adrenergic agonist
A nurse monitoring a client receiving dopamine should be aware of which adverse reactions that may result? (Select all that apply.) Nausea Cardiac arrhythmias Diarrhea Hypotension Headache
Adrenergic drugs like dopamine can cause the following adverse reactions: cardiac arrhythmias, headache, nausea, vomiting, and hypertension.
Which condition is treated with an adrenergic agonist? Hypertension Tachycardia Renal failure Anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis Epinephrine, a prototype adrenergic agonist, is used to relieve the acute bronchospasm and laryngeal edema of anaphylactic shock. Since adrenergic agonists act as cardiac stimulants, some versions may be used to treat severe bradycardia or hypotension.
A client is being treated for asthma. What would the nurse expect to administer? Alpha-specific adrenergic agonist Beta-2-specific adrenergic agonist Alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist Beta-1-specific adrenergic agonist
Beta-2-specific adrenergic agonist Most of the beta-specific adrenergic agonists are beta-2-specific adrenergic agonists, which are used to treat and manage bronchial spasm, asthma, and other obstructive pulmonary conditions.
A 21-year-old man experienced massive trauma and blood loss during a motorcycle accident and has been started on a dopamine infusion upon his arrival at the hospital. In light of this drug treatment, what assessment should the care team prioritize? Cardiac monitoring Respiratory assessment Arterial blood gases Monitoring of intracranial pressure
Cardiac monitoring The high potential for adverse effects that is associated with the use of dopamine necessitates vigilant cardiac monitoring. Respiratory assessment, ABGs, and monitoring of ICP are likely indicated by the patient's injuries, but these are not directly related to the use of dopamine.
A nurse is caring for an elderly patient who is to be administered isoproterenol. Which change monitored in the patient should the nurse report immediately to the primary health care provider? Changes in appetite Changes in temperature Changes in pulse rate Changes in glucose level
Changes in pulse rate
Which would the nurse identify as a naturally occurring catecholamine? Ephedrine Dobutamine Dopamine Metaraminol
Dopamine Dopamine is a naturally occurring catecholamine. Dobutamine, ephedrine, and metaraminol are synthetic catecholamines.
Which herbs has been removed from most weight-loss medications due to potential legal liability? Ginseng Gingko Rose hips Ephedra 麻黄
Ephedra has serious adverse reactions, such as hypertension and irregular heart beat. These side effects have been associated with stroke and heart attacks. The Food and Drug Administration has warnings against taking weight-loss pills that have ephedra in them. Gingko, ginseng, and rose hips have not had these serious side effects.
A client is experiencing anaphylaxis. What drug will the nurse most likely administer? Acetylcysteine Norepinephrine Dantrolene sodium Epinephrine
Epinephrine Epinephrine is the adrenergic drug of choice for relief of anaphylactic shock, the most serious allergic reaction, as well as in treatment of cardiac arrest. Norepinephrine used to treat severe hypotension and shock that persists after adequate fluid volume replacement. Acetylcysteine is used for acetaminophen overdose. Dantrolene sodium is used to treat malignant hyperthermia.
Which would the nurse expect to be prescribed to a client experiencing acute bronchospasm? Epinephrine Norepinephrine Metaraminol Dopamine
Epinephrine would be used to treat bronchospasm. Dopamine is indicated for the treatment of congestive heart failure. Metaraminol is used to treat shock if norepinephrine or dopamine cannot be used. Norepinephrine is used to treat shock and during cardiac arrest to promote sympathetic activity.
A male client is prescribed an adrenergic ophthalmic medication. What should the nurse include in the teaching plan? The drug is only absorbed locally. Hypertension may be a side effect of the medication. Side effects are limited to inflammation of the conjunctiva. Allergic and adverse reactions are rare.
Hypertension may be a side effect of the medication. Ophthalmic preparations of adrenergic drugs should be used cautiously. For example, phenylephrine is used as a vasoconstrictor and mydriatic. Applying larger-than-recommended doses to the normal eye or usual doses to the traumatized, inflamed, or diseased eye may result in systemic absorption of the drug sufficient to cause increased blood pressure and other adverse effects.
A patient is receiving salmeterol. The nurse would expect this drug to be given by which route? Intramuscular Intravenous Oral Inhalation
Inhalation (Beta-specific adrenergic agonist) Salmeterol, a beta-specific adrenergic agonist, is administered by inhalation.
Epinephrine can be administered by multiple routes. Which is not an appropriate route? Oral Intravenous Intramuscular Subcutaneous
Oral Epinephrine is not given orally because enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract and liver destroy it. It may be given by inhalation, injection (intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous), or topical application.
A client is taking an OTC allergy product. The nurse would expect to find that this product most likely contains:
Phenylephrine is a common agent found in many OTC cold and allergy products.
A nurse suspects that a client is experiencing shock based on which assessments? Select all that apply. Dry, flushed skin Disorientation Urine output 45 mL/hr Tachypnea Cyanosis
Signs and symptoms of shock include cyanosis; cold, clammy skin; diaphoresis; a change in the level of consciousness such as disorientation; tachypnea; and a urine output less than 20 mL/hr.
The nurse knows that what is an added benefit of epinephrine in cardiac arrest situations due to asystole or pulseless electrical activity? Stimulates electrical and mechanical activity Increases oxygenation to the myocardium Reduces seizure activity Increases oxygenation to the brain
Stimulates electrical and mechanical activity
Drugs that produce activity similar to the neurotransmitter norepinephrine are known as which of the following? Anticholinergic drugs Sympatholytics阻滞交感神经 Antiadrenergic drugs Sympathomimetics拟交感神经
Sympathomimetics拟交感神经
A client is in shock and is receiving dopamine. The nurse knows that the proper way dopamine should be given is by what method? On an electric infusion pump, through the main IV line with other medications, and titrated to the desired heart rate Via an electric infusion pump, by itself, and titrated to desired systolic blood pressure Via an IM injection diluted with normal saline IV bolus through the IV closest to the heart, followed by a normal saline flush
Via an electric infusion pump, by itself, and titrated to desired systolic blood pressure Dopamine should be administered via an electric infusion pump, by itself and titrated to the desired systolic blood pressure. It is not an IM medication. It should not be given with other medications, and it is not given as an IV bolus, no matter where the IV is located.
The stimulation of beta1 adrenergic receptors in the heart by epinephrine would cause what result? increased heart rate vasoconstriction of the coronary arteries decreased heart muscle contractions decreased oxygen demand by the myocardium
increased heart rate
Which agent would the nurse identify as being available in a transdermal form? Clonidine Phenylephrine Salmeterol Midodrine
Clonidine (Alpha-specific adrenergic agonist) Clonidine is available in an oral and transdermal form. Midodrine is available in oral form only. Phenylephrine is available in parenteral forms, topical forms, and ophthalmic forms. Salmeterol is available in an inhalation form.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is on a drug regimen of midodrine to treat hypotension. What would be an appropriate nursing diagnosis to include in the care plan of this patient? Disturbed sensory perception (visual, kinesthetic, tactile) related to CNS effects Impaired skin integrity related to dermatological effects Acute pain related to GI distress, cough, skin effects, and headache Offer support and encouragement to help the patient deal with the diagnosis and the drug regimen
Disturbed sensory perception (visual, kinesthetic, tactile) related to CNS effects Nursing diagnoses related to drug therapy with might include ineffective tissue perfusion (total body) related to changes in cardiac output and disturbed sensory perception (visual, kinesthetic, tactile) related to CNS effects. Acute pain is a nursing diagnosis appropriate to a patient receiving an ARB. Support and encouragement is an implementation, not a nursing diagnosis. Impaired skin integrity is a nursing diagnosis for a patient taking an ACE inhibitor.
A client is administered epinephrine in conjunction with a local anesthetic. What effect will epinephrine produce? Decreased cerebral circulation Increased vasoconstrictive effects Decreased coronary circulation Increased bronchoconstriction
Increased vasoconstrictive effects Epinephrine is added to local anesthetics for vasoconstrictive effects, which include prolonging the action of the local anesthetic drug, preventing systemic absorption, and minimizing bleeding. Epinephrine will not decrease cerebral circulation or coronary circulation. Epinephrine will not increase bronchoconstriction.
A nurse is caring for a 25-year-old client who has been prescribed an adrenergic drug for shock. Which action should the nurse implement? Continually assess the client for physiological changes and notify the primary care provider with changes. Leave the room so that the client can sleep and not risk sleep deprivation psychosis. Prepare the family by telling them how sick their loved one is and that he may die. Observe the client closely for seizures, hypothermia, and dementia; if seen, stop the infusion immediately.
continually assess the client for physiological changes and notify the primary care provider
The intravenous line of a client receiving dobutamine infiltrates and the drug extravasates. The nurse would infiltrate the site with: sodium bicarbonate. lactated Ringer's solution. phentolamine. hyaluronidase.
phentolamine. If extravasation occurs, the nurse should infiltrate the site with 10 mL of saline containing 5 to 10 mg of phentolamine. Hyaluronidase and sodium bicarbonate may be used for extravasation of certain antineoplastic agents. Lactated Ringer's solution would be inappropriate.
A client is taking an OTC allergy product. The nurse would expect to find that this product most likely contains: phenylephrine. albuterol. epinephrine. ephedra.
phenylephrine.
Phentolamine is the agent used to treat extravasation of dobutamine. False True
true