A&P Chapter 16
Pigmented layer of retina, Neural layer of the retina
A detached retina is caused by a separation between which two layers?
The ability to respond to a stimulus
A feature common to all receptors is _____
Optic disc
A lack of photoreceptors in this structure creates the "blind spot"?
Chemoreceptors
Detect chemicals
Photoreceptors
Detect light
baroreceptors
Detect pressure change
Thermoreceptors
Detect temperature
Taste
Gustation is the sense of _____
Chemooreceptors
Gustatory cells are _____
7-10 days
Gustatory cells have a _____ lifespan
3
How many auditory ossicles are found in each ear?
Lysozyme
Lacrimal fluid prevents bacterial infection because it contains and antibacterial enzyme called _____
tract
Neurons in the olfactory bulb travel through the olfactory _____ to the brain
Fibrous tunic, Vascular tunic, Retina
Place the layers of the eye in order from superficial to deep
Optic nerve, Optic chiasm, Optic tract
Place the structures of CN II in order from anterior to posterior
Iris, Ciliary body, Choroid
Place the structures of the vascular tunic in order from anterior to posterior
External ear, Middle ear, Inner ear
Place the three regions of the ear in order from lateral to medial
Skin
Receptors for general senses are distributed throughout the _____ and viscera
simple in structure
Receptors for general senses are usually _____
True
T/F: The primary purpose of the eyebrows is to keep sweat out of the eye
Stratum basale
Tactile cells associated with tactile discs are located in the _____
Basal
Taste buds are made of gustatory cells, supporting cells, and _____ cells
Iris
The _____ controls the size or diameter of the pupil and thus the amount of light entering the eye
External Acoustic
The auricle directs sound waves into the bony tube called the _____ _____ meatus
tactile corpuscles
WHat type of phasic receptors detects light touch, shapes, textures?
Thousands
We have the ability to distinguish one odor among _____ of different ones.
Olfaction
We use the sense of ______ to sample our environment for information about the food we will eat, the presence of other individuals in the room, or potential danger
transmit sound waves to inner ear, Amplify sound
What are the functions of the auditory ossicles?
nociceptors
Detect tissue change
2
Each eye has _____ lacrimal puncta
Cerumen
Earwax is a combination of dead skin cells and _____
Vestibulocochlear
Hearing and our sense of balance comes from the stimulation of which cranial nerve?
Phasic
If stimulated over a period of time, _____ receptors lose eventually sensitivity
Elastic
The auricle has _____ cartilage that supports its structure
Pupil, Iris
The black hole in the eye is called the _____ and it is surrounded by the colorful _____
Smooth
The ciliary muscles are made of _____ muscle.
Scala tympani, Cochlear duct, Scala vestibuli
The cochlea has three fluid-filled ducts. Which are the names of these ducts?
Palpebrae
The eyelids are also called _____
Orbital
The fat surrounding the eye is called _____ fat
Conjunctiva fornix
The junction of the palpebral and ocular conjunctiva is called the _____
Lacrimal
The lacrimal apparatus produces, collects, and drains _____ fluid
Rounded
The lens is _____ when we are viewing close-up objects
Cranium
The receptors for the special senses are found within the _____
Provides for eye shape, Is made of dense connective tissue
The sclera _____
Inner ear
Where is the cochlea located?
Sclera, Cornea
Which are a part of the fibrous tunic?
Transparent, Avascular
Which are characteristics of the cornea?
Krause bulbs, End bulbs
Which are examples of encapsulated receptors?
Pharyngotympanic tube, Auditoty tube, Eustachian tube
Which are the correct names for the tube that connect the middle ear to the nasopharynx?
It contains goblet cells, It is vascular, It does not cover the cornea
Which are true of conjunctiva?
There are more than 100 million rod cells per eye, They function well in dim light
Which are true of rods?
stapes
Which auditory ossicle contracts the oval window?
Irritants, Infectious agents
Which causes conjunctivitis?
Rods become inactive, Cones gradually adjust, Pupils constrict
Which events occur during bright light adaption?
Bulbous corpuscles
Which is a type of tonic receptor that detects both continuous deep pressure and distortion of the skin?
Umami
Which taste sensation translates as "delicius
Thermoreceptors, Chemoreceptors, Mechanoreceptors
Which terms indicate a receptor type that is classified by its modality of stimulus?
Proprioceptors
Which type of receptor is found in skeletal muscles, tendons, and joint capsules?
Touching a hot pan, Exposure to acid on skin, Sprained ankle
Which would stimulate somatic nociceptors?
Chemoreceptors
_____ are receptors that detect chemicals
Lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus, superior colliculi
Optic tracts extend to which structures after they leave the optic chiasm?
Occipital
Optic tracts ultimately are directed to the primary visual cortex in the _____ lobe
Lacrimal puncta, Lacrimal canaliculi, Lacrimal sac, Nasolacrimal duct
Order these structures in order that tears travel through them
Choroid
What is the largest structure of the vascular tunic?
Choroid, Photoreceptors, Horizontal cells, Bipolar cells
Place the structures of the eye in order from superficial to deep. Start with the outermost structure first
Tactile receptors
What is the most numerous type of receptors?
Posterior cavity
What is the space behind the lens called?
Lens
What structure focuses incoming light onto the retina?
iris
What structure is the dividing line between the anterior and posterior chambers?
Vallate
What type of papillae is largest and least numerous
Photoreceptors
What type of receptor detects changes in light?
Lamellated corpuscles
What type of receptor detects deep pressure and vibration?
Interoceptors
What type of receptor is found in smooth muscle of organs?
Exteroceptors
What type of receptor is found in the mucous membranes?
Proprioceptors
What type of receptors makes you aware of your body positioning?
Ganglion, optic
When the bipolar cells release their neurotransmitter, the _____ cells propagate a nerve signal along the _____ nerve
Inhibiting
When the photoreceptors stop _____ the bipolar cells, the bipolar cells can then release their neurotransmitter that binds to receptors on the ganglion cells
In the neural layer of the retina
Where are photoreceptors located?
Lacrimal apparatus
Where are tears created?
Proprioceptors
_____ include only the somatic sensory receptors within joint, muscles and tendons