Addiction

A client is participating in a 12-step program. Which slogan would the client be most likely to hear being used? Select all that apply. You Selected:

"One day at a time." "Easy does it." "Let go and let God."

Approximately what percentage of U.S. adults have substance use disorders?

22%

A client can expect symptoms of alcohol withdrawal to begin how many hours after the last drink?

8

What is the first step in a 12 step program?

Admitting that you have a problem.

The mental health nurse is preparing a presentation about prescription drug abuse to a local community group. When describing the incidence, which age group would the nurse identify as experiencing an increase?

Adolescents

The nurse is performing a history and physical examination on a client with chronic alcoholism. The client has a history of gastritis, esophagitis, elevated liver enzymes, cardiomyopathy, and pancreatitis. Which of these conditions are attributable to the client's history of alcohol abuse?

All the conditions are attributable to the alcohol abuse

The mental health nurse recognizes that genetic intolerance of alcohol has been documented among which ethnic group?

Asians

According to the psychodynamic theory regarding addiction, it is most important that the nurse assesses the client with an alcohol use disorder by considering what?

Asking the client to describe the client's childhood relationship with the client's parents

Disulfiram has been prescribed for a client receiving treatment for alcoholism. Which should be included in the client's plan of care?

Avoid all products containing alcohol

Safe alcohol withdrawal usually is accomplished with the administration of which medication classification?

Benzodiazepines

The recommended first-line pharmacologic agents for managing severe alcohol withdrawal symptoms are in which class of medications?

Benzodiazepines

The mental health nurse should focus on preventative efforts including educational interventions related to the abuse of prescription drugs on which client group?

Both genders between the age of 12 and 17

A client is brought to the emergency department by a friend who tells the staff that the friend thinks the client has overdosed on cocaine. Which findings would help support this situation? Select all that apply.

Chest pain Seizures Respiratory depression Cardiac dysrhythmia

A client who has used IV heroin every day for the past 10 years says, "I don't have a drug problem. I can quit whenever I want." Which defense mechanism is being used by the client?

Denial

Which is the most common defense mechanism used by a client diagnosed with a substance use problem?

Denial

Clonidine is most effective for which symptom of opioid withdrawal?

Diarrhea

Which is an example of a benzodiazepine?

Diazepam

The ingestion of mood-altering substances stimulates which neurotransmitter pathway in the limbic system to produce a "high" that is a pleasant experience?

Dopamine

Ecstasy is an example of which type of substance?

Hallucinogen

Suspicion that a nursing professional is impaired by a substance abuse problem is mostsupported by which situation?

Having several clients complain that their pain medication is not working

The nurse in an outpatient rehabilitation program is speaking with a group of clients who have recently recovered from alcohol abuse. Which issue should the nurse raise before the clients leave for the day?

Help them to identify appropriate diversional activities.

When a client is working toward the prevention of an alcohol abuse relapse, the nurse is acting in a therapeutic role when doing what?

Helping the client identify positive coping mechanisms

A client is receiving methadone maintenance therapy. After teaching the client about this treatment, the nurse determines that the education was successful when the client states what?

I should eat small frequent meals if I get nauseated."

Which statements are important reasons for why the problem of substance abuse must be addressed? Select all that apply.

Increasing numbers of infants are suffering the physiologic and emotional consequences of prenatal exposure to alcohol or drugs. Chemical abuse results in increased violence. 130 deaths occur daily in the United States from opioid overdose. Alcohol abuse is a too frequent cause of or contributor to death.

When discussing methadone treatment with a client, the nurse should include what?

It decreases the severity of heroin withdrawal symptoms.

Which statements identify positive aspects of methadone as a substitute for heroin? Select all that apply.

It is a legal medication. It is controlled by a health care provider. It is available in tablet form.

The nurse is leading a family therapy group for clients and families of individuals who are addicted to substances. The family of a cocaine addict is angry and cannot understand why the client cannot just stop using. The nurse guides the group to discuss their understanding of the nature of addiction. Which statements would the nurse identify as an accurate understanding of the nature of addiction? Select all that apply.

It is a medical illness that is progressive. Relapses and remissions are part of the illness.

A client with a long history of alcohol abuse has presented to the emergency department with hallucinations and an incoherent story about being followed by the police. The client is likely experiencing which physiologic effect of alcohol use?

Korsakoff's psychosis

An older adult client with liver disease is experiencing alcohol withdrawal. Based on the nurse's understanding of drug therapy, which of the following would the nurse expect to be prescribed?

Lorazepam

When interviewing the family members of a client being treated for substance abuse problems, which of the following behaviors by the members would alert the nurse to the possibility of codependency?

Making excuses for the client's substance problem

A client is experiencing severe alcohol withdrawal. Which would the nurse most likely assess? Select all that apply.

Marked diaphoresis Auditory hallucinations Gross uncontrollable tremors

After a long history of intravenous heroin use, a client has expressed willingness to stop using heroin. The nurse would expect the client to receive which medication to decrease the severity of withdrawal?

Methadone

A client is admitted to the detoxification unit on Sunday evening. The client discloses that the client's last alcoholic drink was just before the client was admitted to the unit. When can the nurse expect that the client's alcohol withdrawal symptoms will begin?

Monday morning

A nurse is working with a couple seeking counseling for marital discord. The history indicates one of the clients was treated for substance abuse 4 years ago and attends Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) meetings occasionally. Which statement made by the recovering client should alert the nurse for the need for further education?

My spouse gets upset when I hang out with my old buddies on the weekends."

Which drug reverses opioid toxicity?

Naloxone

A nurse is implementing a brief intervention with a client who is abusing alcohol. The nurse mostlikely would be involved with which action?

Negotiating a conversation with the client about the need to change

A 30-year-old client has been brought to the emergency department by emergency medical services with an apparent heroin overdose. In the immediate care of this client, what assessments should the nurse prioritize?

Neurological and respiratory assessments

Safety is the nursing priority for a client who is at risk for alcohol withdrawal. A care plan for the client who is in withdrawal must include which nursing interventions?

Observation for symptoms, vital signs, seizure and fall precautions, medications as ordered

The nurse is assessing a client's risk factors for developing a substance abuse disorder. Which family characteristic would the nurse identify as the most significant risk factor?

One parent who is an alcoholic

A 52-year-old client has a history of alcohol dependence and is admitted to a detoxification unit. The client has tremors, is anxious, has a pulse that has risen from 98 to 110 beats/min, has blood pressure that has risen from 140/88 to 152/100 mm Hg, and has a temperature 0.6º above normal. The client is slightly diaphoretic. Which nursing diagnosis would be the priority?

Risk for injury

A client is brought to the emergency department after having overdosed on cocaine. When assessing the client, which would the nurse expect to find? Select all that apply.

Seizures Cardiac arrhythmia

A nursing student is aware that which accounts for more deaths, illnesses, and disabilities across the life span than any other preventable condition?

Substance abuse disorders

A nurse is preparing an educational session for family members affected by substance abuse. Which point should the nurse include in the session? Select all that apply.

Substance abuse is an illness like any other. An individual with substance abuse issues typically cannot use drugs socially.

Which statement most accurately describes the etiology of substance-related disorders?

Substance-related disorders result from the interplay of biologic, genetic, and psychosocial factors.

A client is readmitted to the substance abuse program for the second time in 6 months for alcohol abuse. On admission, the client tells the nurse, "I am so ashamed." What should the nurse reply?

Tell me what has happened since your last admission."

A nurse is assessing a client with bizzare and aggressive behavior in the emergency department. Upon questioning, the client's partner discloses that the client had been smoking PCP. While in the emergency department, the client continues to exhibit signs of PCP-induced psychosis and has required physical restraints. What nursing outcome should the nurse prioritize in the care of this client?

The client will be physically safe and without injury.

Wernicke's encephalopathy is a degenerative brain disorder characterized by which type of deficiency?

Thiamine

When assessing a client diagnosed with chronic alcoholism, the nurse addresses potential memory dysfunction by reviewing the client's serum level of what?

Thiamine

Which medication is used to prevent Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome?

Thiamine (vitamin B1)

The client began drinking a six-pack of beer every day in the client's freshman year of college. By sophomore year, the client is drinking two six-packs to get the same effect. This is best described as which phenomena?

Tolerance

Which term describes a situation that occurs when very small amounts of alcohol intoxicates the person after continued heavy drinking?

Tolerance

Which statement about clients with a dual diagnosis is accurate?

Traditional methods of treatment have not been very successful for these clients.

A client is admitted to the emergency department for intoxication with alcohol. The client has an unsteady gait, myopathy, and neuropathy and cannot remember past or recent events. When treated with thiamine, the client's symptoms greatly improve. Which condition was the client likely experiencing?

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

The nurse is providing support to a client's child regarding the parent's alcohol use disorder. When integrating the disease concept treatment approach about this type of disorder, which statement by the nurse would be most effective?

Your parent's alcohol use problem is a chronic disease but can be treated."