Abnormal Psychology ch. 5
A person experiencing a panic disorder is most likely to also have a...
Fear of leaving home
A person who is restless, keyed up, and on edge for no apparent reason is experiencing
Free-floating Anxiety
One of the drawbacks of exposure and response prevention as a therapy is that it...
Is less effective with clients with obsessions but no compulsions
Behaviorists believe that compulsive behavior...
Is reinforced because engaging in it reduces anxiety
If a person were taking an antidepressant that increases level of serotonin and improves brain function for symptoms of obsessive compulsive disorder, that person could expect that...
It would lead to short-term relief, but relapse would occur if the person stopped the medication
Cognitists believe that generalized anxiety disorder is induced by...
Maladaptive assumptions
Benzodiazepines are believed to be effective in treating generalized anxiety disorder because they mimic the effect of ____ at certain receptor sites in the brain
GABA
GABA is related to...
Inhibiting neuronal firing in the brain
A person who believes that it is awful and catastrophic when things are not the way he or she would like them to be is displaying
Irrational Assumptions
An abnormal-psychology instructor asks in class, "what kinds of treatments are commonly used to treat obsessive-compulsive-related disorders?" Confidently (and accurately), a student replies..
"Exposure therapies and antidepressant drugs"
Which behavior pattern is not listed in the DSM-5 as an obsessive-compulsive-related disorder?
Agoraphobia
A person who has body dysmorphic disorder is considering plastic surgery. Based on available research, what is the best advice for this person?
"Be careful. Often, people who have plastic surgery for body dysmorphic disorder actually feel worse afterward"
A person says, "I've been diagnosed with social anxiety disorder, and my therapist wants me to use drug therapy, not psychological therapy. I don't know which to chose." Based on current research, the best answer would be...
"Some therapists think psychological therapy should always be used, even with drug therapy; there's less chance of relapse."
The proportion of panic-attack sufferers who are helped at least somewhat by antidepressant drugs is about...
80%
If a person lives in a city, owns a home, and pays taxes, that person is least likely to experience which event next year?
A cancer diagnosis
Sam can't leave for work without going back into his house and making sure that he has taken all of his writing materials. He does this several times before he allows himself to start the car and drive to work. He is frequently late for work because he is so unsure about remembering everything. Sam is displaying...
A checking compulsion
Steve is afraid of eating in public, expecting to be judged negatively and to feel humiliated. As a result, he makes up excuses when asked out to eat. His diagnosis would probably be...
A social phobia
Generalized Anxiety disorder is more common in...
African Americans than in white Americans
According to Freud, obsessive-compulsive disorders have their origin in the ___________ development
Anal
The most common mental disorders in the United States
Anxiety Disorders
People who experience a positive event, get excited, breath harder, and have an increase in their heart rate, then interpret the symptoms as a heart attack, are experiencing what cognitive theorists call...
Anxiety sensitivity
Which theoretical position explains the origin of phobias as due to classical conditioning?
Behavioral
Cognitive theorists have found that people who develop obsessive-compulsive disorder also...
Believe their thoughts are capable of causing harm to themselves or others
Which medications work primarily by enhancing the effectiveness of GABA?
Benzodiapines
What type of drug is alphrzolam (Xanax)?
Benzodiazepine
According to current research, using relaxation training to treat generalized anxiety disorder is...
Better than nothing and about as effective as mediation
Devon is being treated by anxiety. He is connected to an instrument that records muscle tension. His job is to try to reduce muscle tension. This is an example of...
Biofeedback training
In terms of cognitive theories explaining generalized anxiety disorder, a good deal of research supports
Both metacognitive theory and intolerance of uncertainty theory
A neurologist who was working with a person with obsessive-compulsive disorder would be suspicious of abnormality in what region of the brain?
Caudate Nuclei
Teaching people to accept their worries and live in the present moment-- mindfulness therapy-- is most consistent with which theoretical approach?
Cognitive
Which therapy is an effective long-term, non pharmacological treatment for panic attack that involves teaching patients to interpret their physical sensations accurately?
Cognitive
Which group emphasizes the beliefs and expectations that lead someone with a social anxiety disorder to overestimate how bad a social interaction went?
Cognitive Theorists
When someone who is about to leave for work checks the stove 10 times to make sure ti is turned off, that person is exhibiting a(n)...
Compulsion
If a person criticized everything that he did, looking for flaws, and never could measure up to his personal standards, he would be exhibiting what Rogers called...
Conditions of worth
A phobic person is taught to imagine the feared items as part of desensitization training. This is an example of the _____ technique.
Covert
The drug treatment that is most effective in treating panic disorders is like that used to treat...
Depression
People who have a biological vulnerability for anxiety that is brought to the surface by social/psychological factors develop generalized anxiety disorders, according to the...
Diathesis- Stress model
What is true about specific phobias?
Each year about 12 percent of people in the United States suffer from a phobia
An obsessive-compulsive person who was told that everyone was required to wear shoes at all times in the house and not to vacuum for a week would be experiencing what therapy procedures?
Exposure and response prevention
Antidepressants that are effective in treating obsessive-compulsive disorder serve to..
Increase serotonin activity in the brain
The cognitive explanation for panic disorders is that people who have them...
Misinterpret bodily sensations
"Experience of observation teach us early in life that certain objects are legitimate sources of fear", The person who believes this espouses the ____ explanation of the development of phobias.
Modeling
A person is being treated for a social anxiety disorder. A therapist watches the person act out a social scene, points out what she did correctly and incorrectly, and praises her for what she did well. Which behavioral technique did the therapist not use?
Modeling
If a person were afraid of dogs and his therapist treated him by interacting with dogs while he watched, he would be receiving...
Modeling
According to Freud, children who are punished or threatened for expressing their id impulses may develop...
Moral Anxiety
People with panic disorder experience body sensations...
More intensely than those with panic disorders
According to Freud, children who are experiencing id impulses-- making mud pies, playing war and exploring their genitals are at risk for developing:
Neurotic Anxiety
According to cognitive theorists, compulsive acts serve to...
Neutralize
Antidepressant drugs are frequently effective in treating panic attacks. The disorder is related to levels if neurotransmitter...
Norepinephrine
How strong is the evidence supporting the usefulness of client-centered therapy for those with generalized anxiety disorder?
Not very strong
In modeling, the client...
Observes the therapist confronting the feared object
A clinician who is not up-to-date uses the term "excessive behaviors" to describe a category of disorder. According to the DSM-5, that category is now called...
Obsessive-compulsive-related disorders
Sally is never sure of the right thing to do. She married Tod and has been wondering for years if that was the right decision. She is exhibiting...
Obssesive Doubts
A person is sweating, experiencing shortnes of breath, choking, feeling dizzy, and is afraid of dying. If it is not a heart attach, but an indicator of anxiety disorder, it is probably a...
Panic Attack
Every once in a while, Ona feels nervous to the point of terror. It seems to come on suddenly and randomly. Her experience is an example of a(n):
Panic disorders
What statement accurately reflects what we know from recent studies?
Phobias ordinarily are a result of classical conditioning
An intense, persistent, and irrational fear that is accompanied by a compelling desire to avoid the object of fear to the point of interfering with the life of the person is called...
Phobic Disorder
Apparently, people develop phobias more readily to such objects as spiders and the dark than they do to such objects as computers and radios. This observation supports the idea of...
Preparedness
Agoraphobia is the fear of...
Public places
What is NOT a biological treatment for generalized anxiety?
Rational Emotive Therapy
If a therapist gave a client homework that required the client to challenge his fault assumptions and replace them with healthier ones, the therapist would be using...
Rational-emotive therapy
The biological understanding of generalized anxiety is supported by the finding that...
Relatives of people with generalized anxiety are more likely to have it than non relatives are
The first step in systematic desensitization treatment is...
Relaxation training
Jan is very fearful of speaking in public and will do everything she can to avoid being evaluated by others, which causes her significant impairment. The most accurate diagnosis would be...
Social Anxiety Disorder
Someone interested in effects of social change, poverty, and race on the risk for generalized anxiety disorders represents the ___________ perspective
Sociocultural
Sal is suffering from arachnophobia. His therapist first has him go through relaxation training and then has him construct a fear hierarchy. Finally, the therapist has him go through a phase of graded pairings of spiders and relaxation responses. This approach is called...
Systematic desensitization
Psychodynamic and humanistic therapies have in common...
Their lack of strong support from controlled studies
People who experience obsessions show...
Thoughts that are intrusive and foreign to them
A professor who puts on rubber gloves before grading papers and religiously avoids any contact with the hands of the students is exhibiting a...
Touching compulsion
What is not a component of social anxiety disorder, according to research by cognitive theorists?
Underestimating how badly a social event went
A phobic person exposed to computer graphics that simulate real-world situations. This is an example of the _____ technique.
Virtual Reality
What is an example of meta-worry?
Worrying about worrying
