A&P Chapter 12: Appendicular Muscles

27. If you had all of your fingers (including the thumb) spread out wide (full abduction), which muscle or group would bring your thumb toward your first finger? A. Adductor pollicis B. Palmar interossei C. Dorsal interossei D. Lumbricals E. Abductor pollicis longus

A. Adductor pollicis

51. All of the muscles listed, except one, are innervated by the tibial nerve. Select the exception. A. Fibularis longus B. Soleus C. Plantaris D. Flexor digitorum longus E. Popliteus

A. Fibularis longus

72. There are three gluteal muscles. Select the one that is correctly matched with its primary action. A. Gluteus medius: abducts the thigh B. Gluteus maximus: abducts the thigh C. Gluteus minimus: rotates the thigh

A. Gluteus medius: abducts the thigh

2. There are three anterior thoracic muscles. Select the exception. A. Levator scapulae B. Pectoralis minor C. Serratus anterior D. Subclavius

A. Levator scapulae

10. All of these muscles, except one, have their proximal attachment on the scapula. Select the exception. A. Pectoralis major B. Coracobrachialis C. Triceps brachii D. Subscapularis E. Infraspinatus

A. Pectoralis major

54. Which muscle "unlocks" the fully extended knee joint? A. Popliteus B. Tibialis posterior C. Tibialis anterior D. Gastrocnemius E. Soleus

A. Popliteus

16. All of these muscles, except one, is innervated by the radial nerve. Select the exception (it is innervated, instead, by the median nerve). A. Pronator teres B. Triceps brachii C. Anconeus D. Supinator

A. Pronator teres

12. The principal elbow flexors located on the anterior side of the humerus are the a: Biceps brachii b: Brachialis c: Brachioradialis d: Deltoid e: Trapezius A. a, b, c B. b, c, d C. c, d, e D. a, c, e E. b, d, e

A. a, b, c

64. A muscle not innervated by a plantar nerve is the A. extensor digitorum brevis. B. flexor digitorum brevis. C. lumbricals. D. flexor hallucis brevis. E. plantar interossei.

A. extensor digitorum brevis.

41. Of these muscles, the one not involved in extending the leg is the A. gracilis. B. rectus femoris. C. vastus lateralis. D. vastus medialis. E. vastus intermedius.

A. gracilis.

58. The __________ muscles of the foot have both proximal and distal attachments within the foot. A. intrinsic B. extrinsic C. intrinsic and extrinsic

A. intrinsic

20. The function of a retinaculum is to A. prevent tendons from bulging outward. B. hold several muscles together. C. protect underlying soft tissue. D. serve as an insertion for a group of muscles. E. flatten the bellies of converging muscles.

A. prevent tendons from bulging outward.

37. The longest muscle of the body is the A. sartorius. B. gracilis. C. quadriceps femoris. D. biceps brachii. E. brachioradialis.

A. sartorius.

45. The primary dorsiflexor of the foot at the ankle is the A. tibialis anterior. B. extensor hallucis longus. C. fibularis brevis. D. extensor digitorum longus. E. gracilis.

A. tibialis anterior.

29. Which muscle pulls the pinky finger away from the other fingers? A. Opponens pollicis B. Abductor digiti minimi C. Opponens digiti minimi D. Dorsal interossei E. Lumbricals

B. Abductor digiti minimi

39. The quadriceps femoris has four heads. Select the exception. A. Rectus femoris B. Biceps femoris C. Vastus lateralis D. Vastus intermedius E. Vastus medialis

B. Biceps femoris

55. Which muscle inserts on a tendon that extends toes 2-5? A. Gastrocnemius B. Extensor digitorum longus C. Extensor hallucis longus D. Fibularis longus E. Tibialis anterior

B. Extensor digitorum longus

50. All of the muscles listed, except one, are innervated by the deep fibular nerve. Select the exception. A. Extensor digitorum longus B. Gastrocnemius C. Extensor hallucis longus D. Tibialis anterior E. Fibularis tertius

B. Gastrocnemius

49. These two muscles are known as the triceps surae and together are the most powerful plantar flexors of all of the leg muscles. A. Tibialis posterior and popliteus B. Gastrocnemius and soleus C. Flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus D. Tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus E. Extensor hallucis longus and fibularis longus

B. Gastrocnemius and soleus

53. What two muscles attach distally to the calcaneal tendon? A. Tibialis posterior and popliteus B. Gastrocnemius and soleus C. Flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus D. Tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus E. Extensor hallucis longus and fibularis longus

B. Gastrocnemius and soleus

14. What muscle is known as the "swimmer's muscle"? A. Deltoid B. Latissimus dorsi C. Trapezius D. Coracobrachialis E. Triceps brachii

B. Latissimus dorsi

28. If you had all of your fingers (including the thumb) spread out wide (full abduction), which muscle or group would bring fingers 2-5 together? A. Adductor pollicis B. Palmar interossei C. Dorsal interossei D. Lumbricals E. Abductor pollicis longus

B. Palmar interossei

61. Your grandmother complains of pain on the underside of her foot near the heel. Consequently she has been forced to stop her daily 6 mile run. What condition is most likely causing her pain? A. Shin splint syndrome B. Plantar fasciitis C. Osteoporosis D. A hamstring pull E. Compartment syndrome

B. Plantar fasciitis

56. Which muscle does not attach distally to any toe, including the big toe? A. Flexor digitorum longus B. Popliteus C. Flexor hallucis longus D. Extensor digitorum longus E. Extensor hallucis longus

B. Popliteus

13. On spring break you travel to Malibu, California. While there, you visit the famous Malibu beach to observe the parade of body builders. They each show off their massive muscles with the standard "pump you up" arm flexion. Which muscle would be least involved with this action? A. Brachialis B. Supraspinatus C. Biceps brachii D. Brachioradialis E. Pronator teres

B. Supraspinatus

24. Which group of muscles forms a thick, fleshy mass at the base of the thumb? A. Hypothenar group B. Thenar group C. Midpalmar group D. Dorsal interossei group E. Abductor digit group

B. Thenar group

11. All of the muscles that move the glenohumeral joint have a distal attachment on the humerus, except one. Which one? A. Coracobrachialis B. Triceps brachii C. Latissimus dorsi D. Pectoralis major E. Supraspinatus

B. Triceps brachii

7. Of the muscles that move the glenohumeral joint, two attach to the axial skeleton. Which ones? a: Latissimus dorsi b: Deltoid c: Pectoralis major d: Teres major e: Coracobrachialis A. a and b B. a and c C. b and d D. c and e E. d and e

B. a and c

46. The muscle that extends the great toe is the A. tibialis anterior. B. extensor hallucis longus. C. fibularis brevis. D. extensor digitorum longus. E. gracilis.

B. extensor hallucis longus.

30. When a child raises her hand to show you she is five years old, she is using all of the following muscles except the A. extensor digitorum. B. flexor digitorum. C. palmar interossei. D. lumbricals. E. dorsal interossei.

B. flexor digitorum.

43. Of the muscles listed, the one not attaching distally to the quadriceps tendon is the A. rectus femoris. B. gluteus maximus. C. vastus lateralis. D. vastus intermedius. E. vastus medialis.

B. gluteus maximus.

65. The muscle or group that does have a proximal attachment to the calcaneus is the A. extensor digitorum brevis. B. lumbricals. C. abductor hallucis. D. quadratus plantae. E. flexor digitorum brevis.

B. lumbricals.

31. Most muscles that move the thigh originate on the A. iliotibial tract. B. os coxae. C. sacral spine. D. head of the femur. E. linea alba.

B. os coxae.

4. The _________ is a large, saw-toothed, flat, fan-shaped muscle positioned between the ribs and the scapula. A. levator scapulae B. serratus anterior C. subclavius D. pectoralis minor E. trapezius

B. serratus anterior

71. Muscles that move the knee joint are collectively referred to as __________ muscles. A. leg B. thigh C. hip D. knee E. calf

B. thigh

67. A muscle that does not evert the foot is the A. fibularis longus. B. tibialis posterior. C. fibularis brevis. D. fibularis tertius. E. No exceptions; all choices evert the foot.

B. tibialis posterior.

15. The prime extensor of the elbow joint is the A. deltoid muscle. B. triceps brachii. C. biceps brachii. D. brachialis. E. brachioradialis.

B. triceps brachii.

34. Which muscle does not have a proximal attachment on the ischial tuberosity? A. Biceps femoris B. Semimembranosus C. Adductor longus D. Semitendinosus E. Quadratus femoris

C. Adductor longus

63. During an automobile accident, a friend of yours suffers a fractured femur. As a result, the muscles of the thigh begin to swell, compressing blood vessels and nerves within the quadriceps fascia. If the blood supply is not restored within a few hours his nerves and muscles could atrophy—a dangerous situation. What condition is he experiencing? A. Coxal aponeurosis syndrome B. Plantar fasciitis C. Compartment syndrome D. Fascial-compressed syndrome E. Iliotibial tract syndrome

C. Compartment syndrome

22. Three tendons form the border for the "anatomic snuffbox". Select the exception. A. Abductor pollicis longus tendon B. Extensor pollicis longus tendon C. Extensor digiti minimi tendon D. Extensor pollicis brevis tendon

C. Extensor digiti minimi tendon

21. Which muscle of the forearm is absent in approximately 10 percent of individuals? A. Flexor carpi radialis B. Flexor carpi ulnaris C. Palmaris longus D. Brachioradialis E. Flexor digitorum profundus muscle

C. Palmaris longus

33. Which is not one of the hamstring muscles? A. Biceps femoris B. Semimembranosus C. Rectus femoris D. Semitendinosus

C. Rectus femoris

3. There are four posterior thoracic muscles. Select the exception. A. Levator scapulae B. Rhomboid major C. Subclavius D. Rhomboid minor E. Trapezius

C. Subclavius

70. The pronator teres and pronator quadratus cause pronation of the forearm. What muscle opposes this movement? A. Pectoralis major B. Subscapularis C. Supinator D. Biceps brachii E. Triceps brachii

C. Supinator

9. All of these muscles, except one, adduct the arm. Select the exception. A. Infraspinatus B. Teres minor C. Supraspinatus D. Coracobrachialis E. Triceps brachii

C. Supraspinatus

59. The intrinsic foot muscles form a __________ group and a _________ group. A. posterior; flexor B. anterior; posterior C. dorsal; plantar D. anterior; flexor E. dorsal; ventral

C. dorsal; plantar

26. To form your hand into a fist you would use all of the muscles listed, except the A. flexor digitorum profundus. B. flexor pollicis brevis. C. flexor hallucis longus. D. flexor digiti minimi brevis. E. flexor digitorum superficialis.

C. flexor hallucis longus.

62. The muscle or group responsible for adduction of the toes is the A. adductor hallucis. B. flexor hallucis brevis. C. plantar interossei. D. dorsal interossei. E. quadratus plantae.

C. plantar interossei.

38. The most powerful muscle in the body is the A. gluteus medius. B. gluteus maximus. C. quadriceps femoris. D. biceps femoris. E. sartorius.

C. quadriceps femoris.

48. If you were to remove the gastrocnemius muscle you would expose the A. tibialis posterior. B. tibialis anterior. C. soleus. D. fibularis longus. E. flexor digitorum longus.

C. soleus.

6. The ________ is a large, flat, diamond-shaped muscle that extends from the skull and vertebral column to the pectoral girdle laterally. It depresses, retracts, or rotates the scapula. A. subclavius B. levator scapulae C. trapezius D. serratus anterior E. pectoralis minor

C. trapezius

18. All of the anterior muscles of the forearm, except one, have their proximal attachment on the medial epicondyle of the humerus via a common flexor tendon. Select the exception. A. Flexor carpi radialis B. Palmaris longus C. Flexor carpi ulnaris D. Flexor pollicis longus E. Flexor digitorum superficialis

D. Flexor pollicis longus

23. All of the muscles listed, except one, have their proximal attachment on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus. Select the exception. A. Extensor digitorum B. Extensor digiti minimi C. Extensor carpi radialis brevis D. Flexor pollicis longus E. Extensor carpi ulnaris

D. Flexor pollicis longus

60. This thick sheet of fascia extends between the phalanges of the toes and the calcaneus, and also encloses the plantar muscles of the foot. A. Extensor retinaculum B. Extensor aponeurosis C. Intrinsic fascia D. Plantar aponeurosis E. Elevator tendonosis

D. Plantar aponeurosis

40. With three seconds left on the clock, Mia breaks free and scores the winning goal. Of the muscles listed, select the one with the primary action in extending the leg for kicking. A. Biceps femoris B. Semimembranosus C. Sartorius D. Quadriceps femoris E. Tensor fasciae latae

D. Quadriceps femoris

69. Four muscles are referred to as rotator cuff muscles. Select the exception. A. Subscapularis B. Supraspinatus C. Infraspinatus D. Teres major E. Teres minor

D. Teres major

52. Where would you find the extensor retinaculum? A. Knee B. Hip C. Wrist D. Wrist and ankle E. Ankle

D. Wrist and ankle

1. Muscles of the pectoral girdle attach proximally on the A. clavicle and scapula and insert on the axial skeleton. B. humerus and insert on the axial skeleton. C. axial skeleton and insert on the humerus. D. axial skeleton and insert on the clavicle and scapula. E. humerus and insert on the clavicle and scapula.

D. axial skeleton and insert on the clavicle and scapula.

25. The condition known as "tennis elbow" is caused by trauma or overuse of the A. common flexor tendon of the anterior forearm muscles. B. common flexor tendon of the posterior forearm muscles. C. common extensor tendon of the anterior forearm muscles. D. common extensor tendon of the posterior forearm muscles. E. None of the choices is correct.

D. common extensor tendon of the posterior forearm muscles.

66. The muscle or group that does have a proximal attachment on a metatarsal is the A. dorsal interossei. B. plantar interossei. C. flexor digiti minimi brevis. D. flexor hallucis brevis. E. oblique head of adductor hallucis.

D. flexor hallucis brevis

32. One of the largest muscles in the body and the one most responsible for extending and laterally rotating the thigh is the A. sartorius. B. tensor fasciae latae. C. pectineus. D. gluteus maximus. E. gracilis.

D. gluteus maximus.

68. Deviation of the tip of the great toe to the medial side of the foot away from the second toe is a(n) A. calcaneal eversion. B. metatarsal bunion. C. achilles spur. D. hallux valgus. E. hallux diversion.

D. hallux valgus.

42. Of the muscles listed, the one not involved in flexing the leg is the A. sartorius. B. gracilis. C. biceps femoris. D. tibialis anterior. E. semitendinosus.

D. tibialis anterior.

19. What is a retinaculum? A. A flat band of muscle B. A wide aponeurosis C. A sliding tendon D. An area where several muscles converge E. A thickened fibrous band of fascia

E. A thickened fibrous band of fascia

17. Besides the supinator, which other muscle is a powerful supinator of the forearm? A. Pronator teres B. Pronator quadratus C. Triceps brachii D. Brachialis E. Biceps brachii

E. Biceps brachii

8. Which muscle is the one most commonly damaged in a rotator cuff injury? A. Subscapularis B. Teres major C. Teres minor D. Infraspinatus E. Supraspinatus

E. Supraspinatus

35. Which muscle does not adduct the thigh? A. Adductor longus B. Adductor brevis C. Gracilis D. Pectineus E. Tensor fasciae latae

E. Tensor fasciae latae

57. Which muscle is not involved in plantar flexing the foot? A. Fibularis longus B. Plantaris C. Gastrocnemius D. Soleus E. Tibialis anterior

E. Tibialis anterior

44. Crural muscles are those that move the A. vertebral column. B. hip. C. thigh. D. lower leg. E. ankle, foot, and toes.

E. ankle, foot, and toes.

36. Of the muscles listed, the only one that attaches distally on the head of the fibula is the A. gluteus maximus. B. tensor fasciae latae. C. semimembranosus. D. semitendinosus. E. biceps femoris.

E. biceps femoris.

47. The muscle that makes up the calf of the leg is the A. plantaris. B. tibialis posterior. C. popliteus. D. soleus. E. gastrocnemius.

E. gastrocnemius.

5. The ________ is a narrow, elongated muscle that is deep to both the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles. It attaches superiorly with multiple heads on the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae and attaches inferiorly on the superior angle of the scapula. A. serratus anterior B. rhomboid minor C. rhomboid major D. subclavius E. levator scapulae

E. levator scapulae