A&P 1 Chapters 4, 5, and 6

An intercalated disc is an example location of _______?

Gap junctions

The stratum cornermen beneath the free ridge of the nail is the _______?

Hyponychium

The type of lamellar found between osteons is _______?

Interstitial lamellae

Which type of bone cell has a ruffled border and secretes acids?

Osteoclast

When blood calcium levels are low?

Osteoclast activity increases

Which of the following epithelial types is mismatched with its function?

Squamous epithelium - stretching

Which type of tissue is contractile?

Muscle tissue

Indicate the functions that apply to epithelial tissues.

Acting as a barrier Secretion of substances

Which type of cell contains large amounts of lipids?

Adipocyte

If you accidentally cut your arm and see adipose tissue, which layer(s) was/were cut?

All Choices

Body odor results from secretions from the ______ sweat glands.

Apocrine

Increase in epiphysis size is the result of bone growth at the _____?

Articulations cartilage

What is the examination of a dead body to determine the cause of death or to study the changes caused by a disease?

Autopsy

A coiled fibrous protein in connective tissue that is stretchy is called _____?

Elastin

A victim of an automobile accident goes into shock, which results in decreased blood flow. The victim's skin will ______?

Become pale

A tissue that has a fluid matrix is ____?

Blood

Collagen and calcium hydroxyapatite are the primary constituents of ______?

Bone matrix

Ligaments attach

Bone to bone

Canaliculi are found in this type of bone tissue?

Both "Spongy bone" and "Compact bone"

The four primary tissue types are _____?

Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous

The primary mineral in bone is ____?

Calcium

Which type of muscle is found in the wall of the heart?

Cardiac muscle

A yellow pigment derived from plants that can impart a yellow color to the skin is _____?

Carotene

Lamellar are characteristic of _____?

Compact bond tissue

Which of the following represent functions of connective tissue?

Cushioning Enclosing organs Insulating

The bluish tinge of skin due to a reduction of oxygen in the blood is called ______?

Cyanosis

Friction ridges of the hands and feet are produced by projections into the epidermis called _____?

Dermal papillae

What is a disc-shaped structure with especially adhesive glycoproteins around each cell that binds cells to one another?

Desmosomes

The flat bones of the skull develop from

Fibrous connective tissue

Ossification that involves replacing cartilage with bone is _____?

Endochondral

Which of the following statements about bone growth is tru?

Endochondral growth in long bones occurs at the epiphyseal plate

The superficial layer of epithelium of the skin is called _____?

Epidermis

Which type of tissue forms linings or coverings?

Epithelial tissue

Which of the following will help cool the body?

Evaporation of sweat from the skin's surface

The collar the forms around the opposing ends of bone fragments is called _____?

External callus

A cell that forms fibrous connective tissue would be called a _____?

Fibroblast

The spaces between developing skull bones that have not ossified are called _____?

Fontanels

Woven bone

Has its collagen fibers randomly oriented

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) causes

Increased RANKL and decreased OPG

Hyaluronic acid gives a very slippery quality to fluids that contain it. Hyaluronic acid _____

Is a good lubricant for joint cavities

Calcitonin

Is associated with decreased osteoclast activity

Intact skin provides protection because

It forms a physical barrier against the entry of mirocrobes

As skin cells move toward the surface of the body, they produce a protein that reduces water loss. This process is called _____?

Keratinization

Thin sheets of bone matrix are _____?

Lamellae

Some marrow of long bones is termed "red" marrow. The function of red marrow is to _____?

Manufacture blood cells

The extra cellular material of tissues is called _____?

Matrix

The central axis of the hair is the ______?

Medulla

A thin layer of tissue that covers an organ or lines a cavity is a _______?

Membrane

Which of the following statements concerning sebaceous glands are true?

Most sebaceous glands are connected by a duct to the upper portion of the hair follicle Secretions from sebaceous glands provide protection against bacteria Secretions from sebaceous glands oil hair and skin Sebaceous secretions are lipid soluble

Which type of membrane lines cavities that open to the outside and often contain mucous glands?

Mucous

The distal portion of the nail is the ____?

Nail body

Nail cells are produced by the _______?

Nail matrix

Which type of tissue contains cells called neurons?

Nervous tissue

Appositional growth deposits a new layer of bone tissue

On the surface of the bone

When a fracture begins to heal, one type of bone cell moves into the fracture site and tears down the damage bone tissue. Which of the following does this?

Osteoclasts

Which type of bone cell lies in a lacuna?

Osteocyte

Which of the following are the maintenance cells in bone tissue?

Osteocytes

An abrasion of the skin results in which of the following?

Portal of entry for microorganisms

The sequence of events that produces growth at the epiphyseal plate is

Proliferation, hypertrophy, calcification, cell death, ossification, and remodeling

Identify the functions of the integumentary system?

Resistance to infection Sensation of environmental stimuli Thermoregulation

Which type of bone tissue appears porous?

Spongy bone

Which type of muscle is attached to bone?

Skeletal muscle

Movement of food through the digestive tract results from the action of _________ muscle.

Smooth

The type of muscle found in the walls of blood vessels is ________ muscle.

Smooth

Which type of epithelial tissue is found in the mouth

Stratified squamous epithelium

The layer of epidermis that undergoes mitosis and forms new epidermal cells is the ______?

Stratum basale

Which of the following represents the correct order of the layers of the epidermis from deepest to the most superficial?

Stratum basalt, stratum spinous, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum

The epidermal layer found only in thick skin is ______?

Stratum lucidum

Rupturing the dermis may cause _________ to develop.

Stretch marks

The various types of epithelium are classified by

The shape of cells and the number of cell layers

Which of the following statements concerning the subcutaneous layer is tru?

The subcutaneous layer attaches skin to underlying bone and muscle The main cell type of the subcutaneous layer are fibroblasts, adipocytes, and macrophages The subcutaneous layer can also be referred to as the hypodermics The subcutaneous layer is a site of Lipid storage

Indicate the statements that correctly describe partial thickness burns.

They are subdivided into first and second degree burns They may only involve the epidermis

Indicate the statements that apply to the arrest or pili

They consist of smooth muscle They are associated with hair follicles They extend from the dermal root sheath to the papillary layer of the dermis

Interconnecting rods of bone are _______?

Trabeculae

Which vitamin begins its synthesis in the skin when the skin is exposed to ultraviolet light?

Vitamin d