Abeka Life Science Order & Design test 7

1. birds do not have a diaphragm - this allows the muscles to pump more air more quickly as it is flying; 2. birds do not have alveoli - this allows air to pump thru the lungs instead of in and then out; 3. birds inhale and exhale twice for each breath of air - this gives them the maximum amount of oxygen in each breath; 4. air moves thru the bird's skeleton helping it to cool - this is important because the bird cannot sweat; Mammals have a diaphragm and alveoli to move the air in and out, and their bodies can sweat to cool off.

Be able to describe the 4 main differences between the respiratory systems of birds and mammals. Explain how each difference shows birds' design for their lifestyle.

four

Birds have how many heart chambers?

two forward toes and two backward toes

How are the toes of a climbing foot arranged?

two

How many shell membranes does a bird egg have?

hover

Hummingbirds are able to remain stationary in the air. What type of flight is this?

keratin

The shell membranes of bird eggs are made of what substance?

bower bird

What bird is known for building a huge "nest" and decorating it with shiny objects as part of its mating ritual?

Andean condor

What is the largest flying bird?

ostrich

What is the largest living bird?

yolk

What is the nutrient rich fluid that feeds and unhatched chick?

calcium carbonate

What is the outermost shell of an egg made of?

germinal spot

What is the region of an egg where the embryo develops?

bee hummingbird

What is the smallest of all birds?

syrinx

What organ allows birds to produce sound without vocal chords?

preen gland

What organ produces oil that birds spread over their feathers?

alula

What retractable group of feathers is supported by a bird's "thumb" bone?

gizzard

What special section of a bird's stomach grinds food to make it more easily absorbed?

keel

What structure on a bird's sternum provides an attachment for the flight muscles?

keratin

What substance makes up a bird's bill?

precocial

What term refers to a bird that is born with down feathers and is able to run shortly after birth?

instinct

What term refers to a bird's built-in knowledge?

flyways

What term refers to the migration routes that birds follow year after year?

soaring

What term refers to the type of flight birds use by circling inside a thermal to gain altitude and then gliding to another thermal?

red breasted nuthatch

What type of bird is known for climbing down a tree trunk head first?

altricial

What types of chicks hatch without feathers and have their eyes closed for the first several days?

flightless

Which bird group includes ostriches and emus?

water birds

Which bird group includes pelicans and grebes?

megapodes

Which group of birds doesn't provide any parental care for their young after hatching?

gaping bill

Which type of bill has hinged jaws that allow the bill to be opened widely?

glide

Which type of flight allows birds to coast "downhill"?

to transfer body heat to the egg

Why do birds lose feathers on their brood patch?

molting

What term refers to birds replacing old, broken feathers with new ones?

incubation

What term refers to the act of keeping eggs warm for proper chick development?

mobbing

What term refers to the behavior of a flock of smaller birds harassing a larger bird?

field marks

What term refers to the colors, patterns and markings of a specific bird species?

down feathers

What term refers to the soft, fluffy feathers found nearest a bird's body?

contour feathers

What term refers to the strong feathers found on a bird's body, wings, and tail?

chalza

What term refers to the two dense, twisted cords that hold the yolk body in place?

sandpipers and uhimbrels

What type of birds have long slender probing bills for retrieving crustaceans burrowed in the sand?

grasping foot

What type of feet do hunting birds need to capture their prey?

rodents

What type of food would a bird with binocular vision most likely eat?

swimming feet

What type of foot does a bird have if three webbed toes point forward and one toe points straight back?

altitudinal migration

What type of migration involves birds moving short distances up or down a mountain?

monocular

What type of vision allows a bird to detect danger from all sides?

flightless

Which bird group has members that don't have a keel?

game

Which bird group includes chickens and quail?

birds of prey

Which bird group includes eagles and hawks?

game

Which bird group includes edible birds that are or have been hunted?

tropical birds

Which bird group includes macaws and parakeets?

perching foot

Which type of foot has three forward toes and one hind toe?

feathers

What does the term "plumage" refer to?

peregrine falcon

What is the fastest bird?

crop

What is the food storage sac in a bird's esophagus called?

dusting

What term refers to a bird bathing itself in dirt?

pectorals

What are a bird's most important flight muscles called?