A&P II: Chapter 21 - Lymphatic System
Which fluid does lymph most closely resemble?
Interstitial fluid
Which of the lymphatic trunks drain into the cisterna chyli?
Intestinal trunks and lumbar trunks
Of the lymphatic trunks, which ones drain lymph from deep thoracic structures?
Bronchomediastinal trunks
Lymph nodes may be found individually, or clustered in specific regions of the body. Which cluster of lymph nodes receives lymph from the head and neck?
Cervical lymph nodes
TOF The thymus gland begins to atrophy immediately after birth.
False
TOF The walls of the smallest lymphatic vessels contain muscle tissue that rhythmically propels lymph through the system.
False
TOF The spleen is considered a primary lymphatic structure.
False
Which is not a function of the spleen?
Filters lymph
In which abdominal quadrant is the spleen located?
Left upper quadrant
Which is not drained by the right lymphatic duct?
Right side of abdomen
Which lymphatic organ contains red pulp and white pulp?
Spleen
When women with breast cancer undergo surgery to remove the tumor or the entire breast, the axillary lymph nodes are often removed as well. Why?
The axillary lymph nodes receive lymph from the breast and may contain cancer cells.
Where do T-lymphocytes mature?
Thymus gland
TOF Like veins, lymphatic vessels rely on skeletal muscle and respiratory pumps to help propel fluid through them.
True
TOF Lymph contains protein.
True
TOF One of the functions of the lymphatic system is to transport fat.
True
TOF One of the functions of the spleen is phagocytosis of bacteria in the blood.
True
TOF The appendix contains lymphatic nodules.
True
TOF The cortex of a lymph node contains multiple lymphatic nodules.
True
TOF The germinal center of a lymphatic nodule contains proliferating B-lymphocytes and macrophages.
True
TOF The ossa coxae contain red marrow.
True
TOF Tonsils are secondary lymphatic structures.
True
Structures that connect lymphatic capillary cells to surrounding tissue and prevent the capillaries from collapsing are called _________ filaments.
anchoring
The thymus is at its maximum size...
at puberty.
Tonsils have multiple invaginated outer edges called _______ that help trap material.
crypts
Which is not correct regarding the white pulp of the spleen?
It serves as a blood reservoir.
Lymph from the head and neck is drained by the _________ trunks.
Jugular
Obstruction of the flow of lymph in lymphatic vessels can lead to an accumulation of interstitial fluid in the tissues. This condition is characterized by pain and swelling, and is called ________________.
lymphedema
The term "swollen glands" is usually meant to refer to lymph nodes in which...
lymphocytes are proliferating in germinal centers.
A lymph nodule contains a germinal center surrounded by a region containing T-lymphocytes, dendritic cells, and macrophages; this outer region is known as a ________ zone.
mantle
Migration of cancerous cells through the lymphatic system to other regions of the body is called ______________.
metastasis
Typically, a hilum of a lymph node contains...
one efferent lymphatic vessel.
Lymphatic capillaries...
originate as closed-ended tubes associated with blood capillary networks.
The thoracic duct collects lymph from all of the following except the...
right arm.
Although they are not a site of lymphocyte formation, _________ lymphatic structures provide sites where immune responses are initiated.
secondary
Regions of MALT called Peyer patches are found in the...
small intestine.
Old or defective erythrocytes and platelets are engulfed within the lymph organ known as the ________.
spleen
The thoracic duct and the right lymphatic duct empty lymph into the...
subclavian veins.
The letter "T" within "T-lymphocytes" stands for the _________.
thymus
Subclavian trunks drain lymph from the...
upper limbs, breasts, and superficial thorax.
B-lymphocytes are...
white blood cells that are generated in red bone marrow.
The lymphatic system's two main functions are to assist in...
immunity and fluid balance.
The main function of tonsils is to detect and protect against infections agents that are...
ingested or inhaled.
Fluid collected in lacteals will be carried in __________ trunks.
intestinal
A lymphatic capillary that picks up dietary lipids in the small intestine is called a(n)...
lacteal.
With respect to the lymphatic system, what do the letters in the acronym MALT stand for?
Mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue
Which is not correct regarding lymph nodes?
No exceptions; all are true of lymph nodes.
Which area does not contain MALT?
No exceptions; all choices contain MALT
