Abnormal Psych ch. 8

________ is the study of the connections between stress, the body's immune system, and illness. a. Behavioral medicine b. Psychoanalysis c. Psychoneuroimmunology d. Behaviorism

c. Psychoneuroimmunology

Most people who have _______ were children or young teenagers at the time of the first attack. a. asthma b. ulcers c. insomnia d. migraine headaches

a. asthma

_________ produce antibodies. a. B-cells b. Helper T-cells c. Avoider B-cells d. Natural killer T-cells

a. B-cells

Albert had finally had enough of his inability to walk. He went to a psychologist, who told him there was nothing medically wrong with him. The therapist was using the treatment approach of: a. confrontation b. insight c. exposure and response prevention d. suggestion

a. confrontation

You are a therapist using self-instruction training. Your client now thinks, "When the pain comes, I just pause and keep focusing on what I need to do." This is an example of a: a. coping self-statement b. managing self-statement c. negative self-statement d. positive self-statement

a. coping self statement

According to the psychodynamic view, conversion disorder symptoms function to keep unacceptable thoughts and conflicts out of consciousness. This is called: a. primary gain b. secondary gain c. reinforcement d. sociocultural stress

a. primary gain

Behavioral therapists treating a conversion disorder would be MOST likely to focus on: a. reducing the rewards available for displaying the disorder b. helping the patient gain insight into how the disorder in reinforcing c. replacing the primary gain with a secondary gain d. identifying underlying emotional causes for the disorder

a. reducing the rewards available for displaying the disorder

A therapist treating an individual with a conversion disorder works to reduce pleasurable outcomes associated with being sick, while increasing pleasurable outcomes associated with being well. This technique is called: a. reinforcement b. confrontation c. posthypnotic suggestion d. suggestion

a. reinforcement

If a person complains of a wide variety of physical symptoms over a period of time in the absence of a physical basis for the symptoms, the diagnosis would likely be: a. somatic symptom disorder b. conversion disorder c. body dysmorphic disorder d. psychophysiological disorder

a. somatic symptom disorder

The main criticism of the behavioral and psychodynamic explanations for the maintenance of hysterical disorders is that: a. they can't explain how the gains can outweigh the pain of the disorder b. they fail to take into account the gains the patient receives from the disorder c. they confuse the ideas of gain and reward d. they focus too much on the gains the patients receives from the disorder

a. they can't explain how the gains can outweigh the pain of the disorder

Based on evidence from case studies, the BEST advice about treatment that you could give someone experiencing a conversion disorder is: a. "Confrontation therapy is the treatment of choice." b. "Find a therapist who is most likely to use approaches that incorporate suggestion, reinforcement, and confrontation." c. "Be very wary of taking antidepressants; they don't work with this disorder." d. "Family therapy has been most heavily researched and seems to show the most promise."

b. "Find a therapist who is most likely to use approaches that incorporate suggestion, reinforcement, and confrontation."

"It seems to me that people with illness anxiety disorder simply model what they see others doing". A person with which theoretical view would be MOST likely to say this? a. cognitive b. behavioral c. biological d. psychodynamic

b. behavioral

______ has been used successfully in the treatment of headaches and muscular disabilities caused by strokes or accidents a. relaxation training b. biofeedback training c. immunology d. meditation

b. biofeedback training

Somatic symptom disorders differ from conversion disorders in that: a. conversion disorders usually begin later in life than somatic symptom disorders. b. conversion disorders usually last less time c. conversion disorders are more common in men, while somatic symptom disorders are more common in women d. conversion disorders are more common than somatic symptom disorders in the United States

b. conversion disorders usually last less time

Twenty three million people suffer from this type of headache that produces severe pain in one side of the head. a. chronic headaches b. migraine headaches c. muscle contraction headaches d. tension headaches

b. migraine headaches

Jerry has a general sense of hopelessness and has recently been diagnosed with heart disease. The development of his psychophysical disorder may be a result of: a. behavioral changes b. personality style c. social support d. biochemical activity

b. personality style

_______ and _______ are equally helpful in the treatment of high blood pressure, headaches, and asthma. a. meditation; biofeedback training b. relaxation training; biofeedback training c. meditation; relaxation training d. hypnosis; biofeedback training

b. relaxation training; biofeedback training

If a man's behavior elicited kindness and sympathy from his wife when he was mute, he would be receiving ______ gains from his behavior. a. tertiary b. secondary c. egocentric d. primary

b. secondary

_________ are marked by pain at the back or front of the head or the back of the neck a. Chronic headaches b. Tension headaches c. Lesion headaches d. Migraine headaches

b. tension headaches

Juan is a 40-year-old man who has four children and is experiencing high levels of stress. What is he most likely to do to relieve stress? a. eat b. watch TV c. pray d. talk to family or friends

b. watch TV

The New Zealand sociologist who studies the relationship between social media and mass psychogenic illness is: a. Hippolyte Bernheim b. Pierre Briquet c. Bartholomew d. Baron von Münchhausen

c. Bartholomew

According to the psychodynamic view, conversion disorder symptoms function to keep unacceptable thoughts and conflicts out of consciousness. This is called: a. secondary gain b. sociocultural stress c. primary gain d. reinforcement

c. primary gain

Residents of Japan are more likely than residents of the United States to show higher rates of somatic complaints. The lower rate in the United States MOST likely reflects: a. an Asian bias to celebrate somatization as the only "real" response to emotion b. higher levels of the emotions that produce somatization c. a Western bias that sees somatization as an inferior way to handle emotions d. the effects of living in a collectivist culture

c. a Western bias that sees somatization as an inferior way to handle emotions

Defects in the _______ system are thought to contribute to the development of psychophysiological disorders. a. sympathetic nervous b. cardiovascular c. autonomic nervous d. immune

c. autonomic nervous

A group of physical illnesses that seem to be caused or worsened by an interaction of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors is called: a. conversion disorders b. somatic symptom disorders c. psychological factors affecting other medical conditions d. illness anxiety disorders

c. psychological factors affecting other medical conditions

Imagine someone gets hit in the nose by a betted ball. The latest research suggests that swearing will: a. not reduce pain because the pain is real, not factitious b. reduce pain only if the person is used to swearing a lot c. reduce pain d. not reduce pain because the pain is real, not somatoform

c. reduce pain

If you were a therapist with a behavioral view, which question would you be MOST likely ask someone you suspected might have a somatic symptom disorder? a. "What are you thinking about when you experience your symptoms?" b. "Do you think drug therapy would help you deal with the physical symptoms?" c. "What underlying conflict do you think might have caused your symptoms?" d. "Has any friend of yours had similar symptoms recently?"

d. "Has any friend of yours had similar symptoms recently?"

About _______ of all adults had trouble falling asleep last night. a. 15% b. 10% c. 5% d. 25%

d. 25%

The relatively positive health picture for Hispanic Americans in the face of clear economic disadvantage is called: a. General Health Contradiction b. General Hispanic Paradox c. Hispanic Health Contradiction d. Hispanic Health Paradox

d. Hispanic Health Paradox

Sarah brings her young daughter into the emergency room with internal bleeding. The attending physician later concludes that Sarah caused the symptoms in her daughter intentionally, because of a need to gain attention and praise for her devoted care of her sick child. If this assessment is correct, Sarah would be diagnosed as having: a. a conversion disorder b. a malingering disorder c. Munchausen syndrome d. Munchausen syndrome by proxy

d. Muchausen syndrome by proxy

Shelly has started smoking to help ease her stress from work. If she develops a psychophysiological disorder, it will be a result of: a. biochemical activity b. social support c. personality style d. behavioral changes

d. behavioral changes

That people with somatic symptom disorders use their symptoms to express emotions they cannot easily express otherwise reflects the: a. humanistic view b. psychodynamic view c. behavioral view d. cognitive view

d. cognitive view

Disorders that represent the conversion of conflicts and anxiety into physical symptoms would include: a. factitious disorders b. dissociative disorders c. phobia disorders d. conversion disorders

d. conversion disorders

The leading cause of death globally, resulting in 7.3 million deaths each year, is: a. hypertension b. essential hypertension c. asthma d. coronary heart disease

d. coronary heart disease

Adults need an average of eight hours of sleep each night, but Mary finds that she actually needs more than that. If she gets less than ten hours of sleep a night, she has difficulty concentrating, is forgetful, has problems driving, and cannot work effectively. Mary should most likely be diagnosed with: a. circadian rhythm disorder b. narcolepsy c. insomnia disorder d. hypersomnolence disorder

d. hyper somnolence disorder

The body's network of activities and cells that identify and destroy antigens and cancer cells is called the: a. autonomic nervous system b. sympathetic nervous system c. cardiovascular system d. immune system

d. immune system

A local high school student began having facial spasms. After several weeks, others started having similar symptoms, and eventually 18 girls from the high school were affected. This is an example of: a. cormorbid conversion disorders b. Munchausen syndrome c. contagious factitious disorder d. mass hysteria

d. mass hysteria

This pattern of somatic symptom disorder may begin at any age, is more common in women than men, and often first manifests after an accident. a. predominant conversion pattern b. factitious pattern c. somatization pattern d. predominant pain pattern

d. predominant pain pattern