A&P Muscles REVIEW

Which of the following muscles acts to flex the finger joints and wrist? a. tensor fasciae latae b. flexor digitorum c. flexor carpi ulnaris d. semimembranosus

flexor digitorum

Muscles whose names contain the root cervi- would be found in the a. head. b. neck. c. chest. d. abdomen.

neck

Specific name for the plasma membrane of the myofiber. a. sarcoplasm b. T tubule c. sarcolemma d. myofibril

sarcolemma

The area between the Z lines is the _________. a. myofilament b. sarcomere c. sarcolemma d. myofibril

sarcomere

An olympic long distance marathon winner most likely has an increase number of _______ muscle fibers. a. fast b. slow

slow

A person whose genetic makeup makes him or her a better marathon runner than a sprinter probably has more __________ in his or her leg muscles. a. slow fibers b. intermediate fibers c. fast fibers d. dark fibers

slow fibers

Nonstriated, involuntary muscle is a. white skeletal. b. red skeletal. c. cardiac. d. smooth.

smooth

Nonstriated, involuntary muscle is _________. a. red skeletal b. cardiac c. smooth d. intermediate skeletal

smooth

The muscle that inserts with the gastrocnemius to the calcaneus, via the calcaneal tendon, is the a. tibialis posterior. b. tibialis anterior. c. extensor digitorum. d. soleus.

soleus

What muscle types guard the enterance and exits of the body ? a. sphincters b. T tubules c. skeletal d. abdominal muscles

sphincters

Which of the following acts to flex the neck? a. sternocleidomastoid b. triceps brachii c. supraspinatus d. tibialis anterior.

sternocleidomastoid

Which muscle extends the elbow during the action of push-ups? a. pectoralis major b. deltoid c. triceps brachii d. biceps brachii

triceps brachii

At rest, active sites of the actin are covered by a. troponin b. tropomyosin c. myosin d. testosterone

tropomyosin

Muscles dominated by fast fibers appear _________. a. blue b. white c. red d. purple

white

The orgin of the soleus is ________ and the insertion is __________ a. Fibula/tibia; calcaneus b. Ischium; ulna c. Scapula; humerus d. Maxillary/mandible; Orbicularis oris

Fibula/tibia; calcaneus

________ allows for electrical stimuli sent from the brain, to reach deep into each fiber a. I band b. myofibrils c. T tubules d. Z lines

T tubules

Which of the following is an effect of aging on the muscular system? a. Skeletal muscles become more elastic. b. Tolerance for exercise decreases. c. Skeletal muscle fibers become larger in diameter. d. Muscle fibers contain more protein.

Tolerance for exercise decreases.

Name the highlighted muscle a. Deltoid b. Tensor fasciae latae c. Latissimus dorsi d. Trapezius

Trapezius

_________ moves away from the active sites. a. Cross-bridges b. Myosin c. Tropomyosin d. Actin

Tropomyosin

What creates "cross-bridges" a. When calcium binds to troponin b. Change of troponin shape c. When the myosin heads bind to the active sites d. When actin filaments slide

When the myosin heads bind to the active sites

What is the name of the areas circled in black ? a. Z lines b. I bands c. Actin active sites d. H bands

Z lines

The deltoid acts to a. laterally rotate the shoulder. b. adduct the arm. c. medially rotate the shoulder. d. abduct the arm.This answer is correct. e. flex the wrist.

abduct the arm

Which filiament is a thin twisted protein that contains specific active sites ? a. Actin b. Troponin c. Tropomysin d. Myosin

actin

Myofibrils are made primarily of __________. a. ATP and ADP b. tropomyosin c. troponin d. actin and myosin

actin and myosin

The striated appearance of skeletal muscle results from a. the transverse tubule pattern. b. the shape of the epimysium c. actin and myosin arrangement on the sarcomere d. the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

actin and myosin arrangement on the sarcomere

Which of the following terms is a descriptive word for a muscle's action ? a. insertion b. biceps c. costalis d. adductor

adductor

Which of the following terms is a descriptive word for a muscle's action? a. biceps b. costalis c. adductor d. obliques

adductor

A skeletal muscle that is not regularly stimulated by a motor neuron will become smaller and weaker; such as in those individuals that are paralyzed by spinal injuries. The term used when this occurs to the muscles is _______________. a. glycolysis b. contraction c. atrophy d. isotonic

atrophy

A layer of collagen fibers that surrounds an entire muscle is called ________. a. perimysium b. epimysium c. endomysium d. sarcolemma

epimysium

The following describes _______ type of skeletal muscle fibers. - Produce powerful contractions - Fatigue rapidly - Few mitocondria a. fast b. slow

fast

A muscle _________ contains a sarcolemma, sacroplasm and myofibrils a. myofibril b. fiber c. intercalated disc d. T-tubule

fiber

Match the muscle name with the corresponding muscle a. Pectoralis major b. Trapezius c. Rectus femoris

1. a 2. b c. c

Match the agonist/antagonist muscle pairs 1. Latissimus dorsi 2. Biceps brachii 3. External intercostals 4. Fiagastric 5. Pectoralis major 6. Tensor fasciae latae 7. Tibialis anterior -- a. Deltoid b. Supraspinatus c. Gastrocnemius d. Triceps brachii e. Internal intercoastals f. Masseter g. Gluteus maximus

1. a 2. d 3. e 4. f 5. b 6. g 7. c

Match the origin with the muscle's name 1. Buccinator 2. Diagastric 3. Internal intercostals 4. Deltoid 5. Flexor carpi ulnaris 6. Tensor fasciae latae 7. Biceps femoris 8. Soleus 9. Trapezius -- a. Maxillary/Mandible b. Thoracic vertebrae c. Fibula/tibia d. Ilium e. Humerus/ulna f. Femur g. Clavicle/scapula h. Temporal bone/Mandible i. Superior border of the preceding rib

1. a 2. h 3. i 4. g 5. e 6. d 7. f 8. c 9. b

Match the word with the definition 1. Aponeruosis 2. Tendon 3. Diaphragm -- a. Muscle used for inhalation for breath b. A broad sheet of collagen fibers that connects muscles to each other. Similar to bones, but do not connect to a bone c. Connective tissue that attach muscle to a bone

1. b 2. c 3. a

Match the letter on the diagram with the correct structure name -- a. Endomysium b. Tendon c. Perimysium d. Epimysium

1. b 2. d 3. c 4. a

Match the muscle with its action from the list below. 1. rectus femoris 2. biceps femoris 3. gastrocnemius 4. masseter - a. flexes leg at the knee b. extension at the ankle c. extends leg at the knee d. elevates the mandible

1. c 2. a 3. b 4. d

a. Latissimus dorsi b. Deltoid c. Semitendinosus d. Deltoid e. Triceps brachii

1. c 2. a 3. e 4. b 5. d

Match the following terms correctly 1. Actin 2. Myosin 3. Tendon 4. Aponeurosis -- a. attach muscle to bone b. thick filament c. attach muscle to muscle (in some areas) d. thin filament

1. d 2. b 3. a 4. c

Match the insertion with the name of the muscle 1. External intercostals 2. Masseter 3. Latissimus dorsi 4. Biceps brachii 5. Flexor carpi radialis 6. Sternocleidmastoid 7. Tibialis anterior -- a. mastoid of skull b. humerus c. metacarpal d. flexion at ankle e. mandible f. radius g. superior border next to the rib

1. g 2. e 3. b 4. f 5. c 6. a 7. d

What type of endurance is gained from preforming increased amounts of brief, intense workouts. Such as sprinting or weightlifting. a. Aerobic endurance b. Anaerobic endurance

Anaerobic endurance

What is the indicated structure ? a. Fast fibers b. Actin c. Aponeruosis d. Myoglobin

Aponeruosis

How do skeletal muscles produce movement ? a. By pulling on tendons that then moves bones. b. By supporting the muscles of the abdominal wall. c. By contracting sphincter muscles. d. By producing contractions, where energy is converted to body heat.

By pulling on tendons that then moves bones.

After a contraction, the sarcomere will return to a resting state; which is a. Calcium ions bind to troponin. b. Calcium ions deplete and troponin confirmation returns c. Tropomyosin moves from the active sites d. Latic acid builds in the muscle after oxygen depletion.

Calcium ions deplete and troponin confirmation returns

Which of the following is characteristic of cardiac muscle? a. Cardiac muscles are only made of fast fibers b. Cardiac muscle fibers are faster than skeletal muscles. c. Cardiac muscle cells are involuntary d. Cardiac muscle fibers are a mix of skeletal muscle and cardiac cells.

Cardiac muscle cells are involuntary

After death, rigor mortis lasts until a. Calcium ions flood the myofiber b. The body is buried c. Decomposition begins d. 24 hours after blood flow stops

Decomposition begins

Which muscle has an action of hip extension. a. Gluteus maximus b. Masseter c. Biceps brachii d. Rectus femoris

Gluteus maximus

Consider the Sliding Filament Theory: Observed changes in the sarcomere. Which band or line gets smaller during a muscle contraction ? a. I band b. H band c. Z line d. Myosin

I band

Which statement regarding "heat loss" is true? a. When skeletal muscles are contracting at peak levels, body temperature drops. b. Shivering in a cold environment results in higher levels of heat loss. c. Muscle contractions play an important role in the maintenance of normal body temperature. d. Muscle activity does not generate heat.

Muscle contractions play an important role in the maintenance of normal body temperature.

Choose the 3 muscles that make up the hamstring group ? a. Triceps brachii b. Semitendinosus c. Semimembranosus d. Biceps femoris e. Tibialis anterior

Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris

Which of the following statements describes how muscles help maintain homeostasis? a. Skeletal muscles are responsible for the pumping action of the heart. b. The contractions of skeletal muscles pull on tendons and move elements of the skeleton. c. Skeletal muscle contractions help maintain body temperature. d. Skeletal muscles are responsible for guarding the openings of the digestive and urinary tracts.

Skeletal muscle contractions help maintain body temperature.

Which statement regarding skeletal muscle is true? a. Skeletal muscles do not contain nervous tissue. b. Skeletal muscles contain blood vessels. c. Skeletal muscles do not maintain body temperature. d. Skeletal muscles do not contain connective tissue.

Skeletal muscles contain blood vessels.

The following describes ___________ fibers. - Contains increased amount of capillary networks, providing oxygen - Contain a red pigment called myoaglobin - Contain oxygen reserves - Contain a relatively larger number of mitochondria than do fast muscle fibers a. Fast b. Slow

Slow

_________________ is the abductor of the shoulder a. Supraspinatus b. Triceps brachii c. Latissimus dorsi d. Trapezius

Supraspinatus

The muscle that flexes the knee a. pectoralis major b. Digastric c. Flexor digitorium d. Biceps femoris

biceps femoris

Rigor mortis occurs at death due to a lack of a. increased presence of ADP within the sarcoplasm b. destruction of tropomyosin c. blood circulation to move Calcium ions out of the cell. d. muscle relaxation at time of death.

blood circulation to move Calcium ions out of the cell.

In infants, which muscle produces suction for suckling at the breast ? a. orbicularis oris b. buccinator c. masseter d. levator labii

buccinator

The muscle that compresses the cheeks, as when pursing the lips and blowing forcefully, is the ________. a. masseter b. orbicularis oris c. zygomaticus minor d. buccinator

buccinator

Active muscles generate ________. a. sodium and oxygen b. heat and oxygen c. carbon dioxide and heat d. blood and sodium

carbon dioxide and heat

The supraspinatus assists the ______________ muscle. a. deltoid b. sarcolemma c. gastrocnemius d. flexor digitorum

deltoid

Which of the following muscles is named for its shape? a. deltoid b. biceps brachii c. pectoralis major d. erector spinae

deltoid

Muscle used for inhalation of breath a. masseter b. semimembranosus c. diaphragm d. sarcomere

diaphragm

Which of the following describes the action of the trapezius? a. adducts the arm b. adducts and flexes the humerus c. provides medial rotation of the humerus d. elevates, adducts, depresses, or rotates the scapula

elevates, adducts, depresses, or rotates the scapula

"anaerobic endurance" a. is determined by the availability of carbohydrates, lipids or amino acids for breakdown b. does not promote muscle growth c. is developed by performing frequent, brief, intense workouts d. is used during long, slow athletic activities

is developed by performing frequent, brief, intense workouts

The muscle that adducts the shoulder is the a. trapezius. b. latissimus dorsi. c. deltoid. d. triceps brachii.

latissimus dorsi

Which of the following is a muscle that originates from the zygomatic arch and functions in elevating the mandible? a. masseter b. frontalis c. temporalis d. digastric

masseter

The less-movable end of a skeletal muscle is the a. belly. b. insertion. c. origin. d. distial end.

origin

A sheath of connective tissue surrounding a bundle of striated muscle fibers is called __________. a. sarcoplasmic reticulum b. epimysium c. perimysium d. endomysium

perimysium

Skeletal muscle fibers differ from "typical cells" in that these muscle fibers a. lack mitochondria. b.the name of the cytoplasm is sarcoplasm in the muscle cell. c. lack a plasma membrane. d.are much smaller then a "typical cell" and do not contain a vacuoles .

the name of the cytoplasm is sarcoplasm in the muscle cell.

Which muscle inserts on the clavicle and scapula? a. Buccinator b. trapezius c. sternocleidomastoid d. pectoralis major

trapezius