Adaptive quizzing Endocrine System

A client with Cushing syndrome asks why a low-sodium, high-potassium diet has been prescribed. What is the nurse's best response? 1 "You will gain excessive weight if sodium is not limited." 2 "An inadequate intake of potassium contributed to the disease." 3 "This type of diet increases emotional stability." 4 "The disease causes the retention of sodium and loss of potassium."

"The disease causes the retention of sodium and loss of potassium."

The nurse is teaching a client newly diagnosed with diabetes about the importance of glucose monitoring. Which blood glucose levels should the nurse identify as hypoglycemia? 68 mg/dL, 78mg/dL, 88mg/dL, 98 mg/dL

68 mg/dL

A client with diabetes was taught to self-administer insulin. Which site should the client choose for fast absorption?

Abdomen

The nurse is providing care to a client being treated for bacterial cystitis. What is the goal before discharge for this client? 1 Understand the need to drink 4 L of water per day, an essential measure to prevent dehydration 2 Be able to identify dietary restrictions and plan menus 3 Achieve relief of symptoms and maintain kidney function 4 Recognize signs of bleeding, a complication associated with this type of procedure

Achieve relief of symptoms and maintain kidney function

Which action may cause lipohypertrophy in a client who is receiving insulin injections? 1 Injecting insulin subcutaneously 2 Storing insulin in the refrigerator 3 Using buffered regular insulin injections 4 Administering insulin into the same site each time

Administering insulin into the same site each time

Which hormonal deficiency reduces the growth of axillae and pubic hair in female clients?

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

What other name can the nurse use for vasopressin? 1 Growth hormone 2 Luteinizing hormone 3 Antidiuretic hormone 4 Thyroid-stimulating hormone

Antidiuretic hormone

Which hormonal imbalance causes acromegaly? 1 Insulin 2 Thyroxine 3 Somatotropin 4 Parathyroid hormone

Somatotropin

A client with type 1 diabetes receives Humulin R insulin in the morning. Shortly before lunch the nurse identifies that the client is diaphoretic and trembling. What is the nurse's appropriate action? 1 Administer insulin to the client 2 Give the client lunch immediately 3 Encourage the client to drink fluids 4 Assess the client's blood glucose level

Assess the client's blood glucose level

The health care provider prescribes an oral hypoglycemic for the patient with type 2 diabetes. What will the nurse need to consider when developing the teaching plan? 1 Oral hypoglycemics work by decreasing absorption of carbohydrates. 2 Oral hypoglycemics work by stimulating the pancreas to produce insulin. 3 Clients taking oral hypoglycemics may subconsciously relax dietary rules to gain a sense of control. 4 Clients with type 2 diabetes do not need to be concerned about serious adverse effects from oral hypoglycemics

Clients taking oral hypoglycemics may subconsciously relax dietary rules to gain a sense of control.

A client is scheduled for a bilateral adrenalectomy. Before surgery, steroids are administered to the client. What does the nurse determine is the reason for the steroids?

Compensate for the sudden lack of these hormones following surgery

What can cause metabolic alkolosis

Cushing disease caused by a tumor or hyperplasia of the pituitary gland, may cause metabolic alkalosis

A client is admitted to the hospital with diabetic ketoacidosis. The nurse identifies that the elevated ketone level present with this disorder is caused by the incomplete oxidation of what? 1 Fats 2 Protein 3 Potassium 4 Carbohydrates

Fats

The nurse is providing teaching to a client who recently has been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. The nurse reinforces the importance of monitoring for ketoacidosis. What are the signs and symptoms of ketoacidosis? Select all that apply.

Excessive thirst, fruity scented breath, confusion, N/V, abdominal pain, frequent urination, fatigue

A client is admitted to the hospital with diabetic ketoacidosis. The nurse concludes that the client's elevated ketone level is caused by incomplete oxidation of which nutrient? 1 Fats 2 Protein 3 Potassium 4 Carbohydrates

Fats

During a home visit to a client, the nurse identifies tremors of the client's hands. When discussing this assessment, the client reports being nervous, having difficulty sleeping, and feeling as if the collars of shirts are getting tight. Of the additional assessment findings, which one should the nurse report to the practitioner? 1 Increased appetite 2 Recent weight loss 3 Feelings of warm 4 Fluttering in the chest

Fluttering in the chest

Which hormone is secreted by the pancreas?

Glucagon

A nurse is assessing a female client with Cushing syndrome. Which clinical findings can the nurse expect to identify?

Hirsutism, "buffalo hump," "moon face," abdominal striae, HTN, weight gain, slow wound healing, acne

Which clinical manifestation occurs in a client with vasopressin deficiency? 1 Impotence 2 Hypotension 3 Amenorrhea

Hypotension

A cient with diabetes who is receiving long-term corticosteroid therapy is admitted to the hospital with leg ulcers. What increased risk does the nurse consider when assessing this client? 1 Weight loss 2 Hypoglycemia 3 Decreased blood pressure 4 Inadequate wound healing

Inadequate wound healing

A nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. When the health care provider tries to regulate this client's insulin regimen, the client experiences episodes of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, and 15 g of a simple sugar is prescribed. What is the reason this is administered when a client experiences hypoglycemia?

Increases blood glucose levels

A nurse prepares to administer metformin (Glucophage XR) to an older adult who has asked that it be crushed because it is difficult to swallow. The nurse explains that this drug cannot be crushed because of what reason?

It is released slowly

A nurse administers a tube of glucose gel to a client who is hypoglycemic. What should the nurse consider about this reversal of hypoglycemia?

It provides a glucose substitute for rapid replacement of deficits

A client with untreated type 1 diabetes mellitus may lapse into a coma because of acidosis. An increase in which component in the blood is a direct cause of this type of acidosis?

Ketones

The nurse identifies a 5-cm nodule on the upper arm of a client with type 1 diabetes. The client says to the nurse, "That is where I give myself insulin shots." The nurse concludes that the nodule, which is neither warm nor painful, is a result of what?

Lipodystrophy

Which hormonal deficiency causes breast atrophy in female clients?

Luteinizing hormone

A client is receiving dexamethasone for adrenocortical insufficiency. What should the nurse do to monitor for a negative side effect of the medication/ 1 Auscultate for bowel sounds 2 Measure blood glucose levels 3 Culture respiratory secretions 4 Assess deep tendon reflexes

Measure blood glucose levels

A client with type 2 diabetes develops gout, and allopurinol is prescribed. The client is also taking metformin and an over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). When teaching about the administration of allopurinol, what should the nurse instruct the client to do?

Monitor blood glucose levels more frequently

A client is receiving total parenteral nutrition. Which clinical finding will the nurse determine is the result of hyperglycemia due to the TPN?

Polyuria

A nurse is caring for an adult client with acromegaly. What clinical manifestation does the nurse expect the client to exhibit? 1 Prominent jaw 2 Decreased pulse 3 Increased height 4 Increased sodium

Prominent jaw

A health care provider writes prescriptions addressing the needs of a client with Addison disease. Which outcome does the nurse conclude is the main focus of treatment for this client?

Restoration of electrolyte imbalance

A health care provider prescribes propylthiouracil (PTU) for a client with hyperthyroidism. Two months after being started on the medication, the client calls the nurse and complains of feeling tired and looking pale. What should the nurse do?

Schedule the client for an appointment

A client who is taking an oral hypoglycemic daily for type 2 diabetes develops the flu and is concerned about the need for special care. What should the nurse advise the client? Skip the oral hypoglycemic pill, drink plenty of fluids, and rest. 2 Avoid food, drink clear liquids, take the daily medication, and stay in bed. 3 Take the oral medication, drink fluids, and monitor capillary glucose levels. 4 Delay taking the medication until tolerating food, and call the office the next day.

Take the oral medication, drink fluids, and monitor capillary glucose levels.

A nurse plans to set up emergency equipment at the bedside of a client in the immediate postoperative period after a thyroidectomy. What should the nurse include in the bedside setup?

Tracheostomy set and oxygen

The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis. Which arterial blood gas results are associated with this diagnosis?

pH: 7.28; PCO2: 28; HCO3: 18 A low pH and bicarbonate reflect metabolic acidosis; a low PCO2 indicates compensatory hyperventilation

Which hormonal imbalance causes acromegaly?

somatotropin

A nurse is monitoring a client's laboratory results for a fasting plasma glucose level. Which fasting plasma glucose range will the nurse determine that the client has diabetes? 1 40 and 60 mg/dL 2 80 and 99 mg/dL 3 100 and 125 mg/dL 4 126 and 140 mg/dL

126 and 140 mg/dL

The nurse is caring for the client posttranssphenoidal hypophysectomy. When assessing the client, the nurse observes clear drainage from the nares. What could be the cause of this drainage? 1 A cerebral spinal fluid leak from an opening to the brain. 2 A normal occurrence for this client's procedure. 3 The client is developing an infection. 4 The client may have had a cold preoperatively, and the nurse will continue to monitor.

A cerebral spinal fluid leak from an opening to the brain

A nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes who has developed diabetic coma. Which element excessively accumulates in the blood to precipitate the signs and symptoms associated with this condition? 1 Sodium bicarbonate, causing alkalosis 2 Ketones as a result of rapid fat breakdown, causing acidosis 3 Nitrogen from protein catabolism, causing ammonia intoxication 4 Glucose from rapid carbohydrate metabolism, causing drowsiness

Ketones as a result of rapid fat breakdown, causing acidosis

Which clinical indicators can the nurse expect when assessing a client with Cushing syndrome? Select all that apply. 1 Lability of mood 2 Slow wound healing 3 A decrease in the growth of hair 4 Ectomorphism with a moon face 5 An increased resistance to bruising

Lability of mood, slow wound healing

The nurse is providing immediate postoperative care to a client who had a thyroidectomy. The nurse should monitor the client for which clinical manifestation?

Signs of respiratory obstruction