Aj004 ch7

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In which ways do search warrants and arrest warrants treat probable cause?​

all of these answers are correct

Which of the following is NOT a "special needs beyond law enforcement" exception?​

border

Which of the following is NOT common to both search warrants and arrest warrants?​

they both expire

A warrantless search by an officer of a probationer's apartment supported by reasonable suspicion and authorized the judge as a condition of probation, is valid.​

true

There can be a search without a seizure.​

true

In a voluntary consent situation, voluntariness is determined by looking at the:​

​totality of the circumstances.

The contents of an affidavit must be sufficient to allow an independent evaluation of probable cause by a(n):​

magistrate

Airport searches require which of the following?​

none of these answers are correct

The general rule is that searches and seizures can be made:​

only with a warrant

The U.S. Supreme Court has held that the only requirement public high school officials need for a valid search of students is:​

reasonable grounds

​Which of the following is NOT an exception to the warrant requirement?

search of a home

Reasonableness governs the scope of a search.​

true

Some state statutes permit no-knock warrants.​

true

Some types of searches do not need a warrant.​

true

The Chimel rule holds that a warrantless search incident to arrest is valid if limited to the area of immediate control, meaning the area from which the person might be able to obtain a weapon or destroy evidence.​

true

The distinction between a search and a seizure can be summarized as follows: Search is looking, whereas seizure is taking.​

true

The general rule is that searches and seizures can be made only with a warrant.​

true

There is no constitutional requirement that a warrant application must be in writing.​

true

There is no need for a search warrant or for probable cause to conduct dog sniffs at airports.​

true

A custodial search may be deemed "incident to arrest" even when carried out later than the time of arrest, if there was a:​

valid reason for the delay

Warrantless searches with consent are valid, but the consent must be which of the following?​

voluntary

Which of the following is "mere" evidence?​

​Blood stained clothing and shoes

Which of the following may be searched after a valid arrest?​

​Both their body and the immediate area

The leading case on searching the area within the person's immediate control is:​

​Chimel v. California

Under the Fourth Amendment, a seizure is:​

​a meaningful interference with a possessory interest in property.

There is no search within the meaning of the Fourth Amendment if police use drug-detection dogs, as long as the police:​

​are legally at the location.

Searches and seizures by private citizens acting solely on their own:​

​are not covered by the Fourth Amendment.

Whether or not a consent to search is valid is determined by:​

​examining the totality of the circumstances.

Search warrants:​

​must be executed or served in a reasonable fashion.

The general rule regarding searches when applied to searches of computers is that officers must:​

​obtain a search warrant.

The exception for exigent circumstances applies when there is some kind of emergency situation that makes _____ dangerous, useless, or unnecessary.​

​obtaining a search warrant

A search warrant is issued by a magistrate on the basis of a _____ signed and prepared by a police officer.​

​sworn affidavit

Under the exception for a search incident to a lawful arrest, officers may search:​

​the area in which the suspect could reach to obtain a weapon or destroy evidence.

If a suspect is lawfully arrested in an automobile, the police may search:​

​the entire passenger compartment and open any containers therein.

A police officer who wanted to obtain a warrant immediately to search a location, on the expectation that contraband will arrive there later, would seek a(n) _____ search warrant.​

anticipatory

A prescriptive search warrant is a warrant obtained based on probable cause and on an expectation that seizable items will be found at a certain place at a certain time.​

false

A search is a meaningful interference with a person's right to possess property.​

false

A search is limited to homes, offices, buildings, or other enclosed places.​

false

A search of a person's body after an arrest is valid; body cavity searches need no further justification.​

false

A search warrant is directed to a law enforcement officer and must state the grounds for issuance and the names of the suspects.​

false

An anticipatory search warrant can be based on reasonable suspicion.​

false

Fruits of the crime includes a suspect's clothing.​

false

No-knock searches always violate the Fourth Amendment.​

false

Once given, consent to search cannot be withdrawn.​

false

Search is defined as the exercise of dominion or control by the government over a person or thing because of a violation of law.​

false

Search requires probable cause, but seizure requires reasonable suspicion.​

false

The U.S. Supreme Court has clearly ruled that the search and seizure of text messages in a cell phone does not require a warrant.​

false

The right to privacy is NOT a constitutional right.​

false

The right to privacy is stated in the Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.​

false

When serving a warrant, officers must always knock and announce their presence.​

false

In 2005, the U.S. Supreme Court held that a dog sniff conducted during a lawful traffic stop that reveals no information other than the location of an illegal substance that no individual has any right to possess does not violate the:​

fourth amendment

Police officers may search computers without a warrant in which of the following situations?​

if they have a valid consent

Hot pursuit or fresh pursuit is an exception to the warrant requirement.​

true

Which of the following groups have undiminished constitutional rights?​

colleges students

In searches and seizures without a warrant, who has the burden of proof regarding probable cause?​

the police

In general, searches and seizures of computers have __ legal requirements as any other type of seizures.​

the same

A search by an off-duty peace officer is still considered to be a search by a government official.

true

A search cannot last indefinitely, with or without a warrant.​

true

Exigent circumstances constitute an exception to the warrant requirement.​

true

Generally, four types of things can be searched and seized.​

true


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