AbFinalSG

Identify situations and strategies for preparing and presenting an extemporaneous speech.

"Once you have your outline (or notes) and know what topics you are going to cover and in what order, you can begin to practice the speech. Every time you run through it, the wording will be slightly different. As you practice the speech over and over, the best way to present each part will emerge and stick in your mind."

Understand what "conversational quality" means.

"Presenting a speech so it sounds spontaneous no matter how many times it has been rehearsed"

Recognize that eye contact affects an audience's perception of the speaker.

"The windows of the soul" Eye contact- Direct visual contact with the eyes of another person. Speakers in the United States who fail to establish eye contact are perceived as tentative or ill at ease and may be seen as insincere or dishonest. How you look at them counts. No matter what the size of your audience, you want your eyes to convey confidence, sincerity and conviction.

Know the five (5) steps of Monroe's Motivative Sequence and what needs must be accomplished in each step.

1. Attention- Gain the attention of your audience by using one or more methods. 2. Need- make the audience feel a need for change. 3. Satisfaction- Having aroused a sense of need, you satisfy it by providing a solution to the problem 4. Visualization- Having given your plan, you intensify desire for it by visualizing its benefits. 5. Action- Once the audience is convinced that your policy is beneficial, you are ready to call for action.

Identify strategies for informative speaking.

1. Don't overestimate what the audience knows 2.Relate the subject directly to the audience. 3.Don't be too technical. 4.Avoid abstractions 5.Personalize your ideas. 6.Be creative.

Recall how to analyze questions of policy.

1. Need 2. Plan 3. Practicality

Identify ways to generate emotional appeal.

1. Use emotional language. 2.Develop vivid examples. 3.Speak with sincerity in conviction

Know the five (5) guidelines for presenting visual aids.

1.Display visual aids where listeners can see them 2.Avoid passing visual aids among the audience 3.Display visual aids only while discussing them 4.Explain visual aids clearly and concisely 5.Talk to your audience, not to your visual aid 6.Practice with your visual aids 7.Check the room and equipment

Be able to identify and explain the five (5) steps for practicing speech delivery.

1.Go through your preparation outline aloud. 2.Prepare your speaking outline 3.Practice the speech aloud several times using only the speaking outline 4.Now begin to polish and refine your delivery. 5. Dress rehearsal under conditions as close as possible.

Identify strategies for preparing and displaying visual aids effectively.

1.Prepare visual aids well in advance- 2.Keep visual aids simple 3.Make sure visual aids are large enough 4.Use a limited amount of text 5.Use fonts effectively 6.Use color effectively 7.Use image strategically

What is a speaker outline?

A brief outline used to jog a speaker's memory during the presentation of a speech"

Recognize the importance and methods of using inclusive language.

Being respectful. • Know when and why to use them. Be respectful, avoid stereotypes based on age, race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, disability and other factors, avoid language, when in doubt DON'T

When preparing an extemporaneous style speech, what does it mean, "less is more?"

Better to focus on main points rather than add fluff to develop a stronger speech. Helps declutter, stay focus, helps avoid fluffing up.

Recall the importance and characteristics of credibility in persuasion.

Competence - how an audience regards a speaker's intelligence, expertise and knowledge of the subject. Character- how an audience regards a speaker's sincerity, trustworthiness, and concern for the well-being of the audience. Initial- the credibility of the speaker before she or he starts to speak." First impressions Derived- "Derived credibility—the credibility of the speaker produced by everything she or he says and does during the speech itself" Mullable, Adding and subtracting to it. Terminal - the credibility of the speaker at the end of the speech" final credibility you have in your mind at the end.

Recall that a speaker should avoid abstractions in informative speaking.

Describe events, compare and contrast.

Recall effective ways of using videos as visual aids.

Edit the length and cue at the start point.

Know the difference between imagery and rhythm in the language of a speech.

Imagery "The use of vivid language to create mental images of objects, actions, or ideas." Simile, Cliche, metaphor Rhythm- "The use of vivid language to create mental images of objects, actions, or ideas." Parallelism, Repetition, Alliteration, Antithesis ("The juxtaposition of contrasting ideas, usually in parallel structure.")

Recognize the importance and methods of using language appropriately

Importance: "language should be appropriate—to the occasion, to the audience, to the topic, and to the speaker." Methods: Avoid the Generic "He", Avoid the use of "Man" when referring to Both Men and Women, Avoid stereotyping Jobs and Social Jobs and Social Roles by Gender, Use Names that groups use to identify themselves.

Recognize the importance and methods of using language clearly.

Importance: A speaker's meaning must be immediately comprehensible; it must be so clear that there is no chance of misunderstanding. Methods: You can ensure this by using familiar words, by choosing concrete words over abstract words, and by eliminating verbal clutter. *less is more*

Recognize the importance and methods of using language vividly.

Importance: Just as you can be accurate without being clear, so you can be both accurate and clear without being interesting" Methods: Adding imagery *the two devices highlighted by the book are simile and metaphor* (poetic language, allowing the audience to see things in a different way) and adding rhythm (the way we are arranging are words).

Materials included in a speaker outline?

Key words and phrases to jog your memory Essential statistics and quotations

How nonverbal communication impacts vocal communication.

Nonverbal communication- "Communication based on a person's use of voice and body, rather than on the use of words." Personal appearance, Movement and Gestures.

Know the many kinds of visual aids there are for speeches and for what things they may be used.

Objects and Models - Bringing the object of your speech to class can be an excellent way to clarify your ideas and give dramatic impact. Ex: CPR model would be a dummy. Photographs and Drawings Graphs. Line graph - A graph that uses one or more lines to show changes in statistics over time or space Pie graph- A graph that highlights segments of a circle to show simple distribution patterns Charts

Identify purposes, topics, and organizational patterns for informative speeches about objects.

Objects may have moving parts or be alive; they ma include places, structures, animals, even people. Examples of subjects for speeches about objects: 3D printers, Joan of Arc, Great barrier Reef, musical instruments, dreamcatchers and stock market. Specific Purpose Statements To inform my audience about the medical uses of 3D printers. To inform my audience about the role of dreamcatchers in Native American cultures. To inform my audience about the major ecological features of the Great Barrier Reef. "If your specific purpose is to explain the history or evolution of your subject, you will put your speech in chronological order. "If your specific purpose is to describe the main features of your subject, you may organize your speech in spatial order. You will find that speeches about objects fall into topical order.

Identify the types of speeches on questions of policy.

Passive Agreement Immediate action

Recall the goals and approaches of speeches to gain passive agreement and immediate action.

Passive agreement= get audience to concur but not action. Immediate action = get them to do the call action.

When preparing an extemporaneous style speech, what does it mean "to focus on gaining control over ideas, not words?"

Rather than focusing on the exact way you are going to say it, focus on main ideas. Only put down key words and phrases so it serves a mnemonic device rather than a script to read from. Helps jog your memory and create a more conversational feel to the speech when you are delivering it.

Connotative meaning

The literal or dictionary meaning of a word or phrase"

Denotative meaning

The literal or dictionary meaning of a word or phrase"

Recognize the psychology of audiences as it relates to persuasive speaking.

The psychology of the audience: The audience is engaged in critical listening (taking in information and deciding whether to accept or reject).

What material is included on the preparation outline?

Title, specific purpose, central idea, introduction, main points, subpoints, connectives, conclusion, and bibliography of a speech.

So and so used connotative over denovative. Why ? *Question on exam*

To evoke emotions?

Know the four (4) tips for using evidence in persuasive speeches

Use specific evidence Use Novel evidence Use evidence from credible sources Make clear the point of your evidence.

Identify each of the eight (8) aspects of vocal delivery and explain their importance to effective public speaking.

Volume- "The loudness or softness of the speaker's voice"* Adjust to acoustics, audience size and background noise* Important because you need to be heard. Volume can add some drama to the delivery. Pitch - The highness or lowness of the new speaker's voice. Inflections- Changes in the pitch or tone of a speaker's voice. Monotone- A constant pitch or tone of voice. Important because it helps convey emotion. Continually increasing voice can be detrimental to a speech. Rate- The speed at which a person speaks. Important because you need to make sure the audience can follow and understand. Going too fast may make the audience not able to understand you. However, vice versa if you speak too slowly the audience may become bored. Pauses- A momentary break in the vocal delivery of a speech. Vocalized pause- A pause that occurs when a speaker fills the silence between words with vocalizations such as "uh" ,"er" and "um" Important because they can be used to place importance on certain aspects or a point where you want the audience to think about something. Vocal variety- Changes in a speaker's rate, pitch, and volume that give the voice variety and expressiveness. Important because it shows ideas important to you. Helps display a sense of conviction and desire. Pronunciation- The accepted standard of sound and rhythm for words in a given language. Important because it allows the audience to better understand what you are saying. Articulation- The physical production of particular speech sounds. Dialect- A variety of languages distinguished by variations of accent, grammar, or vocabulary.

What is a preparation outline?

Writing a preparation outline means putting your speech together—deciding what you will say in the introduction, how you will organize the main points and supporting materials in the body, and what you will say in the conclusion.

Recognize the importance and characteristics of good speech delivery.

You cannot make a good speech without having something to say. But having something to say is not good enough. You must also know how to say it. Characteristics: Directness, spontaneity, animation, vocal and facial expressions. Speech delivery is an art not a science. Concrete on such basics such as speaking intelligently.

Recognize the role presentation technology plays in speech delivery.

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