Actinomycosis & Candidiasis
What is the biggest sign of actinomycosis?
"Lumpy jaw" an abscess with a hard, red/purplish lump, often on the jaw
What is the causative bacteria of actinomycosis?
Actinomyces israelii
What is the clinical appearence of pseudomembranous candidiasis?
coating/patches of white slough that can be easily wiped away to reveal red area underneath
Pseudomembranous candidiasis can be chronic in those with _______________ ______________ __________.
compromised immune systems
What does pseudomembranous candidiasis look like?
curdled milk or cottage cheese in some cases
What is the prognosis for actinomycosis?
full recovery can be expected with treatment
What is the most uncommon form of all candidiasis?
hyperplastic candidiasis
Is actinomycosis contagious?
no, it cannot be spread from person to person
What is hyperplastic candidiasis?
persistent, white plaque that does not wipe off, rough and nodular
What is the common form of candidiasis, found in 35% of all cases?
psuedomembranous candidiasis
What is the appearance of erythematous candidiasis?
red, raw-looking patches
What is the result of loss of lingual papilla in erythematous candidiasis?
smooth appearance of the tongue
Where is Actinomyces israelii commonly found? Does it normally cause disease?
the nose and throat, does not normally cause disease
What is another name for candidiasis?
thrush
How does the pathogenesis of actinomycosis occur?
when bacteria enters the tissue of the face after trauma, surgery, or infection
What are the sub-types of erythematous candidiasis?
- angular chielitis - denture stomatitis - median rhomboid glossitis
What are the 2 treatment options for actinomycosis?
- antibiotics for several months-year - surgical drainage or removal of affected area if necessary
List the predisposing factors for candidiasis.
- diet - denture - dry mouth - smoking - antibiotics - immunocompromised
What are the symptoms of actinomycosis?
- fever - minimal or no pain - weight loss
What are the signs and symptoms of candidiasis?
- lesions - burning sensation (misdiagnosed as Burning Mouth Syndrome) that most likely occurs with erythematous
What are the 3 ways actinomycosis can be diagnosed?
- physical examination - culture of tissue or fluid - examination of drained fluid under microscope
What are the three types of candidiasis?
- pseudomembranous - erythematous - hyperplastic
What are the treatment options for candidiasis?
- topical Nystatin ointment/rinse - systemic meds (if immunocompromised) - smoking cessation - good oral hygiene - well-kept dentures (leaving them out at night)
Candida albicans is carried in the mouth of about ____% of the world's population as a normal component.
50%
What is actinomycosis?
a long-term bacterial infection that commonly affects the face and neck.
Pseudomembranous candidiasis is usually an ________ condition in __________ or those taking ________________ or __________________________ drugs.
acute infants, antibiotics, immunosuppressant drugs
What is candidiasis?
an opportunistic disease caused by Candida albicans
What are common triggers for actinomycosis?
dental abscesses or oral surgery
What is the possible precursor to pseudomembranous candidiasis?
erythematous candidiasis
Because of its location, Actinomycosis most commonly affects the ______ and ______. However, it can also affect the ________, ____________, and _________.
face and neck also effect the chest, abdomen, and pelvis
True or false? Actinomycosis occurs often in humans.
false occurs rarely in humans, majorly in cattle
