ACSM POSITION STAND 3: Activity and Bone Health

What type of loading will trigger the adaptive response of bone?

dynamic

What is the name of the condition characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD)?

Osteoporosis

A high level of physical activity may prevent fractures, but only if it effectively attenuates bone loss

False

The benefits of exercise in middle-aged and older people are most often seen as an increase in bone mass

False

The osteogenic response to loading is markedly enhanced when a given number of daily loading cycles are performed in a single session

False

Which of the following activities would be MOST likely to improve bone mass in the forearm?

Pushups

BMD is the best surrogate measure of bone strength in humans

True

Children participating in high impact activities are likely to have greater bone mass than those participating in lower impact activities

True

Deformation of bone is positively related to osteogenesis

True

Even low-intensity weight bearing activity, such as walking, may be beneficial in lowering fracture risk, even though minimal changes in BMD would be expected

True

Even very vigorous levels of physical activity do not prevent the menopause-induced loss of bone mineral

True

Mechanical forces have osteogenic effects only if the stress to bone is unique, variable, and dynamic in nature.

True

Which of the following would demonstrate the principle of reversibility? Select all that apply.

bone loss resulting from the absence of gravity during space flight bone loss resulting from bed rest bone loss from paralysis bone loss resulting from decreased physical activity with age

Which of the following is a generally accepted strategy to make the skeleton more resistant to fracture? Select all that apply.

maximize the increase in bone mineral density during the first thirty years of a person's life. minimize the decrease in bone mineral density after someone turns forty .