Aerospace Engineering Semester 1 Final
Share
Share your design process and your final result
Coefficient of Lift/ Drag
Unitless number that is an index of a plane's ability to generate lift/ to generate drag
Deflection
When air hits the angled surface of a wing, it is deflected downward and because every action has an equal and opposite reaction, the wing is then pushed up.
Aspect Ratio
Relationship of a plane's wings' width to their height.
Newton's Laws of Motion
1. An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced force, and an object in motion will remain in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. (Inertia) 2. Acceleration is produced when a force acts on mass and the greater the mass of the object being accelerated, the greater the amount of force needed to accelerate that object. 3. For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Pressure Drag
A difference in pressure upstream and downstream of an object in a flow. Basically, drag that's generated by lift.
Engineering Design Process
A formulaic way to approach problems and generate solutions. Gives guidance to the steps in the creation of objects that serve a specific purpose.
Career Fields that Use Aerodynamics
Aerospace Engineering (surprise!!!) Computational Fluid Dynamicist Structures Engineer
Chord Line
An imaginary straight line from the leading edge to the trailing edge of an airfoil.
Bernoulli's Principle
As the velocity of a fluid increases, the pressure exerted by the fluid decreases. Because of the curvature of a wing, the air flowing over the top of the wing moves faster than the air underneath. This creates an area of low pressure above the wing. Fluids move from areas of high to low pressure, so the wing is pushed up by this movement of air.
Ways An Object Can Produce Lift
Deflection, Newton's Laws of Motion, Coanda Effect, Bernoulli's Principle
Define
Determine the criteria for the object you are going to make
Parasite Drag
Drag from components that don't create lift. (Wheels, Fuselage)
Parts of a Plane
Fuselage, wings, empennage (composed of vertical and horizontal stabilizers), rudder, elevator, ailerons, flaps, trim tabs
Ideate
Generate ideas for how you want to design and create the object
Induced Drag
Generated by the airflow circulation around the wing as it creates lift.
Reynold's Number
Helps scale data from a small model in a wind tunnel to a real-life one.
Span
Length of a wing
The 4 Forces of Flight
Lift, weight, drag, thrust
Elevator
Located on the horizontal stabilizer in the empennage, controls pitching motion about the lateral axis
Flaps
Located on the trailing edge of the wing extending outward from the fuselage to the midpoint of each wing, increases drag.
Ailerons
Located on the trailing edge of the wings, controls rolling motion about the longitudinal axis
Rudder
Located on the vertical stabilizer in the empennage, controls yawing motion about the vertical axis
Prototype
Make many versions of the object to test its performance and the extent that it meets the criteria
Trim Tabs
Small control surfaces that permit the pilot to balance control forces in steady flight to relieve pressure on the aircraft's controls. (Think miniature versions of the rudder or elevator that don't require pilot input to exist.)
Test
Test the prototypes to determine the best version of the object
Stability
The ability of an aircraft to correct for conditions that act on it, like turbulence or flight control inputs. (How much it wants to return to its original state after a flight control input is imposed on it)
Maneuverability
The airplane's overall sensitivity to control inputs from the pilot and the effectiveness of the control surfaces over their control range.
Camber
The curved part of an airfoil from its leading to trailing edge.
Center of Gravity
The point around which the plane's weight is evenly distributed.
Empathize
Think about how the object you are going to make will be interacted with
Coanda effect
a phenomenon in hydrodynamics whereby a fluid in motion may be attracted or held to a wall
Engineering advances for aerodynamics
https://aia.springeropen.com/ Good luck :/