Agriculture: 75 Questions

What does "cultivate" mean? A. To grow B. To care for C. To make money D. To harvest E. To raise animals

2) B. To Care For:

How many agricultural regions did Whittlesey identify, excluding the region where agriculture was nonexistent? (As a number or word)

30) 11

Whittlesey sorted out agricultural practices based upon ________________, because it determined what kind of crop can be grown and whether or not animals are raised.

31) climate

In what kind of a region is shifting cultivation practiced? A. Humid Low-Latitude B. Dry C. Warm Mid-Latitude D. Cold Mid-Latitude E. Polar F. Undifferentiated Highlands

32) A. Humid Low-Latitude

A region with a humid low-latitude climate would have (high/low) temperatures with (abundant/scarce) rainfall. (Separate the two terms with a semicolon (;) and a space) ( 2 words )

33) high; abundant

The Kayapo people of the Amazon plant their crops in what shape? A. Rectangle B. Square C. Circle D. Oval E. Triangle

41)

What do critics say about shifting cultivation? (Check all that apply) A. Shifting cultivation is an inefficient way to feed people in LDCs B. Shifting cultivation eliminates diversity of cultures in LDCs C. Shifting cultivation is not an effective use of land D. Shifting cultivation is environmentally friendly

44)

The process of obtaining two harvests per year from the same field is called ____________________. ( 2 words )

50)

What is the area surrounding a city from which milk can be supplied called?

58)

Due to the numbers of dairy farmers leaving their business and heading to higher-paying jobs with less intensive work, dairy production has decreased. A. True B. False

59)

The origin of agriculture is located in Asia. A. True B. False

1) B. False: Agriculture originated before recorded history, so it is impossible to pinpoint an exact location for the hearth of agriculture.

Which of the following is/are primary hearths of vegetative planting? (Check all that apply) A. Central America B. northwestern South America C. sub-Saharan Africa D. West Africa E. Europe F. Middle East G. Southwest Asia H. Southeast Asia I. Oceania J. South Asia K. East Asia L. East Africa

10) B. Northwestern South America C. West Africa H. Southeast Asia

Africa has a higher population than food production. A. True B. False

100) A. True

Vegetative planting diffused in all compass directions-northward, eastward, southward, and westward- from the hearth in Southeast Asia. A. True B. False

11) A. True

What did people in Southeast Asia do before they started practicing vegetative planting?

12) People in Southeast Asia got food from fishing. This sedentary lifestyle allowed for the people to have more time to accomplish other tasks, such as growing and harvesting crops.

Which of the following is/are primary hearths of seed agriculture? (Check all that apply) A. Central America B. northwestern South America C. sub-Saharan Africa D. West Africa E. Europe F. Middle East G. Southwest Asia H. Southeast Asia I. Oceania J. South Asia K. East Asia L. East Africa

13) A. Central America J. South Asia K. East Asia L. East Africa

Seed agriculture diffused in all compass directions- northward, eastward, southward, and westward- from the hearth in China. A. True B. False

14) Seed agriculture diffused northward, eastward, and southward from the hearth in China, but it never diffused westwards.

When was seed agriculture starting to become widely practiced in the Western Hemisphere? A. when agriculture diffused from the hearth in Mexico B. when agriculture diffused from the hearth in South America C. when the Europeans brought agriculture with them from Europe D. when the hearth of seed agriculture rose up in the United States

15) C. When the Europeans brought agriculture with them from Europe: Agriculture was practiced in North America, but it was not widespread until the Europeans brought their practices over from Europe.

The primary differences between agriculture practices in the world are between those of what two types of regions/countries? A. Africa and Asia B. Northern and Southern Hemispheres C. Eastern and Western Hemispheres D. land and oceans E. MDCs and LDCs

16) E. MDC's and LDC's

What type of agriculture is practiced to produce food for sale off the farm? A. Commercial B. Subsistence C. Seed D. Vegetative Planting

17) A. Commercial

What type of agriculture is practiced to feed the farmer and the farmer's family? A. Commercial B. Subsistence C. Seed D. Vegetative Planting

18) B. Subsistence

In LDCs, the production of food to sell to the government or private firms is the main priority. A. True B. False

19) False: In LDCs, food is produced to feed the farmer and the farmer's family.

Farmers in MDCs grow crops and raise animals to sell directly to ____________________. (Check all that apply) A. consumers B. food-processing companies C. markets D. stores

20) B. Food-processing companies: Farmers in MDCs grow crops and raise animals to sell them to food-processing companies, who then sell the processed food to the supermarket or store, where consumers purchase them.

There are ____________ percentages of the populations in MDCs that work directly with farming and _____________ percentages of the population of LDCs that work directly with farming. (Place a semicolon (;) and a space between the two terms) (Options-high/low) ( 2 words )

21) low; high

The low percentages of farmers in MDCs explain why MDCs are not able to provide LDCs with food. A. True B. False

22) False: There are low percentages of farmers in MDCs, but some MDCs, like the United States and Canada, produce enough food to "not only provide for themselves and the rest of the region (North America) but also a surplus to feed people elsewhere."

The number of farmers have decreased during the twentieth century. A. True B. False

23) True: The number of farmers have decreased because of push and pull migration factors. The income of farmland was not enough to make a decent living, and there were higher paying jobs in cities.

Farmers in MDCs use what for power? (Check all that apply) A. human B. animal C. machinery D. hand tools

24) C. Machinery

Farmers in LDCs use what for power? (Check all that apply) A. human B. animal C. machinery D. hand tools

25) A. B. D.: Farmers in LDCs can't afford machines, so they must depend on themselves and animals to work the land.

The size of a farm in a MDC is bigger than the size of a farm in an LDC. A. True B. False

26) True: Farmers have larger farms in MDCs to produce much more food to sell than in LDCs, where 1) food is produced only for the survival of the farmer and the family, so there does not need to be a lot of land area and 2) there is a large population and a small land area, so there can only be so much land for each person.

The connection between farming and food-production jobs (such as processing, packaging, storing, distributing, retailing, tractor manufacturing, fertilizer production, and seed distribution) is called __________________________.

27) agribusiness

Only 2 percent of the United States' population works directly in the farming business, but around _______% of the population works with agribusiness. (As a number or word)

28) 20

Who made the most widely used map that shows regional distribution of subsistence and commercial agriculture? (First and last name OR last name only) ( 2 words )

29) Derwent Whittlesey

How were humans surviving before the agricultural revolution? (Check all that apply) A. Growing crops B. Hunting animals C. Planting seeds D. Raising animals E. Gathering crops

3) B. and E.: Before the agricultural revolution, people did what is known as hunting and gathering.

Why is shifting cultivation called shifting cultivation instead of shifting agriculture? What is the primary difference between the two? A. crops grown B. animals raised C. scale D. intensity

34)

Specifically, how do farmers clear the land for shifting cultivation? A. using machines to cut the trees down B. mowing the grass C. cutting the grass D. slashing the vegetation and burning the debris

35)

In shifting cultivation, exhausted soil is left fallow for a time period until it is ready for use again. A. True B. False

36)

What is the land cleared by slash-and-burn agriculture called?

37) fallow

In shifting cultivation, hoes, plows, and animals are used to prepare the fields for planting. A. True B. False

38)

Which of the following is NOT a reason why fields are abandoned in shifting cultivation? A. infertile soil B. nutrient depletion C. water scarcity D. rapid weed growth

39)

Hunters and gatherers lived in small groups. A. True B. False

4) A. True: If hunters and gatherers lived in large groups, the resources of the land would not be able to sustain the population.

In shifting cultivation, if a village abandons a patch of land, the people will not care for the land until it is time for them to reuse the land after the soil is replenished. A. True B. False

40)

Farmers in MDCs grow (one/many) crop(s) over a wide area. Farmers in LDCs grow (one/many) crop(s) over a wide area. (Separate the two terms with a semicolon (;) and a space) ( 2 words )

42)

Shifting cultivation occupies about _________% of the world's land area and about __________% of the world's population. (Both are either numbers or words) (Separate the two terms with a semicolon (;) and a space) ( or 3 words or 2 words )

43)

What is/are the difference(s) between pastoral nomadism and ranching? (Check all that apply) A. Pastoral nomadism is a form of subsistence agriculture whereas ranching is a form of commercial agriculture. B. Nomads kill their animals on the spot whereas ranchers deliver their animals to the butcher to be killed C. Nomads migrate a longer distance with their livestock than ranchers. D. Ranchers raise livestock but nomads grow crops as well as livestock.

45)

Intensive subsistence agriculture means that farmers must use a larger piece of land to produce food. A. True B. False

46)

Wet rice is first planted on (dry/wet) land and then transferred to (dry/wet) land to promote growth. (Separate the two terms with a semicolon (;) and a space) ( 2 words )

47)

The flooded field in which wet rice is grown on is called a paddy. A. True B. False

48)

Name the steps of harvesting rice seeds from the chaff, or the husks. A. Step 1 A. B. Step 2 B. C. Step 3 C.

49)

The __________ hunted game or fished and the ______________ collected berries, nuts, and roots. (Options- men, women) (Separate the two terms with a semicolon (;) and a space) ( 2 words )

5) Men; Women:

What is the most important crop of intensive subsistence farming with wet rice NOT dominant?

51)

What is a form of subsistence agriculture where an MDC owns the farm and orders the locals to grow certain crops for sale to that MDC? ( or 2 words )

52)

The most distinctive characteristic of fixed crop and livestock farming is that it integrates ________________________. A. different kinds of crops B. crops and livestock C. different kinds of livestock D. crop rotation

53)

75% of all income of mixed crop and livestock farmer is from the sale of _______________________. A. corn B. animal products C. cereal grains D. fruits and vegetables

54)

In mixed crop and livestock farming, which crop is grown to be sold to people as oil but mostly to be fed to animals?

55)

Dairy farms are located far from urban areas because lack of space near cities. A. True B. False

56)

On dairy farms, what is grown by farmers and sold to the market? (Check all that apply) A. milk B. butter C. cheese D. cows

57)

There are still hunters and gatherers in the world today. A. True B. False

6) True: There are still hunters and gatherers that primarily live in the Arctic and the interior of Africa, Australia, and South America.

What grass do grain farmers grow the most? A. corn B. oats C. wheat D. barley

60)

Which country is the largest commercial producer of grain? A. United States B. Canada C. Australia D. China E. India

61)

_______________ is wheat planted in the fall, develops a strong root system, and survives the winter to be harvested in the beginning of summer. This type of wheat growing is found in Colorado, Kansas, and Oklahoma. ( 2 words )

62)

_______________ is wheat planted in the spring and harvested in the late summer. This type of wheat growing is found in regions where the winter is too severe for wheat to survive, such as the Dakotas, Montana, and southern Saskatchewan in Canada. ( 2 words )

63)

What is the machine that was invented in the 1830s that would cut grain standing in the field called? ( or 2 words )

64)

What is the present-day machine that reaps, threshes, and cleans in one operation called?

65)

What animal is raised in ranching in the United States?

66)

In the United States, ranchers who sold their cattle in Texas would make more money per head than those who sold their cattle back on the East Coast. A. True B. False

67)

In which two European countries is ranching common? (Check two) A. France B. Portugal C. Spain D. Germany E. Russia

68)

The cattle industry in which South American country grew because of its proximity to the ocean, making it accessible to overseas markets?

69)

What are the two types of cultivation (NOT types of agriculture)? (Separate the two terms with a semicolon (;) and a space) ( 4 words )

7) vegetative planting; seed agriculture

Back then, ranching was (over a wide area/in a fixed location). Now, ranching is (over a wide area/in a fixed location). (Separate the two terms with a semicolon (;) and a space) ( 8 words )

70)

The regions that pratice Mediterranean agriculture have which of the following in common? (Check al that apply) A. physical environment B. crop grown C. borders a sea D. most on west coast of continents E. all are located around the Mediterranean Sea

71)

What are the two most important cash crops grown in regions that practice Mediterranean agriculture? (Separate the two terms with a semicolon (;) and a space) ( 2 words )

72)

Commercial gardening and fruit farming, also known as truck farming, produce what crops for consumers? (Check all that apply) A. Cereal Grains B. Fruits C. Vegetables D. Flowers E. Rice

73)

Who made the model that helps explains the importance of proximity to market the choice of crops on commercial farms? You can either have: First and last name OR Last name only ( 4 words or 2 words )

74)

A commercial farmer will always plant the crop that sells for the highest price per given land area. A. True B. False

75)

Match the rings of the von Thunen model to what the land is used for. A. Center A. B. Innermost Ring B. C. 2nd Innermost Ring C. D. 3rd Innermost Ring D. E. 3rd Outermost Ring E. F. 2nd Outermost Ring F. G. Outermost Ring G.

76)

What is the main reason that dairy farms are in the first ring of the von Thunen model? A. its heavy weight (hard to transport far) B. fast perishable time C. needs lots of space

77)

What is the main reason that horticulture farms are in the first ring of the von Thunen model? A. its heavy weight (hard to transport far) B. fast perishable time C. needs lots of space

78)

What is the main reason that logging is in the second ring of the von Thunen model? A. its heavy weight (hard to transport far) B. fast perishable time C. needs lots of space

79)

Who developed the two types of cultivation? You can either have: First and last name OR Last name only ( 2 words )

8) Carl Sauer

What is the main reason that grazing is in the outermost ring of the von Thunen model? A. its heavy weight (hard to transport far) B. fast perishable time C. needs lots of space

80)

Which of the following did von Thunen fail to consider in his model? (Check all that apply) A. cost of products B. physical environment C. transportation costs D. social factors E. government policies F. need of space

81)

If the von Thunen model was modified by a river running through the scenario, then all of the land that was used for the different products would run ______________ to the river.

82)

What are the challenges that commercial farmers face? (Check all that apply) A. Government subsidies B. Low selling prices C. Numerous amounts in the markets D. Sustainable practices

83)

What does the United States government do to prevent overproduction? (Check all that apply) A. Advise farmers to not produce crops that are in abundance B. Move farmers to cities with better paying jobs C. Pay farmers the difference between market prices and selling prices D. Buys crops from farmers and sells/donates them to foreign governments E. Gives food stamps to low-income people to use up abundant food

84)

Farmers in MDCs grow (more/less) food than needed while farmers in LDCs grow (more/less) food than needed. (Separate the two terms with a semicolon (;) and a space) ( 2 words )

85)

_____________ agriculture is the practice that preserves and enhances environmental quality.

86)

What three factors distinguish sustainable agriculture (or organic farming) from conventional agriculture? (Check three) A. Sensitive land management B. Growth of certain crops C. Limited use of chemicals D. Growth of only crops E. Better integration of livestock

87)

____________ _____________ is the system of planting crops on ridge tops. ( 2 words )

88)

Ridge tillage decreases the cost of production while producing the same yield as other conventional farming methods. A. True B. False

89)

Agriculture probably had one hearth. A. True B. False

9) False

What are the problems that subsistence farmers face? (Check all that apply) A. Producing for a rapidly growing population B. Producing for exportation to MDCs C. Having not enough farmers D. Inefficient use of land

90) A. B. Page 333

Who came up with five different stages in the intensification of farmland? You can either have: First and last name OR Last name only ( 2 words )

91) Von Thunen

Match Boserup's stages of intensification of farmland to its description. A. Forest Fallow A. B. Bush Fallow B. C. Short Fallow C. D. Annual Cropping D. E. Multicropping E.

92)

What are ways subsistence farmers increase productivity? (Check all that apply) A. Use machines B. Use pesticides C. Use better farming tools D. Leave land fallow for a lesser time

93)

In some LDCs, women work at home trying to grow crops, cook food, and clean for the family while men work on other land trying to grow crops for export to MDCs. A. True B. False

94)

What are four strategies to increase food supply? (Increase/Decrease) the amount of land devoted to agriculture. (Increase/Decrease) the productivity of land used for agriculture. Identify new ________ sources. (Increase/Decrease) exports from other countries. (Separate each term with one before/after it with a semicolon (;) and a space) ( 4 words )

95)

_______________ is the process of deteriorating the land to a desertlike condition.

96)

The ______________ ________________ is the invention and rapid diffusion of more productive agricultural techniques during the 1970s and 1980s. ( 2 words )

97) Green Revolution

One way to increase food supply is to make rarely consumed foods more appealing. A. True B. False

98) False Look at page 335

Which region was the world's major exporter of food by 1980? A. Western Europe B. Asia C. Eastern Europe D. Latin America E. North America

99) E. North America