Abnormal Final: Chapter 6

Somatization disorder

A history of many unexplainable physical complaints beginning before age 30 that occur over several years and result in treatment being sought or significant impairment in functioning

What is Koro syndrome?

in China, fear that genitals are shrinking

Zar

in North Africa and Middle East, "Spirit Possession" causes unusual behavior

Amok

in Southeast Asia and Pacific Islands, trance-like state in which an individual violently attacks a person or destroys an object

Dissociative fugue prevalence in males and females, course of dissorder

more in women, comes on quickly and stops quickly

In illness anxiety disorder, does the feared illness have to be consistent? How long do they have to present to be diagnosed?

no, 6 months

Prevalence of pain disorder

10-15%

Average number of personalities in DID

15

Prevalence of DID, % and men v. women, onset

3 to 6%, 9x more common in women, onset in childhood bc of trauma

4 symptoms that must be present to diagnose Somatization disorder

4 pain symptoms 2 gastrointestinal symptoms 1 sexual symptom 1 pseudo-neurological symptom

Rate of misdiagnosis of conversion disorders that are really physical problems

4%

Somatization Disorder is __x more likely to occur in African Americans

4x

Transient/dissociative experiences occur in ___% of population

50%

Dhat syndrome

Asian Indian males, dizziness, weakness, and fatigue from excessive fears over loss of semen during nocturnal emissions

Pain disorder

Complaints of severe, often constant pain with no physical cause, usually triggered by stress

Most common Dissociative Disorder

Dissociative amnesia

Non-Medical Treatments for SSDs (4 things)

Education and reassurance, support groups, reducing life stress, CBT (learning to reinterpret symptoms)

Which body system is disregulated during depersonalization?

HPA axis

Treatment for Conversion disorder

Identify and address traumatic event

Difference between depersonalization and derealization

In depersonalization people feel like they aren't in their bodies, where in derealization they lose a sense of reality, people and object look differently

Difference between local, selective, general, systematized, and continuous amnesia

Local forgets within a certain time frame, usually during the event Selective forgets only distressful parts of the event General suddenly forget entire lives Systematized forget a certain part of their life Continuous forget everything from the event until the present

Difference between malingering and factitious disorder

Malingering is for secondary gain (money from a lawsuit, etc), factitious is for primary gain (emotional support, sympathy)

Somatic Symptom Disorder

One or more somatic symptoms that are distressing or disrupt daily life, causing excessive anxiety or abnormal behaviors

Conversion disorder

One or more symptoms of altered motor or sensory function (blindness, numbness, paralysis), not faked and not explainable by another medical or mental disorder

Developmental facet of Somatic Symptom Disorders

Parents teach you to overreact to injury, gave you a lot of attention when you were sick

Dissociative amnesia

People dissociate and are unable to recall personal information, usually associated with traumatic events

Illness anxiety disorder

Preoccupation or fear of having or acquiring a serious illness, no somatic symptoms

_______ ______ occurred in 53% to 93% patients prior to onset of conversion disorder

Stressful event

SSDs tend to develop after...

Stressful life events, often involving death or illness

Dissociative fugue

Sudden loss of personal memory and the adoption of a new identity in a new locale, no other symptoms

Causes of Conversion disorder (2 things)

Unconscious repression of traumatic event, reduction of anxiety (due to avoidance)

Onset of Somatization Disorder

adolescence, but must happen over several years

Age of onset and demographics for illness anxiety disorder

adolescence, tend to be unmarried women from low SES

Demographics and ages of Conversion disorder (4 things)

adolescence/early adulthood, women, less educated, lower SES groups

Medical Treatment for SSDs

antidepressants

SSDs have a strong genetic link to which personality disorder?

antisocial personality disorder

Temporal lobe epilepsy

causes dissociation in 50% of people,

What did MRIs of DID patients show?

changes in brain functioning for different personalities

Conversion disorder has been linked to _______ _______

childhood trauma

What does brain imaging during depersonalization show?

deficits in perception and emotion regulation

Prevalance of derealization disorder in males and females, average age of onset

equal, 16