Abeka Life Science Order & Design test 7
1. birds do not have a diaphragm - this allows the muscles to pump more air more quickly as it is flying; 2. birds do not have alveoli - this allows air to pump thru the lungs instead of in and then out; 3. birds inhale and exhale twice for each breath of air - this gives them the maximum amount of oxygen in each breath; 4. air moves thru the bird's skeleton helping it to cool - this is important because the bird cannot sweat; Mammals have a diaphragm and alveoli to move the air in and out, and their bodies can sweat to cool off.
Be able to describe the 4 main differences between the respiratory systems of birds and mammals. Explain how each difference shows birds' design for their lifestyle.
four
Birds have how many heart chambers?
two forward toes and two backward toes
How are the toes of a climbing foot arranged?
two
How many shell membranes does a bird egg have?
hover
Hummingbirds are able to remain stationary in the air. What type of flight is this?
keratin
The shell membranes of bird eggs are made of what substance?
bower bird
What bird is known for building a huge "nest" and decorating it with shiny objects as part of its mating ritual?
Andean condor
What is the largest flying bird?
ostrich
What is the largest living bird?
yolk
What is the nutrient rich fluid that feeds and unhatched chick?
calcium carbonate
What is the outermost shell of an egg made of?
germinal spot
What is the region of an egg where the embryo develops?
bee hummingbird
What is the smallest of all birds?
syrinx
What organ allows birds to produce sound without vocal chords?
preen gland
What organ produces oil that birds spread over their feathers?
alula
What retractable group of feathers is supported by a bird's "thumb" bone?
gizzard
What special section of a bird's stomach grinds food to make it more easily absorbed?
keel
What structure on a bird's sternum provides an attachment for the flight muscles?
keratin
What substance makes up a bird's bill?
precocial
What term refers to a bird that is born with down feathers and is able to run shortly after birth?
instinct
What term refers to a bird's built-in knowledge?
flyways
What term refers to the migration routes that birds follow year after year?
soaring
What term refers to the type of flight birds use by circling inside a thermal to gain altitude and then gliding to another thermal?
red breasted nuthatch
What type of bird is known for climbing down a tree trunk head first?
altricial
What types of chicks hatch without feathers and have their eyes closed for the first several days?
flightless
Which bird group includes ostriches and emus?
water birds
Which bird group includes pelicans and grebes?
megapodes
Which group of birds doesn't provide any parental care for their young after hatching?
gaping bill
Which type of bill has hinged jaws that allow the bill to be opened widely?
glide
Which type of flight allows birds to coast "downhill"?
to transfer body heat to the egg
Why do birds lose feathers on their brood patch?
molting
What term refers to birds replacing old, broken feathers with new ones?
incubation
What term refers to the act of keeping eggs warm for proper chick development?
mobbing
What term refers to the behavior of a flock of smaller birds harassing a larger bird?
field marks
What term refers to the colors, patterns and markings of a specific bird species?
down feathers
What term refers to the soft, fluffy feathers found nearest a bird's body?
contour feathers
What term refers to the strong feathers found on a bird's body, wings, and tail?
chalza
What term refers to the two dense, twisted cords that hold the yolk body in place?
sandpipers and uhimbrels
What type of birds have long slender probing bills for retrieving crustaceans burrowed in the sand?
grasping foot
What type of feet do hunting birds need to capture their prey?
rodents
What type of food would a bird with binocular vision most likely eat?
swimming feet
What type of foot does a bird have if three webbed toes point forward and one toe points straight back?
altitudinal migration
What type of migration involves birds moving short distances up or down a mountain?
monocular
What type of vision allows a bird to detect danger from all sides?
flightless
Which bird group has members that don't have a keel?
game
Which bird group includes chickens and quail?
birds of prey
Which bird group includes eagles and hawks?
game
Which bird group includes edible birds that are or have been hunted?
tropical birds
Which bird group includes macaws and parakeets?
perching foot
Which type of foot has three forward toes and one hind toe?
feathers
What does the term "plumage" refer to?
peregrine falcon
What is the fastest bird?
crop
What is the food storage sac in a bird's esophagus called?
dusting
What term refers to a bird bathing itself in dirt?
pectorals
What are a bird's most important flight muscles called?