Actinomycosis & Candidiasis

What is the biggest sign of actinomycosis?

"Lumpy jaw" an abscess with a hard, red/purplish lump, often on the jaw

What is the causative bacteria of actinomycosis?

Actinomyces israelii

What is the clinical appearence of pseudomembranous candidiasis?

coating/patches of white slough that can be easily wiped away to reveal red area underneath

Pseudomembranous candidiasis can be chronic in those with _______________ ______________ __________.

compromised immune systems

What does pseudomembranous candidiasis look like?

curdled milk or cottage cheese in some cases

What is the prognosis for actinomycosis?

full recovery can be expected with treatment

What is the most uncommon form of all candidiasis?

hyperplastic candidiasis

Is actinomycosis contagious?

no, it cannot be spread from person to person

What is hyperplastic candidiasis?

persistent, white plaque that does not wipe off, rough and nodular

What is the common form of candidiasis, found in 35% of all cases?

psuedomembranous candidiasis

What is the appearance of erythematous candidiasis?

red, raw-looking patches

What is the result of loss of lingual papilla in erythematous candidiasis?

smooth appearance of the tongue

Where is Actinomyces israelii commonly found? Does it normally cause disease?

the nose and throat, does not normally cause disease

What is another name for candidiasis?

thrush

How does the pathogenesis of actinomycosis occur?

when bacteria enters the tissue of the face after trauma, surgery, or infection

What are the sub-types of erythematous candidiasis?

- angular chielitis - denture stomatitis - median rhomboid glossitis

What are the 2 treatment options for actinomycosis?

- antibiotics for several months-year - surgical drainage or removal of affected area if necessary

List the predisposing factors for candidiasis.

- diet - denture - dry mouth - smoking - antibiotics - immunocompromised

What are the symptoms of actinomycosis?

- fever - minimal or no pain - weight loss

What are the signs and symptoms of candidiasis?

- lesions - burning sensation (misdiagnosed as Burning Mouth Syndrome) that most likely occurs with erythematous

What are the 3 ways actinomycosis can be diagnosed?

- physical examination - culture of tissue or fluid - examination of drained fluid under microscope

What are the three types of candidiasis?

- pseudomembranous - erythematous - hyperplastic

What are the treatment options for candidiasis?

- topical Nystatin ointment/rinse - systemic meds (if immunocompromised) - smoking cessation - good oral hygiene - well-kept dentures (leaving them out at night)

Candida albicans is carried in the mouth of about ____% of the world's population as a normal component.

50%

What is actinomycosis?

a long-term bacterial infection that commonly affects the face and neck.

Pseudomembranous candidiasis is usually an ________ condition in __________ or those taking ________________ or __________________________ drugs.

acute infants, antibiotics, immunosuppressant drugs

What is candidiasis?

an opportunistic disease caused by Candida albicans

What are common triggers for actinomycosis?

dental abscesses or oral surgery

What is the possible precursor to pseudomembranous candidiasis?

erythematous candidiasis

Because of its location, Actinomycosis most commonly affects the ______ and ______. However, it can also affect the ________, ____________, and _________.

face and neck also effect the chest, abdomen, and pelvis

True or false? Actinomycosis occurs often in humans.

false occurs rarely in humans, majorly in cattle