A&P Chapter 9 HW

Hypersecretion of growth hormone could lead to which of the following conditions? a) Addison's disease b) acromegaly c) diabetes insipidus d) masculinization

acromegaly

How do lipid-soluble hormones carry out their actions at their target cells? a) stimulate release of Ca2+ ions b) activate cyclic AMP c) activate genes and stimulate protein synthesis d) activate a 2nd messenger

activate genes and stimulate protein synthesis

*4.* What endocrine gland is located just above a kidney? *5.* Which of these tropic hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland? a) antidiuretic hormone (ADH) b) adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) c) growth hormone (GH) d) oxytocin (OT)

adrenal gland adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

On a camping trip in Montana, Jose encountered a mother Grizzly bear with two cubs. The mother bear started moving rapidly toward Jose, who quickly turned and ran faster than he ever knew he could. What endocrine organ was stimulated to release hormones that helped Jose to react so quickly? a) parathyroid b) adrenal medulla c) posterior pituitary d) anterior pituitary

adrenal medulla

Male sex hormones produced by the adrenal cortex are called ____ a) mineralcorticoids b) estrogens c) glucocorticoids d) androgens

androgens

Alcohol suppresses the production of this hormone, ______, which normally promotes water retention and prevents dehydration. a) cortisol b) aldosterone c) antidiuretic hormone (ADH) d) thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

What hormone stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb water as urine is being formed? a) antidiuretic hormone (ADH) b) oxytocin c) parathyroid hormone (PTH) d) mineralcorticoids

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Which of these hormones regulate Ca levels in the blood? a) T3 and T4 b) insulin and glucagon c) calcitonin and PTH d) oxytocin and prolactin e) melatonin and glucocorticoids

calcitonin and PTH

The efficiency of the endocrine system as a whole gradually declines in old age. Which of the following is NOT an effect of aging on the endocrine system and body homeostasis? a) decreased mental abilities b) insulin production decline c) muscle atrophy d) higher cancer rate e) less able to resist stress and infection

decreased mental abilities

Lena is hypoglycemic. To counter this condition, WOTF hormones would NOT be released? a) glucagon b) catecholamine c) cortisol d) insulin

insulin

Beta cells of the pancreatic islets produce a hormone known as ____ while the alpha cells produce a hormone known as _____

insulin; glucagon

The element necessary in the diet for proper thyroid function is _____ a) potassium b) bromine c) sodium d) iodine e) calcium

iodine

How does the hypothalamus regulate the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary gland? a) it sends nerve impulses along axons that release hormones within the anterior pituitary gland b) it secretes releasing and inhibiting hormones that travel through the blood to the anterior pituitary gland c) it releases Na+ to trigger hormone release by the anterior pituitary cells d) it sends nerve impulses to the glandular cells of the anterior pituitary

it secretes releasing and inhibiting hormones that travel through the blood to the anterior pituitary gland

WOTF is NOT an effect of testosterone? a) development of heavy bones and muscles b) sperm production c) growth of facial hair d) deepening of the voice e) maintenance of pregnancy

maintenance of pregnancy

A hormone called ___ is believed to play an important role in establishing the body's day-night cycle. a) melatonin b) cortisol c) thymosin d) aldosterone

melatonin

WOTF is a common age-associated condition? a) goiter b) menopause c) cretinism d) acromegaly

menopause

What is the main mechanism for regulating hormone secretion? a) positive feedback b) taking vitamins c) negative feedback d) neural stimulation

negative feedback

Which of these is linked to the decline in estrogen in menopausal females? a) osteoporosis b) reduced secretion of growth hormone c) decline in metabolic rate d) reduced resistance to infection

osteoporosis

Estrogens do all of the following EXCEPT _______ a) prepare the uterus to receive a fertilized egg b) stimulate the development of 2nd sex characteristics in females c) help maintain pregnancy d) stimulate menstruation e) stimulate growth of facial hair

stimulate growth of facial hair

Tropic hormones ______. a) stimulate other endocrine glands to secrete hormones b) stimulate the pineal gland to secrete hormones c) stimulate nervous tissue d) stimulate nervous tissue e) stimulate the thymus gland to secrete hormones f) stimulate prostaglandins

stimulate other endocrine glands to secrete hormones

Which of these occur when blood glucose concentration falls below the normal range? Above normal range?

the pancreas secretes glucagon the pancreas secretes insulin

A hormone called _____ plays an important role in incubating a special group of white blood cells. a) melatonin b) cortisol c) glucagon d) thymosin

thymosin

In _____ diabetes, target cells do not respond normally to insulin In ____ diabetes, no insulin is produced In _______ diabetes, glucose levels remain higher than normal

type 2 type 1 both type 1 and type 2

Jamal visited his doctor to complain about his constant thirst and excessive urination. A blood test revealed that Jamal had low levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). What is Jamal's diagnosis? a) Graves' disease b) diabetes mellitus c) diabetes insipidus d) Addisons

diabetes insipidus

Which of these is characteristic of an endocrine gland? a) ductless b) secretes into a body cavity c) must be close to its target cells d) secretes onto a body surface

ductless

Which of these would occur with hyposecretion of adrenal cortical hormones? a) goiter and exophthalmos b) high BP and hyperglycemia c) abnormal skeletal growth d) electrolyte and water imbalance

electrolyte and water imbalance

Hypersecretion of glucocorticoids, often caused by a tumor, results in __ a) Addison's b) Cushing's c) Grave's d) diabetes insipidus

Cushing's

Which of the following disorders is a disease of the adrenal gland? a) acromegaly b) diabetes insipidus c) Graves' disease d) Cushing's syndrome

Cushing's syndrome

The "fight-or-flight" response triggers the release of _____ a) growth hormone b) epinephrine c) prolactin d) melatonin e) antidiuretic hormone

epinephrine

The most common stimulus for prodding endocrine glands into action is ______ a) hormonal b) direct gene activation c) humoral d) neural

hormonal

What gland produces thymosin? The producer of hormones released by the posterior pituitary is what?

Thymus hypothalamus

Sequence of Events of Blood Glucose and Snacks

1) Blood glucose becomes high 2) Pancreas releases insulin 3) Insulin binds to receptors on target cells 4) Cells take in glucose 5) Blood cells return to normal

The study of hormones and endocrine organs is known as immunology. True or False?

False

Why don't all body cells respond to a particular hormone? a) Glands don't secrete enough hormone to affect all body cells b) All body cells aren't exposed to the hormone c) Only cells that have receptors for the hormone can respond d) The liver removes the hormone before all cells can be exposed

Only cells that have receptors for the hormone can respond

Which of these results when hormone secretion is regulated by a negative feedback mechanism? a) all hormones are regulated by other hormones b) hormones determine the metabolic rate of all cells c) the concentration of a hormone remains within a narrow normal range d) hormone concentrations rise and fall depending on the time of day

The concentration of a hormone remains within a narrow normal range

Which hormones help maintain a relatively constant calcium concentration in the blood? a) parathyroid hormone (PTH) and cortisol b) aldosterone and calcitonin c) parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin d) antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and parathyroid hormone (PTH)

parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin

Hyposecretion of growth hormone during childhood leads to _____ a) gigantism b) myxedema c) pituitary dwarfism d) acromegaly e) Cushing's

pituitary dwarfism

What role does insulin play in maintaining homeostasis? a) Insulin raises BP after a meal to promote digestion and absorption b) btw meals, blood glucose levels decrease. Insulin stimulates the liver to release glucose into the blood and bring glucose levels into normal range c) when blood glucose levels are elevated after a meal, insulin stimulates glucose uptake by cells to bring glucose levels back to normal d) insulin causes glucose to spill into the urine when blood glucose levels are too high

when blood glucose levels are elevated after a meal, insulin stimulates glucose uptake by the cells to bring glucose levels back to normal