibrous
What is the structural classification of Synostosis
NONE
Define Sprain
Occurs when the ligaments in a joint is stretched so much that it tears (some collagen fibers are torn)
Define Subluxation
Partial dislocation
What are joint/articular capsule
Surrounds the joint cavity, has 2 layers; outer fibrous & inner synovial membrane
What is the functional classification of Gomphosis
Synarthrotic
What are the 3 functional classifications of joints
Synarthrotic, Amphiarthrotic, Diarthrotic
What is the structural classification of Synovial joints
Synovial
What is the basic structure of a synovial joint
The basic structure of a synovial joint consists of a synovial cavity between the articulating bones,articular cartilage, a fibrous articular capsule, & ligaments.
What is periosteum
outer surface of diaphysis. it is dense, white and fibrous.
