Aerospace Engineering Semester 1 Final

Share

Share your design process and your final result

Coefficient of Lift/ Drag

Unitless number that is an index of a plane's ability to generate lift/ to generate drag

Deflection

When air hits the angled surface of a wing, it is deflected downward and because every action has an equal and opposite reaction, the wing is then pushed up.

Aspect Ratio

Relationship of a plane's wings' width to their height.

Newton's Laws of Motion

1. An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced force, and an object in motion will remain in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. (Inertia) 2. Acceleration is produced when a force acts on mass and the greater the mass of the object being accelerated, the greater the amount of force needed to accelerate that object. 3. For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Pressure Drag

A difference in pressure upstream and downstream of an object in a flow. Basically, drag that's generated by lift.

Engineering Design Process

A formulaic way to approach problems and generate solutions. Gives guidance to the steps in the creation of objects that serve a specific purpose.

Career Fields that Use Aerodynamics

Aerospace Engineering (surprise!!!) Computational Fluid Dynamicist Structures Engineer

Chord Line

An imaginary straight line from the leading edge to the trailing edge of an airfoil.

Bernoulli's Principle

As the velocity of a fluid increases, the pressure exerted by the fluid decreases. Because of the curvature of a wing, the air flowing over the top of the wing moves faster than the air underneath. This creates an area of low pressure above the wing. Fluids move from areas of high to low pressure, so the wing is pushed up by this movement of air.

Ways An Object Can Produce Lift

Deflection, Newton's Laws of Motion, Coanda Effect, Bernoulli's Principle

Define

Determine the criteria for the object you are going to make

Parasite Drag

Drag from components that don't create lift. (Wheels, Fuselage)

Parts of a Plane

Fuselage, wings, empennage (composed of vertical and horizontal stabilizers), rudder, elevator, ailerons, flaps, trim tabs

Ideate

Generate ideas for how you want to design and create the object

Induced Drag

Generated by the airflow circulation around the wing as it creates lift.

Reynold's Number

Helps scale data from a small model in a wind tunnel to a real-life one.

Span

Length of a wing

The 4 Forces of Flight

Lift, weight, drag, thrust

Elevator

Located on the horizontal stabilizer in the empennage, controls pitching motion about the lateral axis

Flaps

Located on the trailing edge of the wing extending outward from the fuselage to the midpoint of each wing, increases drag.

Ailerons

Located on the trailing edge of the wings, controls rolling motion about the longitudinal axis

Rudder

Located on the vertical stabilizer in the empennage, controls yawing motion about the vertical axis

Prototype

Make many versions of the object to test its performance and the extent that it meets the criteria

Trim Tabs

Small control surfaces that permit the pilot to balance control forces in steady flight to relieve pressure on the aircraft's controls. (Think miniature versions of the rudder or elevator that don't require pilot input to exist.)

Test

Test the prototypes to determine the best version of the object

Stability

The ability of an aircraft to correct for conditions that act on it, like turbulence or flight control inputs. (How much it wants to return to its original state after a flight control input is imposed on it)

Maneuverability

The airplane's overall sensitivity to control inputs from the pilot and the effectiveness of the control surfaces over their control range.

Camber

The curved part of an airfoil from its leading to trailing edge.

Center of Gravity

The point around which the plane's weight is evenly distributed.

Empathize

Think about how the object you are going to make will be interacted with

Coanda effect

a phenomenon in hydrodynamics whereby a fluid in motion may be attracted or held to a wall

Engineering advances for aerodynamics

https://aia.springeropen.com/ Good luck :/