A&P Lab Quiz 12+13
Microglial Cells
Phagocytic cells of the CNS
What is the function of the myelin sheath?
Speeds up conduction of neural action potentials along an axon
Ependymal Cells
Surround the cell bodies of neurons in the PNS
Label: central sulcus, cerebellum, corpus callosum, frontal lobe, hypothalamus, lateral sulcus, medulla oblongata, midbrain, occipital lobe, parietal lobe, pineal gland, pons, postcentral gyrus, precentral gyrus, temporal lobe, thalamus
308, 309
Label: anterior funiculus, anterior horn, anterior median fissure, central canal, lateral funiculus, lateral horn, posterior funiculus, posterior horn, posterior median sulcus, spinal arachnoid mater, spinal dura mater
314
Astrocytes
Anchor neurons and blood vessels, maintain extracellular environment around neurons, assist in the formation of the blood blood-brain barrier
Which part of the neuron is capable of generating an action potential?
Axon
Oligodendrocytes
Form the myelin sheath in the CNS
The __ of the spinal cord contains the cell bodies of motor neurons, whereas the __ of the spinal cord contains the cell bodies of neurons that receive information from sensory neurons.
anterior horn posterior horn
Epithalamus
contains the pineal gland and secretes the hormone melatonin
Which of the following spaces is found around the spinal cord but not around the brain?
epidural space
The spinal cord extends from the _ _ of the occipital bone to the ___ vertebra. It terminates as the _ _ and gives off a bundle of nerve roots called the _ _.
foramen magnum first/second lumbar conus medullaris cauda equina
Hypoathalamus
inferior part of the diencephalon that controls many aspects of homeostasis
Arachnoid Mater
middle meninx
Pons
middle part of the brainstem that buldges anteriorly
Medulla oblongata
most inferior portion of brainstem
Midbrain
most superior part of the brainstem
What neuron is pictured?
multipolar
White matter consists of
myelinated axons
Dura Mater
outermost and thickest meninx
Cerebellum
posterior part of the brain that controls and monitors ongoing movement
Where is the cerebral cortex located, and what is located here?
the cerebral cortex is the outer 2mm of grey matter of the cerebrum. contains unmyelinated axons and cerebral neurons, cell bodies and dendrites.
What triggers exocytosis of synaptic vesicles?
the influx of calcium ions into the axon terminal
Label: axon, axon hillock, axon terminals, cell body, dendrites, synaptic cleft, synaptic vesicles, telodendria
286
Label: internode, myelin, neurilemma, node of ranvier, oligodendrocyte, schwann cells
288
Which is not one of the four main regions of the brain?
cerebral aqueduct
Label: central canal, cerebral aqueduct, fourth ventricle, lateral ventricle, third ventricle
307
Put Neuron Action Potential in order: _Voltage-gate sodium ion channels close, and voltage-gated potassium ion channels open _Potassium ions continue to exit the cell, causing hyperpolarization _Voltage-gated sodium ion channels open, and the axon depolarizes _Potassium ions exit the cell, causing repolarization
1. Voltage-gated sodium ion channels open, and the axon depolarizes 2. Voltage-gate sodium ion channels close, and voltage-gated potassium ion channels open 3. Potassium ions exit the cell, causing repolarization 4. Potassium ions continue to exit the cell, causing hyperpolarization
Satellite Cells
Ciliated Cells in the CNS that form and circulate cerebrospinal fluid
Schwann Cells
Create the myelin sheath in the PNS
Where are synaptic vesicles located?
axon terminals
Pia Mater
innermost and thinnest meninx
Thalamus
largest egg shaped component of the diencephalon; edits and sorts information coming into the cerebrum
Neurotansmitters that bind the postsynaptic membrane generally generate a/an
local potential